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Medical Terminology
Chapter 1
190
Medical
Not Applicable
02/10/2016
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Term
Anterior ( ventral )
 Definition
front of body
Term
posterior ( dorsal )
 Definition
back of body
Term
Deep
 Definition
Away from the surface
Term
Superfical
 Definition
towards the surface
Term
Basic elements of a medical word
 Definition
word root, combining form, suffix, prefix
Term
Combining form
 Definition
is a word root + a combining vowel.
Term
Hyper-
 Definition
excessive
Term
pre-
 Definition
before
Term
post-
 Definition
after
Term
homo-
 Definition
same
Term
hypo-
 Definition
under
Term
cardi/o
 Definition
heart
Term
gastr/o
 Definition
stomach
Term
hepat/o
 Definition
liver
Term
nephr
 Definition
kidney
Term
oste/o
 Definition
bone
Term
Hemat/o
 Definition
blood
Term
-logy
 Definition
process of study
Term
electr/o
 Definition
electricity
Term
cardi/o
 Definition
heart
Term
-gram
 Definition
record
Term
gastr/o
 Definition
stomach
Term
-itis
 Definition
inflammation
Term
enter/o
 Definition
intestines
Term
-ic
 Definition
pertaining to
Term
aden/o
 Definition
gland
Term
arthr/o
 Definition
joint
Term
bi/o
 Definition
life
Term
carcin/o
 Definition
cancerous/cancer
Term
cardi/o
 Definition
heart
Term
cephal/o
 Definition
head
Term
cerebr/o
 Definition
cerebrum
Term
cis/o
 Definition
to cut
Term
crin/o
 Definition
to secrete
Term
Cyst/o
 Definition
urinary bladder
Term
cyt/o
 Definition
cell
Term
derm/o or dermat/o
 Definition
skin
Term
electr/o
 Definition
electricity
Term
encephal/o
 Definition
brain
Term
eneter/o
 Definition
intestines
Term
erytjr/o
 Definition
red
Term
gastr/o
 Definition
stomach
Term
glyco/o
 Definition
sugar
Term
gnos/o
 Definition
Knwoledge
Term
gynec/o
 Definition
women/ female
Term
hemat/o or hem/o
 Definition
blood
Term
hepat/o
 Definition
liver
Term
iatr/o
 Definition
treatment/physician
Term
leuk/o
 Definition
white
Term
log/o
 Definition
study of
Term
nephr/o
 Definition
kidney
Term
neruo/o
 Definition
nerve
Term
onc/o
 Definition
tumor
Term
ophthalm/o
 Definition
eye
Term
oste/o
 Definition
bone
Term
path/o
 Definition
disease
Term
ped/o
 Definition
child
Term
psych/o
 Definition
mind
Term
radi/o
 Definition
x-rays
Term
ren/o
 Definition
kidney
Term
rhin/o
 Definition
nose
Term
sarc/o
 Definition
flesh
Term
sect/o
 Definition
to cut
Term
thromb/o
 Definition
clot,clotting
Term
ur/o
 Definition
urinary tract, urine
Term
-ac
 Definition
pertaining to
Term
-al
 Definition
pertaining to
Term
-algia
 Definition
pain
Term
-cyte
 Definition
cell
Term
-ectomy
 Definition
excision, removal
Term
-emia
 Definition
blood condition
Term
-genic
 Definition
produced by or in
Term
-globin
 Definition
protein
Term
-gram
 Definition
record
Term
-ic,ical
 Definition
pertaining to
Term
-ion
 Definition
process
Term
-ist
 Definition
specialist
Term
-itis
 Definition
inflammation
Term
-logy
 Definition
process of study
Term
-oma
 Definition
tumor,mass, swelling
Term
-opsy
 Definition
process of viewing
Term
-osis
 Definition
condition,usually abnormal
Term
-pathy
 Definition
disease condition
Term
-scope
 Definition
instrument to visually examine
Term
-scopy
 Definition
process of visually examining
Term
-sis
 Definition
state of; condition
Term
-tomy
 Definition
process of cutting
Term
-y
 Definition
process, condition
Term
a-, an-
 Definition
no,not, without
Term
aut-, auto
 Definition
self, own
Term
dia-
 Definition
through, complete
Term
end-, endo-
 Definition
within
Term
epi-
 Definition
above, upon
Term
ex-
 Definition
out
Term
exo-
 Definition
outside of, outward
Term
hyper-
 Definition
excessive, above, more
Term
hypo-
 Definition
deficient, below, under, less
Term
in-
 Definition
into, in
Term
peri-
 Definition
surrounding, around
Term
pro-
 Definition
before, forward
Term
re-
 Definition
back, backward, again
Term
retro-
 Definition
behind
Term
sub-
 Definition
below, under
Term
trans-
 Definition
across, through
Term
anter/o
 Definition
front
Term
bol/o
 Definition
to cast, throw
Term
cervic/o
 Definition
neck ( of the body or uterus )
Term
-somes
 Definition
bodies
Term
-types
 Definition
picture, classification
Term
-plasm
 Definition
formation
Term
-ism
 Definition
process,condition
Term
-eal
 Definition
pertaining to
Term
-iac
 Definition
pertaining to
Term
-ior
 Definition
pertaining to
Term
-ose
 Definition
pertaining to
Term
meta-
 Definition
change
Term
inter-
 Definition
between
Term
hypo-
 Definition
below
Term
epi-
 Definition
above
Term
cata-
 Definition
down
Term
ana-
 Definition
up
Term
viscer/o
 Definition
internal organs
Term
vertebra/o
 Definition
vertebra(e), backbones
Term
ventr/o
 Definition
belly side of body
Term
umbilic/o
 Definition
umbilicus,navel
Term
trache/o
 Definition
windpipe, trachea
Term
thorac/o
 Definition
chest
Term
thel/o
 Definition
nipple
Term
spin/o
 Definition
spine, backbone
Term
sarc/o
 Definition
flesh
Term
cell membrane
 Definition
separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment.

permeable and controls the movement in and out of cell.
Term
nucleus
 Definition
contains the majority of the cells genetic material in the form of dna molecules organized into chromosomes
Term
chromosomes
 Definition
thread like structures located inside the nucleus of an animal and plant cells
Term
cytoplasm
 Definition
the fluid that fills the cells
Term
genes
 Definition
the basic physical and function unit of heredity
Term
karyotype
 Definition
the number and appereance of chromosomes in the nucleus cell
Term
mitochondria
 Definition
"the power house of the cell" because they generate most of the cell's energy supply
Term
catabolism
 Definition
breaking down molecules for energy
Term
endoplasmic reticulum
 Definition
forms and interconnected network which connects to the nucleus.
Term
structural organization of the body
 Definition
cells are specialized to carry out individual functions.

-muscle
-epithelial
-fat
-nerve
Term
tissues
 Definition
a group of cells working together

4 types
-epithelial
-muslces
-connective
-nerve
Term
epithelial tissues
 Definition
line the cavities and surface of blood vessels and organs throughoutthe body
Term
muscle tissue
 Definition
a soft tissue that composes muscles and gives rise to muscle ability to contract.
Term
connective tissue
 Definition
connects, supports, binds, separates other tissues
Term
nerve tissues
 Definition
brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves
Term
organs
 Definition
a part of a organism that is typically self contained and has a specific vital function, such as the heart or liver
Term
viscera
 Definition
the internal organism the main cavaties of the body, esp those in abdomen
Term
systems
 Definition
the human body is mad up of several organ systems that work together as one unit.
Term
body cavities
 Definition
spaces within the body that contains internal organs ( viscera )
Term
dorsal
 Definition
located on the posterior portion of the body
Term
ventral
 Definition
located on the anterior portion of the body
Term
disk ( disc)
 Definition
found between vertebrae and are composed of two parts.
Term
slipped disk ( herniated disk )
 Definition
occurs when the jelly pushes out through a crack in the outer tough portion
Term
chondr/o
 Definition
cartilage
Term
chrom/o
 Definition
color
Term
coccyg/o
 Definition
coccyx (tail bone)
Term
crani/o
 Definition
skull
Term
cyt/o
 Definition
cell
Term
dist/o
 Definition
far, distant
Term
dors/o
 Definition
back portion of the body
Term
hist/o
 Definition
tissue
Term
inguin/o
 Definition
groin
Term
ili/o
 Definition
ilium ( of the pelvic bone )
Term
kary/o
 Definition
nucleus
Term
later/o
 Definition
side
Term
lumb/o
 Definition
lower back
Term
medi/o
 Definition
middle
Term
nucle/o
 Definition
nucleus
Term
pelv/i
 Definition
pelvis
Term
poster/o
 Definition
back, behind
Term
proxim/o
 Definition
nearest
Term
sacr/o
 Definition
sacrum
Term
superior
 Definition
above
Term
inferior
 Definition
below
Term
distal
 Definition
far from mid torso
Term
proximal
 Definition
close to mid torso
Term
superficial
 Definition
towards the surface
Term
deep
 Definition
away from the surface
Term
posterior ( dorsal )
 Definition
back of body
Term
anterior ( ventral )
 Definition
front of body
Term
suphalic
 Definition
towards the head
Term
lateral
 Definition
away from middle
Term
medial
 Definition
towards the middle
Term
supine
 Definition
laying down faced up
Term
prone
 Definition
laying down faced down
Term
sagital plane
 Definition
divides the body into two parts length wise, right and left
Term
frontal coronal plane
 Definition
divides the body into front and back sections from top to bottom
Term
transverse plane
 Definition
divides the body into superior/cephallic and inferior/caudal portions.
Term
abdomin/o
 Definition
abdomin
Term
adip/o
 Definition
fat
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