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Medical Terminology--Ch.14
Ch. 14 terms
70
Medical
Undergraduate 2
11/29/2011

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Term
Peyronie's disease
Definition
aka penile curvature; a form of sexual dysfunction in which the penis is bent or curved during erection
Term
Andropause
Definition
is often referred to as male menopause; marked by the decrease of male hormone testosterone
Term
Epididymitis
Definition
inflammation of the epididymis that is frequently caused by the spread of infection from the urethra or the bladder
Term
hydrocele
Definition
a fluid-filled sac in the scrotum along the spermatic cord leading from the testicles
Term
priaplsm
Definition
a painful erection that lasts 4 hours or more but is not accompanied by sexual excitement. caused by medications or blood-related diseases
Term
test
Definition
testicle
Term
varicocele
Definition
a knot of varicose veins in one side of the scrotum
Term
azoospermia
Definition
the absence of sperm in the semen
Term
hemospermia
Definition
the presence of blood in the seminal fluid. caused by infections of the seminal vesicles, prostatitis, or urethral structures
Term
orchidectomy
Definition
also spelled orchiectomy; the surgical removal of one or both testicles
Term
orchiopexy
Definition
endoscopic surgery to move an undescended testicle into its normal position in the scrotum
Term
-pexy
Definition
surgical fixation
Term
vasovasostomy
Definition
aka vasectomy reversal; a procedure performed as an attempt to restore fertility to a vasectomized male
Term
chlamydia
Definition
caused by bacterium chlamydia trachomatis; the most commonly reported STD in the US. It is highly contagious and requires early treatment with antibiotics
Term
vagin
Definition
vagina
Term
gonorrhea
Definition
a highly contagious condition caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. In women it affects the cervix, uterus, and fallopian tubes. In men it affects the urethra by caused painful urination and abnormal discharge.
Term
syphilis
Definition
caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum; has many symptoms that are difficult to distinguish from other STDs. It is highly contagious and is passed from person to person through direct contact with sores caused from the disease.
Term
trichomoniasis
Definition
aka trich; an infection caused by the protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis; one of the most common symptoms in women is a thin frothy yellow-green foul-smelling vaginal discharge. men often have no symptoms.
Term
menarche
Definition
the beginning of the menstrual function
Term
men
Definition
menstruation
Term
perimenopause
Definition
the term used to designate the transition phase between regular menstrual periods and no periods at all
Term
gynec
Definition
female
Term
obstetrician
Definition
a physician who specializes in providing medical care to women during pregnancy, childbirth, and immediately thereafter
Term
ovariorrhexis
Definition
the rupture of an ovary
Term
polycystic ovary syndrome
Definition
aka Stein-Leventhal syndrome; a condition caused by a hormonal imbalance in which the ovaries are enlarged by the presence of many cysts formed by incompletely developed follicles
Term
endometriosis
Definition
a condition in which patches of endometrial tissue escape the uterus and become attached to other structures in the pelvic cavity
Term
metrorrhea
Definition
an abnormal discharge, such as mucus or pus, from the uterus
Term
uterine prolapse
Definition
aka pelvic floor hernia; the condition in which the uterus slides from its normal position in the pelvic cavity and sags into the vagina
Term
cervical dysplasia
Definition
aka precancerous lesions; the growth of abnormal cells in the cervix, which can be detected by a Pap smear. without early detection and treatment these cells can become malignant.
Term
Cervicitis
Definition
an inflammation of the cervix that is usually caused by an infection
Term
cervic
Definition
cervix
Term
endocervicitis
Definition
an inflammation of the mucous membrane lining of the cervix
Term
leukorrhea
Definition
a profuse whitish mucus discharge from the uterus and vagina
Term
colp
Definition
vagina
Term
pruritus vulvae
Definition
a condition of severe itching of the external female genitalia
Term
fibroadenoma
Definition
a round firm rubbery mass that arises from excess growth of glandular and connective tissue in the breast
Term
fibrocystic breast disease
Definition
the presence of single or multiple benign cysts in the breasts. this condition occurs more frequently in older women
Term
glactorrhea
Definition
the production of breast milk in a woman who is not breastfeeding
Term
mastalgia
Definition
aka mastodynia; pain in the breast
Term
mast
Definition
breast
Term
amenorrhea
Definition
an abnormal absence of menstrual periods for 3 or more months
Term
men/o
Definition
menstruation
Term
dysmenorrhea
Definition
pain caused by uterine cramps during a menstrual period
Term
hypomenorrhea
Definition
an unusually small amount of menstrual flow during a shortened regular menstrual period
Term
menometrorrhagia
Definition
aka intermenstrual bleeding; excessive uterine bleeding at both the usual time of menstrual periods and at other irregular intervals
Term
colposcopy
Definition
the direct visual examination of the tissues of the cervix and vagina
Term
hysterosalpingography
Definition
a radiographic examination of the uterus and fallopian tubes
Term
hysteroscopy
Definition
the direct visual examination of the interior of the uterus and fallopian tubes
Term
ovariectomy
Definition
aka an oophorectomy; the surgical removal of one or both ovaries
Term
ovari
Definition
ovary
Term
salpingo-oophorectomy
Definition
the surgical removal of a fallopian tube and ovary
Term
colpopexy
Definition
aka vaginofixation; the surgical fixation of a prolapsed vagina to a surrounding structure such as the abdominal wall
Term
hysterectomy
Definition
the surgical removal of uterus
Term
mastopexy
Definition
mammoplasty to affix sagging breasts in a more elevated position
Term
nulligravida
Definition
a woman who has never been pregnant
Term
-pexy
Definition
surgical fixation
Term
nulli-
Definition
none
Term
-gravida
Definition
pregnant
Term
nullipara
Definition
a woman who has never borne a viable child
Term
-para
Definition
to bring forth
Term
primipara
Definition
a woman who has borne one viable child
Term
colostrum
Definition
a specialized form of mild that delivers essential nutrients and antibodies in form that the newborn can digest. Colostrum is produced by the mammary glands in late pregnancy and during the first few days after giving birth
Term
Apgar score
Definition
a scale of 1-10 to evaluate a newborn infant's physical status at 1 and 5 minutes after birth
Term
ectopic pregnancy
Definition
aka extrauterine pregnancy; a potentially dangerous condition in which a fertilized egg is implanted and begins to develop outside of the uterus
Term
preeclampsia
Definition
aka pregnancy induced hypertension or taxemia is a complication of pregnancy characterized by hypertension, edema, and proteinuria
Term
eclampisa
Definition
a more serious form of preeclampsia; characterized by convulsions and sometimes coma. treatment is delivery of the fetus
Term
placenta previa
Definition
the abnormal implantation of the placenta in the lower portion of the uterus.
Term
chorionic villus sampling
Definition
is the examination of cells retrieved from the chorionic villi, which are minute, vascular projections on the chorion. This test is performed between the 8th and 10th weeks of pregnancy to search for genetic abnormalities in the developing fetus
Term
amniocentesis
Definition
a surgical puncture with a needle to obtain a specimen of amniotic fluid
Term
episiotomy
Definition
a surgical incision made through the perineum to enlarge the vaginal orifice to prevent tearing of the tissues as the infant moves out of the birth canal
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