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Medication Profiles
Medication Profiles
20
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
10/16/2010

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Cards

Term
Omeprazole (Prilosec)
(front of card)
Definition
Antiulcer
suppresses gastric secretion
Used for GERD & duodenal ulcers
Side Effects: headache, dizziness, asthenia, acid regurgitation
Adverse Reactions: Heart Failure, Hepatic Failure, Hematuria
Contraindication: Hypersensitivity
Dosage: PO 10-40mg daily
Assess: bowel sounds, abdomen pain, swelling
Give: Don't crush,chew. take before breakfast
Evaluation: Absence of epigastric Pain and swelling
(back of card)
Term
Prednisone (Winpred) (front of card)
Definition
Corticosteroid Decreases inflammation & increase capillary permeability Used for severe inflammation, dermatological disorders Side Effects: flushing, sweating, increased appetite Adverse Effects: Embolism, GI Hemorrhage, Thrombophlebitis Contraindication: Hypersensitivity, AIDS, TB, Non-asthmatic bronchiole disease Dosage: PO 25-300mg Assess: weight, B/P, Edema Give: with food or milk, Long term use = take every other day Evaluate: Ease of respiration and decreased inflammation (back of card)
Term
Cephalexin (Keflex)
(front of card)
Definition
Anti-infective
Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis= cell death
Used for Gram - (flu, e-coli) & Gram + (pneumonia, strep) bacteria in respiratory, urinary, skin, bone infections
Side Effects: Diarrhea, Anorexia, Dizziness
Adverse Reactions: Seizures, Renal failure, Anaphylaxis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins, not for infants under 1 month
Dosage: By injection and PO
Assess: Sensitivity to Penicillin & cephalosporins, increased BUN/Creatinine levels for nephrotoxicity
Give:with food and after culture and sensitivity for 10-14 days
Evaluation: Decreased symptoms of infection and negative C&S
(back of card)
Term
Nabumetone (Relafen)
(front of card)
Definition
NSAID
Analgesic, anti-inflammatory
Used for Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis. Acute and Chronic treatment
Side Effects: Dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue
Adverse Reactions: CHF, MI, Stroke
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to med, aspirins, iodides, asthma, NSAIDS
Dosage: PO 1g as single dose
Assess: Cardiac Status, GI status, Pain level
Administer: with food
Evaluation: decreased pain and stiffness in joints
(back of card)
Term
Docusate Sodium (Colace)
(front of card)
Definition
Laxative, Stool softener
Increases H20, fat penetration in intestine, allows passage of stool
Used to prevent dry, hard stools
Side Effects: Cramps, diarrhea, nausea
Adverse Reactions: None
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, Obstruction, Impaction
Dosage: Caps, Tabs, Oral Solution, Enema
Assess: Cause of constipation, cramping, rectal bleeding
Give: in morning or evening & dilute oral solution
Evaluation: Decrease in constipation
(back of card)
Term
Multivitamin (One-A-Day etc)
(front of card)
Definition
Vitamins
Needed for adequate metabolism
Used to prevent and treat vitamin deficiencies
Side Effects: None
Adverse Reactions: None
Contraindications: None
Dosage: PO & IV depending on dosage
Assess: For vitamin deficiency
Give: chew tabs, dilute solutions
Evaluation: Check for higher levels of vitamin in body
(back of card)
Term
Diazepam (Valium)
(front of card)
Definition
Antianxiety, Anticonvulsant, Skeletal muscle relaxant
Enhances Presympathetic inhibition
Used for anxiety, acute alcohol withdrawl, seizure disorders,
Side Effects: Dizziness, drowsiness, orthosatic hypotension
Adverse Reactions: Tachycardia, Respiratory depression
Contraindications: Pregnancy, Hypersensitivity, Alcohol intoxication, glaucoma
Dosage: PO 2-10mg IV 2-10mg
Assess:B/P lying, sitting, standing, pulse, respiration, degree of anxiety, alcohol withdrawl symptoms, physical dependency
Give: with food or milk, can crush if needed
Evaluate: Decreased anxiety, restlessness, insomnia
(back of card)
Term
Oxycodone (Percocet)
(front of card)
Definition
Opiate Analgesic
Increases pain threshold, Alters pain perception, Inhibits pathways
Used for moderate to severe pain
Side Effects: Drowsiness, Dizziness, Euphoria
Adverse Reactions: Respiratory Depression
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, Opiate Addiciton
Dosage: PO 10-30mg
Assess: Respirations, B/P, Pulse, Pain and location of pain, Euphoria, hallucinations
Give: PO Do not break,crush,chew
Evaluate: Decrease in pain
(back of card)
Term
Bupropion (Wellbutrin)
(front of card)
Definition
Antidepressant
Inhibits reuptake of dopamine
Used for treating depression and smoking cessation
Side Effects: Dizziness, Insomnia, Tachycardia, Hypertension
Adverse Reactions: Suicidal ideation, seizures, complete AV block
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, eating disorders, seizure disorders
Dosage: PO (as high as 300mg per day)
Assess: Suicidal tendencies, smoking cessation after 7-12wks
Give: Do not break,crush,chew. give with food. Not at night.
Evaluate: decreased depression, smoking cessation
(back of card)
Term
Dipyridamole (Persantine)
(front of card)
Definition
Coronary Vasodilator
Inhibits adenosine uptake= coronary vasodilation
Used for prevention of TIA's and MI's
Side Effects: Orthostatic Hypotension, Syncope, Dizziness, Headache
Adverse Reactions: MI, Bronchospasm
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity
Dosage: PO 50-75mg
Assess: B/P, pulse, check for orthostatic hypotension & Cardiac Status (pain and what aggrivates it)
Give: on empty stomach and give with 8oz water
Evaluate: Decreased platelet adhesion
(back of card)
Term
Amoxicillin (Amoxil)
(front of card)
Definition
Anti-infective, Anti-ulcer
Interferes with cell wall replication= cell death
Used to treat skin, respiratory, GI, Gonorrhea, Gram + infections
Side Effects: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, uticaria
Adverse Reactions: Seizures, Bone marrow depression, Anaphylaxis
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to Penicillins
Dosage: PO all ranges
Assess: Respiratory status, Anaphylaxis, Renal Function
Give: PO around the clock, may be mixed in liquid if needed.
Evaluate: Absence of infection, resolution of ulcer symptoms, prevention of Endocarditis
(back of card)
Term
Potassium Chloride (Micro-K)
(front of card)
Definition
Electrolyte, Mineral replacement
Needed for adequate transmission of nerve impulses & Cardiac Contraction
Used for prevention and treatment of hypokalemia
Side Effects: Nausea, vomiting, cramps, diarrhea
Adverse Reactions: Cardiac depression, Dysrhythmias, Cardiac Arrest
Contraindications: Hyperkalemia, Acute Dehydration, Extensive tissue breakdown, Renal disease
Dosage: Various
Assess: Potassium level during treatment, Cardiac status, Heart waves: PQRS
Give: PO don't break,crush,chew. with or after meals. IV: through large needle to decrease vein inflammation
Evaluate: Absence of fatigue, muscle weakness, decreased thirst, and urinary output, cardiac changes
(back of card)
Term
Diltiazem (Cardizem)
(front of card)
Definition
Calcium Channel Blocker
Inhibits Ca2+ influx causing relaxation of coronary smooth muscles and dilates coronary arteries
Used for Angina (chest pain) due to coronary artery spasm, hypertension
Side Effects: Headache, fatigue, drowsiness, edema
Adverse Reactions: dysrhythmia, CHF, Heart Block, Acute renal failure
Contraindications: Hypotension, pulmonary congestion, bleeding aneurysms
Dosage: PO 30-180mg
Assess: Cardiac status & B/P
Give: PO don't break,crush,chew. Take with full glass of water before meals at bedtime.
Evaluate: Decreased Angina & B/P
(back of card)
Term
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
(front of card)
Definition
Antilipidemic
Reduces cholesterol synthesis; high doses= plaque regression
Used to help with hypercholesterolemia, elevated triglyceride levels & Atherosclerosis
Side Effects: Cramps, Constipation, Diarrhea, Heartburn
Adverse Reactions: Liver dysfunction, Rhabdomyolysis (skeletal muscle breakdown)
Contraindications: Pregnancy, lactation, hypersensitivity, active liver disease
Dosage: PO 10-80mg a day
Assess: Diet, Cholesterol/triglyceride levels, hepatic studies, muscle pain
Give: Anytime during day w/o regard to meals
Evaluate: Decrease in cholesterol to goal level after 6wks
(back of card)
Term
Temazepam (Restoril)
(front of card)
Definition
Sedative- hypnotic
Produces CNS depression
Used for insomnia
Side Effects: Lethargy, Drowsiness, Daytime sedation
Adverse Reaction: Severe allergic reactions, Leukopenia
Contraindications: Pregnancy, lactation, hypersensitivity
Dosage: PO 7.5-30mg at bedtime
Assess: Mood status, blood studies (long term therapy)
Give: half an hour before bedtime, can be taken with food or on empty stomach for fast onset. Avoid taking with other CNS depressents
Evaluation: Ability to sleep at night
(back of card)
Term
Metformin (Glucophage)
(front of card)
Definition
Antidiabetic
Inhibits hepatic glucose production & increases sensitivity of insulin in peripheral tissues
Used for Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Side Effects: Dizziness, weakness, drowsiness
Adverse Reactions: Heart Failure, Lactic Acidosis
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, Alcoholism, MI
Dosage: PO 500-2550mg a day
Assess: Hypoglycemic reactions, Hyperglycemic reactions (after meals) and CBC
Give: PO don't break,crush,chew. take 2 a day with meals
Evaluate: Blood glucose at normal level, decrease in polyuria, and polydipsia
(back of card)
Term
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
(front of card)
Definition
Cardiac drug
Makes Ca2+ available for heart contraction= increased cardiac output
Used for heart failure, A-fib, atrial tachycardia
Side Effects: Headache, Hypotension
Adverse Reactions: Dysrhythmias, AV block
Contraindications: Hypersensitvity, Ventricular Fibrillation and tachycardia
Dosage: PO and IV
Assess: Apical pulse, electrolytes, renal function studies
Give: don't break,crush,chew. with foods high in potassium if needed
Evaluate: decreased weight,edema,pulse,respiration, and increased urine output
(back of card)
Term
Warfarin (Coumadin)
(front of card)
Definition
Anticoagulant
Interferes with blood clotting
Used for Arterial thromboembolism prophylaxis, strok, thrombosis prophylaxis
Side Effects: Fever, diarrhea, rash
Adverse Reactions: Hepatitis, Hematuria, Anaphylaxis
Contraindications: Pregnancy, Hypersensitivity, Hemophilia
Dosage: Tabs 1-10mg; Injection: 5.4mg
Assess: Blood studies frequently
Give: Take at same time everyday, take whole or crushed, avoid Intramuscular injections that could cause bleeding
Evlauate: Decrease of deep vein thrombosis
(back of card)
Term
Benzapril (Lotensin)
(front of card)
Definition
Antihypertensive
Supresses renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
Used for hypertension
Side Effects: insomnia, headache, dizziness
Adverse Reactions: Angioedema
Contraindication: Pregnancy, children, Hypersensitivity
Dosage: PO 10-80mg daily
Assess: Blood studies, B/P, Renal studies, Edema
Give: Do Not disconintue abruptly
Evaluate: Decrease in B/P
(back of card)
Term
Fuosemide (Lasix)
(front of card)
Definition
Loop Diuretic
Inhibits reabsorption of Na+ & Cl- in Loop of Henle (in kidney)
Used for pulmonary edema, CHF, Hepatic disease, Hypertension
Side Effects: Low mineral/electrolyte levels, Hyperglycemia, Polyuria
Adverse Reactions: Circulatory collapse, renal failure, anemia
Contraindication: Lactation, Hypersensitivity, Anuria, Electrolyte depletion
Dosage: PO 20-80mg daily
Assess: Hearing, confusion, B/P, Respiration
Give: In AM to avoid sleep disturbance (Polyuria), and give with potassium
Evaluate: Improvement in edema, increase urine output, decrease B/P, and decrease Ca2+ levels
(back of card)
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