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Medical Terminology
Chapter 5 and 6
162
Medical
Undergraduate 1
09/28/2013

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Term
Nas/o
Definition
Nose
Term
rhin/o
Definition
Nose
Term
sept/o
Definition
nasal septum
Term
sinus/o
Definition
paranasal sinuses
Term
pharyng/o
Definition
pharynx
Term
laryng/o
Definition
larynx (voicebox)

warms, humifdifies and filters air
Term
phon/o
Definition
voice
Term
epiglottis
Definition
covers entrance to larynx

prevents food from passing into it
Term
phren/o
Definition
diaphragm
Term
phrenospasm
Definition
hiccups
Term
mediastinum
Definition
central portion of chest cavity, space between lungs
Term
pleural cavity
Definition
space separating the layers of the pleura
Term
pansinusitis
Definition
generalized inflamation of all the sinuses
Term
-pnea
Definition
breathing
Term
a-
Definition
without
Term
-stenosis
Definition
narrowing or constricting
Term
Epistaxis
Definition
Nosebleed
Term
Pertussis
Definition
Whooping cough
Term
paroxysms
Definition
sudden periodic attacks
Term
Croup
Definition
acute obstruction of larynx
Term
stridor
Definition
high-pitched sound that accompanies inspiration produced by blocked airways
Term
eu-
Definition
normal
Term
orthopnea
Definition
ability to breathe only when in an upright position
Term
atel/o
Definition
imperfect or incomplete
Term
-ectasis
Definition
stretching or expansion
Term
coni/o
Definition
dust
Term
purul/o
Definition
pus
Term
lobar pneumonia
Definition
fluid, blood cells, and other debris consolidate and solidify within the alveoli of one or more lobes
Term
bronchopneumonia
Definition
caused by either infection or by impaired ventilation from such disorders as cancer or mucous plug.
Term
nosocomial infection
Definition
an infection acquired during hospitalization
Term
laryngoscopy
Definition
visual examination of the larynx
Term
What device helps sleep apnea?
Definition
CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure)
Term
Nebulizer
Definition
a device that delivers medication via a mist
Term
auscultation
Definition
when listening through a stethoscope
Term
percussion
Definition
tapping of the body with the fingertips to determine the size, borders, and density of an internal organ by the sound obtained
Term
ventilation/perfusion scanning
Definition
radiographic filming of the blood vessels in the lung following injection or inhalation of a contrast medium;
Term
Mantoux skin test
Definition
can indicate exposure to tuberculosis
Term
atelectasis
Definition
incomplete expansion or collapse of the alveoli.
Term
ren/o
Definition
kidney
Term
nephr/o
Definition
kidney
Term
vesic/o
Definition
bladder
Term
azot/o
Definition
urea
Term
-uria
Definition
condition of urine
Term
pyel/o
Definition
renal pelvis
Term
incontinence
Definition
the inability to control bladder and/or bowels
Term
urinary retention
Definition
abnormal accumulation of urine in the bladder due to an inability to urinate
Term
urinary suppression
Definition
a sudden stoppage of the formation of urine altogether.
Term
diuresis
Definition
increased urination
Term
anuria
Definition
absence of urine
Term
dysuria
Definition
difficult or painful urination
Term
noct/i
Definition
night
Term
nocturia
Definition
night urination
Term
oliguria
Definition
scanty urination
Term
enuresis
Definition
involuntary urination (bed-wetting)
Term
polyuria
Definition
excessive urination
Term
symptom of diabetes mellitus
Definition
Glycosuria
Term
cystitis
Definition
bladder is inflamed
Term
pyelitis
Definition
Inflammation of the renal pelvis
Term
sepsis
Definition
microorganisms can enter the bloodstream
Term
-emia
Definition
blood condition
Term
renal calculus
Definition
kidney stones
Term
hydronephrosis
Definition
condition where ureter is blocked
Term
-megaly
Definition
means enlargement
Term
cystocele
Definition
a protrusion or herniation of the urinary bladder
Term
ureterocele
Definition
a protrusion or herniation of the ureter distally into the bladder
Term
ureterostenosis
Definition
a narrowing of the ureter
Term
urethral stenosis
Definition
a narrowing of the urethra.
Term
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)
Definition
therapy for kidney stones
Term
-rrhaph
Definition
to suture
Term
end-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Definition
kidneys can no longer function to remove waste materials from the bloodstream.
Term
Hemodialysis (HD)
Definition
the use of an artificial kidney machine to remove impurities from the blood
Term
Peritoneal dialysis (PD)
Definition
involves the introduction of a peritoneal catheter and a special solution into the abdomen.
Term
orchid/o
Definition
testicle
Term
seminiferous tubules
Definition
200 or more cone-shaped lobules that contain tiny coiled tubes
Term
Interstitial cells of Leydig
Definition
the connective and supportive (stromal) tissue of the testes
Term
vas/o
Definition
vessel or duct
Term
Prostate gland
Definition
secretes an alkaline substance that both protects sperm from urethral and vaginal acidity and enhances sperm motility
Term
balan/o
Definition
glans penis
Term
andr/o
Definition
male
Term
cryptorchidism
Definition
when a testicle does not drop
Term
azoospermia
Definition
lack of live sperm
Term
oligospermia
Definition
sperm present in the semen
Term
spermatolysis
Definition
Dissolution or destruction of sperm
Term
-cele
Definition
hernia
Term
benign prostatic hyperplasia
Definition
Causes an elevated level of prostate protein
Term
mucopurulent
Definition
pus filled ureathral discharge
Term
orchiopexy
Definition
surgery that corrects cryptorchidism
Term
surgical ligation
Definition
tying off the organ
Term
gynec/o
Definition
female
Term
oophor/o
Definition
ovary
Term
ov/o
Definition
egg
Term
estrogen and progesterone
Definition
two hormones ovaries produce
Term
hyster/o
Definition
uterus
Term
metr/o
Definition
uterus
Term
Cx
Definition
cervix
Term
salping/o
Definition
fallopian tube
Term
fimbriae
Definition
Fringe-like projections on the outer end of the falopian tube
Term
colp/o
Definition
vagina
Term
mons pubis
Definition
pad of fatty tissue and thick skin that overlies the connection of two pubic bones in women
Term
perineum
Definition
area between the vagina and the anus
Term
labia minora
Definition
lie within the labia majora to house the urethral and vaginal orifices
Term
Bartholin's gland
Definition
provides a mucous secretion to lubricate the vagina
Term
Breast
Definition
accessory structure of the female reproductive system, composed of glandular, fatty, and fibrous tissue
Term
lactiferous ducts
Definition
breastmilk ducts
Term
Menarche
Definition
first menstrual cycle
Term
menstration
Definition
shedding of built-up endometrial lining that occurs each month that an ovum is not fertilized
Term
Hormone replacement therapy
Definition
relieves menopause problems
Term
dyspareunia
Definition
painful intercourse
Term
fistula
Definition
abnormal opening between two organs
Term
mammory papilla
Definition
breast nipple
Term
vulva
Definition
external genitals of vagina
Term
mast/o
Definition
breast
Term
GYN
Definition
genecology
Term
salpingo-oophorectomy
Definition
excision of the uterine (fallopian) tube and ovary
Term
colporrhaphy
Definition
suture of the vagina
Term
hymenectomy
Definition
excision of the hymen
Term
hysterectomy
Definition
excision of the uterus
Term
myomectomy
Definition
excision of a fibroid tumor from the uterus
Term
curettage
Definition
scraping of the endometrium
Term
stereotactic breast biopsy
Definition
technique that combines mammography and computer-assisted biopsy to obtain tissue from a breast lesion
Term
A&P repair
Definition
anterior and posterior colporrhaphy
Term
mammogram
Definition
radiographic image of the breast
Term
colposcope
Definition
an instrument used for visual examination of the vagina (and cervix)
Term
episi
Definition
vulva
Term
.
Definition
Term
culd-
Definition
Douglas cul-de-sac
Term
conization
Definition
cone biopsy
Term
sentinel lymph node biopsy
Definition
procedure that uses an injection of blue dye and/or radioactive isotope to identify metastases of breast cancer
Term
cervicectomy
Definition
excision of the cervix
Term
hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy
Definition
surgical procedure that excises the uterus, ovaries, and uterine tubes
Term
colpoplasty
Definition
Surgical repair of the vagina
Term
hysteropexy
Definition
Surgical fixation of the uterus
Term
salpingostomy
Definition
creation of an artificial opening in the uterine tube
Term
hysteroscopy
Definition
visual examination of the uterus or uterine cavity
Term
colposcopy
Definition
visual examination of the cervix and vagina
Term
culdocentesis
Definition
a surgical puncture to remove fluid from a patient's rectouterine pouch
Term
colpoperineorrhaphy
Definition
a procedure to suture a perineal vaginal tear
Term
mastopexy
Definition
surgical fixation of the breast
Term
Sonohysterography
Definition
Ultrasound of uterus
Term
Hysterosalpingography
Definition
an X-ray test that examines the inside of uterus and fallopian tubes and the surrounding area.
Term
Laparoscopy
Definition
a surgical procedure in which a fiber-optic instrument is inserted through the abdominal wall to view the organs in the abdomen or to permit a surgical procedure.
Term
ovulation
Definition
Expulsion of a mature ovum from an ovary
Term
fertilization
Definition
conception
Term
embryo
Definition
unborn offspring from implantation to the end of the eighth week of pregnancy
Term
amniotic sac
Definition
membranous bag that surrounds the fetus before delivery
Term
placenta
Definition
structure that grows on the wall of the uterus during pregnancy and allows for nourishment of the unborn child
Term
-partum
Definition
childbirth
Term
-natal
Definition
birth
Term
nulli-
Definition
none
Term
nullipara
Definition
no births (a woman who has not given birth to any offspring, whether viable or stillborn.)
Term
Puerpera
Definition
mother who has just given birth
Term
multigravida
Definition
many pregnancies (a woman who has been pregnant two or more times)
Term
neonate
Definition
new birth
Term
OB
Definition
Obstetrics

medical specialty dealing with pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium
Term
EDD
Definition
expected/estimated date of delivery
Term
NB
Definition
newborn
Term
puerperium
Definition
the period of time following childbirth during which the reproductive organs return to normal
Term
chorion
Definition
outtermost layer of the amniotic sac
Term
amnion
Definition
innermost layer of the amniotic sac
Term
meconium
Definition
first stool of newborn
Term
Colostrum
Definition
thin milky fluid secreted by the breast during pregnancy and during the first days after birth before lactation begins.
Term
lochia
Definition
Vaginal discharge following birth and lasting several weeks
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