Term
| Malpractice is defined as |
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Definition
the negligent conduct of a
person acting within their professional
capacity |
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Term
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Definition
the right to be left alone and free from intrusion or
control. |
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Term
| The duty to warn an intended victim of a client’s intent to harm takes precedence over |
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Definition
the duty to protect a
client’s confidentiality. |
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Term
The Mental Health Systems Act (1980) established the
patient’s bill of rights which includes: |
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Definition
-the right to receive or refuse treatment
• a probable cause hearing within three court days of involuntary admission
• privacy and confidentiality
• communicate freely with others |
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Term
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Definition
• Personal privileges
• Maintain one’s civil rights, religious freedom and
education.
• Maintain respect, dignity, and personal identity
• Maintain personal safety
• Assert grievances
• Transfer and continuity of care
• Access one’s own records
• Explanation of costs and services
• Aftercare |
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Term
| Clients who are a threat to themselves or others may be admitted and detained for |
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Definition
| 48 to 72 hours (depending on state law) |
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Term
| Patients must be treated in the: |
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Definition
Least Restrictive Environment
including the right to freedom
from restraint (chemical or
physical). |
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Term
to be held legally accountable one
must understand the: |
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Definition
| nature and implications of his crime. |
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Term
| Continuum of Care refers to: |
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Definition
treating the biopsychosocial
needs of the whole person, from wellness to illness to recovery
within the community. |
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Term
| Community mental health is: |
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Definition
the comprehensive psychiatric-mental health care of clients within their
community of residence, with the goal of providing multidisciplinary, innovative treatment approaches. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a multi-axial system of psychiatric disorder classification (APA)and ensures consistency and commonality of language among disciplines |
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Term
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Definition
Clinicals Disorders and Other Conditions that may be a focus of clinical attention (e.g., Depression,
Schizophrenia, Substance Abuse) |
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Term
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Definition
| Personality Disorders and Mental Retardation (e.g., Borderline Personality Disorder, Mental Retardation) |
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Term
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Definition
| General Medical Conditions (e.g., Asthma) |
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Term
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Definition
Psychosocial and/or Environmental Problems
Scale: None – Catastrophic (e.g., job loss, eviction, death) |
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Term
|
Definition
Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF)
Scale: 1 (lowest)–100 (highest) |
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Term
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Definition
Anxiety, Disturbed Body Image, Fear,
Hopelessness, Impaired Memory, Impaired Verbal Communication,
Ineffective Coping, Noncompliance, Post-Trauma Syndrome,
Powerlessness, Risk for Injury, Social Isolation, Risk for Violence |
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Term
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Definition
| a person’s emotional and cognitive functioning. |
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Term
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Definition
| scrutinized directly like the characteristics of skin or heart sounds. |
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Term
| mental status functioning is inferred: |
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Definition
through assessment of an
individual’s behaviors |
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Term
| mental health status can be assessed through the context of |
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Definition
| the health history interview |
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Term
| Four main headings of mental status assessment: |
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Definition
the acronym: A,B,C,T
• A is appearance
• B is behavior
• C is cognition
• T is thought processes |
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Term
The Mental Status Exam
• Includes assessment of: |
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Definition
| appearance, Affect, Mood, or Emotional State, Behavior, Attitude and Coping Patterns, Communication and Social Skills |
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Term
Cognition
• Refers to thinking skills that include: |
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Definition
– Language use
– Calculation
– Perception
– Memory
– Awareness
– Reasoning
– Judgment
– Learning
– Intellect
– Social skills
– Imagination |
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Term
|
Definition
ability to grasp the significance of their
environment, an existing situation or the clearness of
conscious processes. |
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Term
|
Definition
• Do they know where they are (awareness of their environment)
• Do they know what they are doing here?
• Do they know who you are?
• Can they tell you the day, date, and year? |
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Term
| Short-term memory is assessed by: |
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Definition
listing three objects,
asking the patient to repeat them to you to insure that they
were heard correctly, and then checking recall at 5 minutes. |
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Term
| Long-term memory can be evaluated by: |
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Definition
asking about the patients job history, where they were born and raised, family
history, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| ability to use facts comprehensively reflects intellectual ability. |
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Term
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Definition
| fixed, false beliefs not true to fact. |
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Term
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Definition
sensory perceptions occurring in the
absence of an external stimulus (can be auditory, visual,
gustatory or tactile). |
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Term
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Definition
feeling of unreality or strangeness about
self or environment. |
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Term
|
Definition
insistent thoughts that are usually regarded by
the client as absurd and relatively meaningless. |
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Term
|
Definition
insistent, repetitive, intrusive and unwanted
urges to perform an act contrary to one’s ordinary wishes or
standards. |
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Term
If there is any concern regarding possible interest in
committing suicide or homicide, the patient should be |
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Definition
asked this directly, including a search for details (e.g.
specific plan, time, etc.). Note: These questions
have never been shown to plant the seeds for an
otherwise unplanned event and may provide critical
information, so they should be asked ! |
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Term
| Primary insomnia refers to: |
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Definition
sleep problems that result from
emotional or physical discomfort and are not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance or a general medical condition. |
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Term
|
Definition
directly related to a psychiatric
disorder. |
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Term
|
Definition
Trust vs. Mistrust (birth – 18 mo) → Sense of hope
• Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt (18 mo.– 3 yrs.) → Sense of
willpower
• Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 yrs) → Sense of purpose
• Industry vs. Inferiority (6-12) → Sense of competence
• Identity vs. Role Diffusion (12-18 or 20) → Sense of Self
• Intimacy vs. Isolation (18 - 25 or 30) → Sense of belonging
• Generative Life-style vs. Stagnation or Self-Absorption (30-65)
→ Focus is on concern for next generation and nurturance
• Integrity vs. Despair (65-death) → Sense of satisfaction and
acceptance |
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Term
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Definition
The Therapeutic Nurse-Patient Relationship and Therapeutic Use of Self. The nurse is a Participant-Observer with the client. There
is growth for both. The nurse uses self
therapeutically. Listening is the
cornerstone of the therapeutic nursepatient
communication process. |
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Term
Characteristics of Group Therapy:
• Yalom identified 11 essential curative factors. |
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Definition
1. Installation of hope
2. Universality
3. Imparting of information
4. Altruism
5. The corrective recapitulation of the primary family group
6. The development of socializing techniques
7. Imitative behavior
8. Interpersonal learning
9. Group cohesiveness
10.Catharsis
11.Existential factors |
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Term
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Definition
| Ability to think and reason in a logical manner. |
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Term
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Definition
– Based on the assumption that behaviors or responses are
learned or may be relearned. |
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Term
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Definition
socio-environmental therapy
The client’s environment is
organized to assist him or her to control problematic behavior, |
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Term
| BIOPSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL MODEL: |
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Definition
Psychiatric phenomena are explained by
neurobiological events within the brain. |
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Term
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Definition
the study of the mediation and
modulation of emotions, behavior and cognition through the interactions
of endogenous signaling substances or chemicals, (e.g. GABA,
serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine and acetylcholine) and drugs. |
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Term
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Definition
the myriad of factors that
can affect the way a drug acts upon the body and mind, |
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Term
| Major neurotransmitters include: |
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Definition
• Gamma-AminoButyric Acid (GABA)
• Serotonin
• Dopamine
• Norepinephrine
• Acetylcholine |
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Term
The major classifications of
psychotropic agents include: |
|
Definition
• Anti-anxiety agents and hypnotics
• Antidepressants
• Antimanic agents
• Antipsychotics
• Anticholinergic/Antiparkinsons
• Stimulants |
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Term
| one in ____ adults in U.S. abuse alcohol |
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Definition
|
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Term
___% of U.S. population 12+ had past year
substance dependence/abuse |
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Definition
|
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Term
__-__% of adults at least 1 episode/ETOH
related problem. |
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Definition
|
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Term
__% men, __% women have a Dx of alcohol or
drug use |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What % of elderly have Dx of alcohol abuse? |
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Definition
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Term
| __% of H.S. seniors, __%, age 21-22 engage in binge drinking. |
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Definition
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Term
| ___% 12+ have used MDMA, ecstasy |
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Definition
|
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Term
Addiction disorders: __-__% hospitalized
patients, __-__% primary care settings |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| studies have identified the neural structures and pathways responsible for pleasure and reinforcement of behavior. |
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Term
|
Definition
Some individuals have a predisposition to or are at risk for addiction due to a high level of stress hormones, a deficit in dopamine function that is
temporarily connected to their drug of choice, or a genetically based phenomenon in the brains of people at risk for alcoholism. |
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Term
| Nurture Theories/Behavioral and Learning |
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Definition
| Result of the positive effect of mood alterations that one experiences using drugs or alcohol. |
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Term
| Nurture Theories/Sociocultural |
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Definition
Teenagers are at risk for alcohol abuse because it is the drug of choice
among most adults, it is legal, and it is socially acceptable. |
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Term
| Nurture Theories/Psychodynamic |
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Definition
| Individuals who abuse substances are fixed at an oral or infantile level of development. |
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Term
| WHAT IS DEPENDENCE OR ABUSE? |
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Definition
| The individual continues use of drug despite critical drug-related problems that include a cluster of cognitive, behavioral and physiologic symptoms. |
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Term
| Codependency is a term used to describe |
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Definition
| behaviors that enable the substance abuser to continue use and avoid consequences. |
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Term
| Tolerance occurs as the individual uses a drug more with a : |
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Definition
decreased effect → therefore need
↑ amounts to achieve the same effect. |
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Term
|
Definition
Alcohol Antianxiety medications (e.g.,
benzodiazepines as Valium) & Sedatives
(e.g., barbiturates) Opiods (e.g., Heroin, Oxycodone) |
|
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Term
Long-term Consequences of Alcohol
Abuse: |
|
Definition
Esophageal Varices(dilated blood vessels within the wall of the esophagus)This dilation can be profound. The mortality rate
for esophageal variceal bleeding on the first event is
between 40 and 70%.
Portal Hypertension(blood flow through the liver is diminished) |
|
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Term
| Wernicke’s encephalopathy |
|
Definition
(inflammatory hemorrhagic degenerative brain condition caused by thiamine
deficiency). |
|
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Term
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Definition
| (amnesia characterized by loss of short-term memory) |
|
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Term
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome:
(FAS) |
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Definition
Inhibits fetal development and is related to the amount of drinking in the 1st trimester.
• Only preventable, 3rd leading
cause of Mental Retardation.
• Child suffers microcephaly,
cardiac defects, stunted
growth |
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Term
women have a Higher ratio of ___/_____, therefore reach a higher
blood alcohol concentration faster. |
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Definition
|
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Term
Gastric enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase, a
compound that breaks down alcohol, is almost __% less in women |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Amount of ETOH metabolized after its first pass through the liver & stomach is __% for women of what it is for men |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
· Amphetamines (e.g., Ritalin), Cocaine, crack,
crystal meth; caffeine, nicotine |
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Term
|
Definition
(Cut down, people’s criticism
Annoyed you, Guilty, Eye-opener) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Michigan Alcohol Screening Test |
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Term
|
Definition
| Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test |
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Term
|
Definition
| Clinical Alcohol Withdrawal Assessment |
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Term
|
Definition
| Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale |
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Term
|
Definition
lowers BP and suppresses sensory
nervous system hyperactivity. |
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Term
|
Definition
reduces craving and blocks
alcohol/opiod effects. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| (Antabuse) interferes with alcohol breakdown. |
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Term
| __-__% of patients with a psychiatric illness have an addiction disorder. |
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Definition
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Term
| Dual Diagnosis/Antisocial personality disorder: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Dual Diagnosis/Schizophrenia: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Dual diagnosis/Bipolar disorder: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| dual diagnosis/Major depressive disorder: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| dual diagnosis/Anxiety disorders: |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Drug use causes a mental disorder. |
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Term
| Self-Medication Hypothesis: |
|
Definition
Individuals with a psychiatric disorder use drugs to help them feel
calmer/alleviate clinical symptoms to achieve
emotional homeostasis. |
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