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Meidical Terminology 2
Chapter 2
75
Medical
Undergraduate 1
07/11/2009

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Term
Aden/o
Definition
Gland
Term
Adip/o
Definition
Fat
Term
Anter/o
Definition
Front, or before
Term
Caud/o
Definition
Tail, or lower part of body
Term
Cephal/o
Definition
Head
Term
Cyt/o
Definition
Cell
Term
Endo-
Definition
Within
Term
Exo-
Definition
Out of
Term
Hist/o
Definition
Tissue
Term
-Ologist
Definition
Specialist
Term
-Ology
Definition
Study of
Term
Path/o
Definition
Disease
Term
-Plasia
Definition
Formation
Term
Poster/o
Definition
Back, or towards the back
Term
-Stasis
Definition
Term
Abdominal Cavity
Definition
Contains primarily the organs of digestion
Term
Adenectomy
Definition
Surgical removal of a gland
Term
Adenocarcinoma
Definition
A malignant tumor that orginates in glandular tissue
Term
Adenoma
Definition
A benign tumar that arises in the glands
Term
Adenosclerosis
Definition
Abnormal hardening of the gland(s)
Term
Anaplasia
Definition
The change of cells and in their orientation to each other
Term
Anatomy
Definition
Study of the structures of the body.
Term
Anomaly
Definition
A deviation from what is regarded as normal
Term
Anterior
Definition
Situated in front
Term
Apalsia
Definition
The defective development, or the absence of, an organ or tissue
Term
Bloodborne Transmission
Definition
The spread of disease through contact of blood or other bodily fluid.
Term
Caudal
Definition
Towards the lower part of the body
Term
Cephalic
Definition
Pertaining to the head
Term
Chromosomes
Definition
The genetic structures located within the nucleus of the cell
Term
Communicable disease
Definition
A contagious disease
Term
Congenital Disease
Definition
An abnormal disease that exists at time of birth
Term
Cytoplasm
Definition
The material within the cell membrane that is not the nucleus
Term
Distal
Definition
Situated farthest from the midline, or the begining of a structure
Term
Dorsal
Definition
Refers to the back of an organ or body
Term
Dysplasia
Definition
abnormal development of growth of cells, tissue, organs
Term
Endemic
Definition
Refers to the ongoing presences of a disease within a population
Term
Endocrine Glands
Definition
Glands that excrete hormones, they do not have ducts
Term
Epidemic
Definition
A sudden widespread outbreak of a disease witin a specific location
Term
Epigastric Region
Definition
Located above the stomach
Term
Etiology
Definition
The study of causes of disease
Term
Exocrine Glands
Definition
Glands that secrete chemicals into ducts that lead to other organs or out of the body
Term
Functional Disorder
Definition
Symptoms that are produced that do not have a cause, physiological or anatomical
Term
Genetic Disoder
Definition
A pathological condition cause by an absent or defective gene
Term
Geriatrician
Definition
A physician who specializes in the care of elderly people
Term
Hemophilia
Definition
A group of bleeding disorders in which blood clotting is factor is missing
Term
Histology
Definition
The study of tissue
Term
Homeostasis
Definition
The process which the body maintains a constant internal environment
Term
Hyperplasia
Definition
The enlargement of a tissue or organ due to an abnormal increase of cells in the tissues
Term
Hypertrophy
Definition
An increase in size of a body part or organ that is due to the cells enlarging
Term
Hypogastric Region
Definition
Located below the stomach
Term
Hypoplasia
Definition
The incomplete development of an organ or tissue due a deficiency in cells
Term
Iatrogenic Illness
Definition
Unfavorable response to a medication
Term
Idiopathic Disorder
Definition
An illness without a known cause
Term
Infectious Disease
Definition
An illness caused by living pathogenic organisms
Term
Inguinal
Definition
Relating to the groin
Term
Medial
Definition
The directon towards, or near the midline
Term
Mesentery
Definition
A double layer of parietal peritoneum that attaches the intestine to the abdomin wall
Term
Midsagittal Plane
Definition
(Midline) The sagittal plane that divides the body into equal left and right halves
Term
Nosocomial Infection
Definition
An illness that is aquired in a hospital.
Term
Pandemic
Definition
An outbreak of disease occuring over a large geographical area
Term
Pelvic Cavity
Definition
The space formed by the hip bones and primarily contains the organ of the reproductive system
Term
Peritoneum
Definition
A thin layer of membrane (tissue) that protects and holds the organs in place in a cavity
Term
Peritonitis
Definition
The inflammation of the peritoneum
Term
Phenylketonuria
Definition
(PKU) Is where a fundamental enzyme in the digestive system is missing
Term
Physiology
Definition
The study of functions and structures of the body
Term
Posterior
Definition
Situated in back
Term
Proximal
Definition
Situated near the midline or at the begining of a structure
Term
Retroperitoneal
Definition
Located behind the peritoneum
Term
Stem Cells
Definition
Unspecializes cells that can renew themseleves by dividing themselves
Term
Thoracic Cavity
Definition
Sourounds the lungs and heart (chest cavity, thorax)
Term
Transverse Plane
Definition
A horizontal plane that divides the body into superior and inferior portions
Term
Umbilicus
Definition
Belly button
Term
Vector-borne Transmission
Definition
The spread of certain disease by a vector (bite)
Term
Ventral
Definition
Front or the belly side of the organ or body
Term
Adenomalacia
Definition
Abnormal softening of a gland
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