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Definition
since the ovaries release hormones, they are considered endocrine glands. |
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Term
PHASE ONE- THE FOLLICULAR PHASE |
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Definition
in phase one, the follicular secretes two hormones: Anterior pituitary secretes two hormones: - The FSH stimulates several follicles in the ovaries to grow. eventually, one of these follicles gains the lead and dominates the others, which soon stop growing. The one growing follicle now takes command.
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PHASE ONE- FOLLICULAR PHASE CONT. |
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Definition
Remember that during all this time the follicle is releasing estrogen. Estrogen helps the uterine lining to thicken and eventually causes the pituitary to release LH. This increase in estrogen causes a sudden surge in luteinizing hormone. This release of LH is known as a luteal surge. LH triggers ovulation- the release of the follicle from the ovary. |
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PHASE ONE CONT. (FOLLICULAR STAGE) |
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Definition
| The luteal surge makes the follicle burst and release the ovum. The ovum then begins its journey into the fallopian tube, which is also known as the oviduct. *This is a crucial event in the female menstrual cycle and is known as ovulation. Once the ovum has been released, the follicular phase and the ovum is ready to move on to the next phase. |
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THE FOLLICULAR PHASE INVOLVES... |
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Definition
... In addition to the growth of the follicle, the follicular phase involves the... |
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Term
HORMONES ASSOC. WITH THE FOLLICULAR PHASE |
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Definition
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)- originates in the pituitary gland. Estrogen- originates in the follicle (which is on the ovary). Luteinizing hormone(LH)- originates in the pituitary gland.
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Term
PHASE TWO- THE LUTEAL PHASE CARD 1 |
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Definition
| By the end of the follicular phase, the ovum has moved into the fallopian tuve and the follicle has been ruptured and left behind in the ovary. But, the ruptured follicle (now a fluid-filled sac) continues to function in the menstrual cycle. At this stage, it condenses into a little yellow blob called the corpus luteum, which is latin for "yellow body". |
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PHASE TWO- THE LUTEAL PHASE CARD TWO |
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Definition
| The CORPUS LUTEUM continues to secrete estrogen. In addition, it now starts producing the other major hormone involved in female reproduction, PROGESTERONE. Progesterone is responsible for readying the body for pregnancy. It does this by promoting growth of glands and bloodvessels in the endometrium.*With out progesterone, a fertilized ovum cannot latch onto the uterus and develop into an embryo*. We can therefore think of progesterone as the "hormone of pregnancy". |
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PHASE TWO- THE LUTEAL PHASE CARD 3 |
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Definition
After 13 to 15 days, if fertilization and implantation have not occurred, the corpus luteum shuts down. Once it has stopped producing estrogen and progesterone, the final phase of the menstrual cycle begins. |
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PHASE THREE- THE "FLOW" PHASE (MENSTRATION) |
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Definition
Once the corpus luteum turns off, the uterus can no longer maintain its thickened walls. It starts to reabsorb most of the tissue that the progesterone encouraged it to grow. Since there is too much to reabsorb, a certain amount of it shed. This "sloughing off", or bleeding, is known as menstration. |
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Term
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Definition
In the follicular phase, the pituitary releases FSH, causin the follicle to grow. The follicle releases estrogen, which helps the endometrium to grow. Estrogen causes the pituitary to release LH, resulting in a luteal surge. This excess LH causes the follicle to burst, releasing the ovum during ovulation. The shed follicle becomes the corpus luteum, which produces progesterone. Progesterone, the "pregnancy hormone", enhances the endometrium, causing it to thicken with glands and bloodvessels. If fertilization does not occur after about 2 weeks, the corpus luteum dies, leading to menstruation- the sloughing off of uterine tissue.
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