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Medical Vocab Ch #02 Terms pertaining to the Body As A Whole
Medical Coding & Billing Word Structures & Vocab.
136
Medical
Undergraduate 1
04/28/2010

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Term
abdomen
Definition
The part of the trunk that lies between the thorax and pelvis
Term
abdominal
Definition
Pertaining to the abdomen.
Term
abdominal cavity
Definition
Area below diaphragm containing organs of digestion, spleen, kidneys
Term
adipose
Definition
Pertaining to fat.
Term
anabolic
Definition
Pertaining to casting up; building up substances (proteins) in the cell
Term
anabolism
Definition
Process: casting up (building-up complex materials {proteins}or synthesizing process in a cell)
Term
anterior
Definition
Pertaining to the front, Front surface of the body
Term
Cartilage
Definition
Flexible connective tissue attached to bones at joints that is firmer than muscle, yet softer than bone.
Term
catabolism
Definition
Process of breaking down complex materials (foods/sugars) to release energy
Term
caudad
Definition
Toward the tail or end of the body
Term
caudal
Definition
Pertaining to the coccyx bone
Term
cell membrane
Definition
The perimeter of a cell that protects the cell & controls what passes in or out
Term
cephalad
Definition
Toward the head, or the upper portion of the body or a structure
Term
cephalic
Definition
Pertaining to the head
Term
cervical
Definition
Pertaining to the neck of the body, or the uterus
Term
Chondroma
Definition
Benign tumor of cartilage.
Term
chondrosarcoma
Definition
Flesh tumor (malignant) of cartilage (tissue). All sarcomas are malignant (cancerous) tumors.
Term
chromosome
Definition
A body, usually that needs staining, that bears genes
Term
chromosomes
Definition
“Color bodies”; contain genetic material and are located in the nucleus of cell.
Term
coccygeal
Definition
Pertaining to the coccyx bone (tailbone)
Term
coccyx
Definition
tailbone; the small bone at the end of the vertebral column formed by fusion of 4 bones
Term
cranial cavity
Definition
The cavity in the head that houses the brain
Term
craniotomy
Definition
Incision of or cutting into the skull
Term
cytoplasm
Definition
Contents (formation) of the cell (apart from the nucleus and cell membrane).
Term
deep
Definition
Situated away from the surface
Term
diaphragm
Definition
Muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities
Term
disk (disc)
Definition
A pad of cartilage between vertebrae
Term
distal
Definition
Far from the point of attachment to the trunk or the beginning of structure
Term
dorsal
Definition
Pertaining to the back side of the body
Term
endoplasmic reticulum
Definition
Network of canals within the cell containing ribosomes
Term
epigastric
Definition
Above the stomach
Term
epigastric region
Definition
Upper middle region above the stomach
Term
epithelial cell
Definition
Cell covering the surface of the skin and inner lining of body cavities and tubes.
Term
epithelial cells
Definition
Outer surface of the skin & tissue forming the linings of internal organs
Term
frontal plane
Definition
Vertical plane dividing the body in to anterior & posterior views (coronal)
Term
genes
Definition
A functional unit of heredity that occupies a specific place on a chromosome
Term
histology
Definition
The study of cells, tissues and organs
Term
hypochondriac regions
Definition
Upper right & left region below the cartilage of the ribs extending over abdomen
Term
hypogastric
Definition
Below the stomach
Term
Iliac
Definition
Pertaining to the ilium (upper and largest portion of the hip/pelvic bone).
Term
inguinal
Definition
Pertaining to the groin.
Term
inguinal region
Definition
Lower right & left regions near the groin (where the legs join the trunk)
Term
intervertebral
Definition
Between two vertebrae
Term
karyotype
Definition
Photomicrograph of a single cell nucleus chromosomes (chromosomal map)
Term
larynx
Definition
Voice box
Term
lateral
Definition
On the side; farther from the median/midsagittal plane; Pertaining to the side
Term
lumbar region
Definition
Middle right and left regions near the waist
Term
Lumbosacral
Definition
Pertaining to the lower bones of the back (lumbar and sacral regions).
Term
medial
Definition
Pertaining to the middle or center; nearer the medial plane of the body
Term
mediastinum
Definition
Centrally located space between the lungs
Term
metabolism
Definition
The total of the chemical processes in the cell. (Anabolism and catabolism)
Term
mitochondria
Definition
Structures in the cytoplasm in which foods are burned to release energy
Term
nucleic
Definition
Pertaining to the nucleus
Term
nucleus
Definition
Control center of the cell. Contains chromosomes.
Term
pelvic
Definition
Pertaining to the pelvis (bones in the region of the hip).
Term
pelvic cavity
Definition
Area in which portions of the small & large intestines, rectum, urinary organs
Term
peritoneum
Definition
Double-folded membrane surrounding the abdominal cavity
Term
pharynx
Definition
Throat, passageway for food and air
Term
pituitary gland
Definition
Endocrine gland at the base of the brain
Term
pleura
Definition
Double-folded membrane surrounding each lung
Term
pleural cavity
Definition
Space surrounding each lung
Term
posterior
Definition
Pertaining to the back, dorsal, behind.
Term
prone
Definition
Lying on the belly
Term
proximal
Definition
Pertaining to near the point of attachment to the trunk or near the beginning of a structure
Term
sacral
Definition
Pertaining to region of the sacrum, lower back (S1 to S5)
Term
sacrum
Definition
Bone below the lumbar area of the spine composed of 5 fused bones
Term
sagittal plane
Definition
Vertical plane dividing the body into right and left sides
Term
sarcoma
Definition
Tumor of flesh tissue (malignant).
Term
spinal
Definition
Pertaining to the spine, backbone.
Term
spinal column
Definition
Backbone or vertebrae extending from head to the coccyx; around the spinal cord
Term
spinal cord
Definition
Nervous tissue within the spinal cavity
Term
superficial
Definition
On the surface
Term
supine
Definition
Lying on the back
Term
thoracic
Definition
Pertaining to the chest.
Term
thoracic cavity
Definition
Space in chest containing heart, lungs, bronchial tubes, trachea, & other organs
Term
thoracotomy
Definition
Incision through the chest wall into the pleural space
Term
thyroid gland
Definition
Endocrine gland that surrounds the trachea in the neck
Term
trachea
Definition
"Windpipe" , tube leading from the throat to the bronchial tubes
Term
tracheal
Definition
Pertaining to the trachea (windpipe)
Term
transverse plane
Definition
Horizontal plane running across body parallel to ground, forming upper & lower
Term
umbilical
Definition
Pertaining to the navel.
Term
umbilical region
Definition
Region of the navel or umbilicus
Term
ureter
Definition
Tubes (2) that conducts the urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder
Term
urethra
Definition
The canal leading from the bladder, discharging the urine externally
Term
uterus
Definition
The womb. The organ that holds the embryo/fetus as it develops
Term
ventral
Definition
Pertaining to the front (belly side of the body)
Term
vertebrae
Definition
More than one backbone(s)
Term
vertebral
Definition
Pertaining to the vertebra/vertebrae
Term
viscera
Definition
Internal organs
Term
visceral
Definition
Pertaining to the internal organs
Term
abdomin/o
Definition
abdomen
Term
adip/o
Definition
fat
Term
anter/o
Definition
front
Term
bol/o
Definition
to cast (throw)
Term
cervic/o
Definition
neck (of the body or of the uterus)
Term
chondr/o
Definition
cartilage (type of connective tissue)
Term
chrom/o
Definition
color
Term
coccyg/o
Definition
coccyx (tailbone)
Term
crani/o
Definition
skull
Term
cyt/o
Definition
cell
Term
dist/o
Definition
far, distant
Term
dors/o
Definition
back portion of the body
Term
hist/o
Definition
tissue
Term
ili/o
Definition
ilium (upper part of the pelvic bone)
Term
inguin/o
Definition
groin
Term
kary/o
Definition
nucleus
Term
later/o
Definition
side
Term
lumb/o
Definition
loins, lower back (side and back between the ribs and pelvis)
Term
medi/o
Definition
middle
Term
nucle/o
Definition
nucleus
Term
pelv/i
Definition
pelvis
Term
poster/o
Definition
back/ behind
Term
proxim/o
Definition
nearest
Term
sacr/o
Definition
sacrum
Term
sarc/o
Definition
flesh, connective tissue
Term
spin/o
Definition
spine, backbone
Term
thel/o
Definition
nipple
Term
thorac/o
Definition
chest
Term
trache/o
Definition
trachea, windpipe
Term
umbillic/o
Definition
navel, umbilicus
Term
ventr/o
Definition
belly side of the body
Term
vertebr/o
Definition
vertebra(e), backbone(s)
Term
ana-
Definition
up, apart, backward
Term
cata-
Definition
down
Term
epi-
Definition
upon, above
Term
hypo-
Definition
deficient, below, under, less than normal
Term
inter-
Definition
between
Term
meta-
Definition
1.) change, 2.)beyond
Term
-eal
Definition
pertaining to
Term
-iac
Definition
pertaining to
Term
-ior
Definition
pertaining to
Term
-ism
Definition
process, condition
Term
-ose
Definition
pertaining to, full of
Term
-plasm
Definition
formation, growth
Term
-somes
Definition
bodies
Term
-type
Definition
picture classification
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