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Medical Terminology
NEU exam prep
531
Medical
Graduate
06/24/2012

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
a-
an-
Definition
absent, deficient, lack of (atrophy, aplasia = no organ/tissu development, anaplasia = cells lose differentiation during malignancy)
Term
ab-
Definition
away from (absent, abduct)
Term
abdomin-
Definition
relating to abdomen (abdominal)
Term
-able
Definition
capable of (viable)
Term
acou-
Definition
related to hearing (acoustic)
Term
ad-
Definition
toward, to (adduct)
Term
alb(o)-
albin(o)-
Definition
white (albumin)
Term
-algia
Definition
pain (neuralgia)
Term
ambi-
Definition
both (ambidextrous)
Term
angio-
Definition
pertaining to vessels, blood or lymph (angiology)
Term
ante-
Definition
in front of, prior to (antebrachium=forearm)
Term
anti-
Definition
opposite, against (anticoagulant)
Term
aque-
Definition
water (aqueous)
Term
arthr-
Definition
joint (arthritis, arthralgia)
Term
-iasis
Definition
condition or state of, can be unhealthy (capillariasis = infection of capillaries)
Term
aud-
Definition
hearing (auditory)
Term
auto-
Definition
self (autolysis)
Term
bi-
Definition
two (bipedal)
Term
bio-
Definition
life (biopsy)
Term
blast-
Definition
pertaining to process of budding (blastocyst)
Term
brachi-
Definition
arm (brachialis = muscle in brachium)
Term
brady-
Definition
slow (bradycardia)
Term
bucc-
Definition
cheek (buccal cavity)
Term
calc-
calcan(o)
Definition
stone (calculus)
Term
carcin-
Definition
cancer (carcinogen)
Term
cardi-
Definition
heart (cardiac)
Term
cata-
Definition
down, reverse, degenerative (catabolism)
Term
caud-
Definition
towards the tail, inferior position (caudal)
Term
cephal-
Definition
towards the head (cephalic)
Term
cerebro-
Definition
brain (cerebrum in particular; ex cerebrospinal fluid)
Term
chol-, chole-
Definition
bile (cholic)
Term
chondr-
Definition
cartilage (chondrocyte)
Term
-cide
Definition
destroy (germicide)
Term
circum-
Definition
around, circular (circumduct = movement of appendage)
Term
co-
Definition
together (copulation)
Term
coel-
Definition
primitive body cavity, develops into pleura, peritoneum, pericardium (coelom)
Term
-cele
Definition
hernia, swelling, enlarged space or cavity (hydrocele)
Term
contra-
Definition
against, opposite (contraception)
Term
corp-
Definition
body (corpus)
Term
crypt-
Definition
hidden (cryptorchidism)
Term
cyan-
Definition
blue (cyanosis = blue coloration to skin/mucus membranes)
Term
cysto-
Definition
urinary bladder, sac, cyst (cystoscope)
Term
cyto-
Definition
cell (cytology)
Term
de-
Definition
 without (descent)
Term
derm-
Definition
skin (dermatology)
Term
di-
Definition
two (diarthrotic = type of synovial joint)
Term
dipl-
Definition
double (diploid)
Term
dis-
Definition
apart, away from, in two (disarticulate = separate bones at joint)
Term
dur-
Definition
hard (dura mater)
Term
dys-
Definition
painful (dysentery, dysuria, dysplasia = abnormal cell division)
Term
ec-
Definition
outside, outer, external (ectoderm)
Term
-ectomy
Definition
surgical removal (tonsillectomy)
Term
ede-
Definition
swelling (edema)
Term
-emia
Definition
pertaining to condition of blood (hypoxemia, anemia)
Term
en-
endo-
Definition
within (endoderm, encephalitis, endocarditis)
Term
entero-
Definition
intestine (enteritis)
Term
epi-
Definition
upon, above (epidermis, epicardium = outer layer of heart tissue)
Term
erythro-
Definition
red (erythrocyte)
Term
ex-
exo-
Definition
out of, from, away from (excise, exocrine)
Term
extra-
Definition
outside (extracellular)
Term
fasci-
Definition
flat band (fascia)
Term
fiss-
Definition
split (fissure)
Term
-form
Definition
in the shape/form of (fusiform)
Term
gastro-
Definition
of the stomach (gastric)
Term
-gen
Definition
an agent that produces, precursor of (pathogen)
Term
-genic
Definition
producing, forming, produced by (carcinogenic, pathogenic)
Term
gloss-
Definition
tongue (glossopharyngeal)
Term
glyco-
Definition
pertaining to sugar (glycosuria = sugar in urine)
Term
-gram
Definition
a recording, record by instrument (electrocardiogram)
Term
gran-
Definition
grain, particle (granuloma = collection of macrophages)
Term
-graph
Definition
recording instrument (telegraph)
Term
gravi-
Definition
heavy (gravid = pregnant)
Term
gyn-, gyneco-
Definition
female (gynecology)
Term
hem(at)-
Definition
blood (hematology)
Term
hemi-
Definition
half (hemiplegia = paralysis on one side of body, hemianopsia = loss of vision in 1 eye)
Term
hepat-
Definition
liver (hepatitis)
Term
hetero-
Definition
different, other (heterosexual)
Term
histo-
Definition
tissue (histology)
Term
holo-
Definition
whole, entire (holocrine = secretion from lysis of entire cell)
Term
homo-
Definition
same, alike (homologous)
Term
hydro-
Definition
water (hydrocele)
Term
hyper-
Definition
above, excessive (hypertension)
Term
hypo-
Definition
under, below (hypoxia)
Term
-ia, -iasis
Definition
abnormal state or condition (hypoglycemia)
Term
-iatrics
Definition
medical specialties (pediatrics)
Term
idio-
Definition
self, separate, peculiar to (idiopathic = arising spontaneously or with unknown cause)
Term
ilio-
Definition
ilium of pelvis (iliosacral)
Term
infra-
Definition
in a position beneath the denoted structure (infraspinatous)
Term
inter-
Definition
between, among (interosseus
Term
intra-
Definition
within, inside (intracellular)
Term
-ion
Definition
process (acromion)
Term
-ism
Definition
condition, disease, state (dimorphism)
Term
iso-
Definition
equal, like (isotonic)
Term
-itis
Definition
inflammation (tendonitis)
Term
labi-
Definition
lip (labium majus)
Term
lacri-
Definition
tears (lacrimal apparatus)
Term
later-
Definition
side (lateral)
Term
leuk-
Definition
white, WBC (leukocyte)
Term
lip-
Definition
fat (lipid)
Term
-logy
Definition
science of (morphology)
Term
-lysis
Definition
destruction of, dissolve (hemolysis = lysis of RBC)
Term
macro-
Definition
large, great (macrophage)
Term
mal-
Definition
ill, bad, abnormal, disorder (malignant)
Term
medi-
Definition
middle (medial)
Term
megal(o)-, -megaly
Definition
large, oversized, great (megakaryocyte, cardiomegaly)
Term
meta-
Definition
after, beyond, subsequent to, hindmost (metatarsal)
Term
micro-
Definition
small (microtome)
Term
mono-
Definition
alone, one, single (monocyte)
Term
morph-
Definition
shape, form (morphology)
Term
multi-
Definition
many, much (multicellular)
Term
myo-
Definition
muscle (myopathy, myosin)
Term
narc-
Definition
numbness, stupor (narcolepsy, narcotic)
Term
necro-
Definition
dead, corpse (necrosis)
Term
neo-
Definition
new, young (neonatal)
Term
nephr-
Definition
relating to kidneys (nephritis)
Term
neuro-
Definition
nerve, nerve tissue, nervous system (neurolemma = type of cell)
Term
-oid
Definition
resembling (sigmoid)
Term
oligo-
Definition
a few, small # (oligodendrocyte)
Term
-oma
Definition
tumor or neoplasm, actual growth typically benign (lymphoma)
Term
oo-
Definition
egg (oocyte)
Term
or-
oro-
Definition
mouth (oral)
Term
orchi-
Definition
testicle (orchiectomy)
Term
ortho-
Definition
straight, normal, in order (orthopnea = dyspnea relieved by standing up)
Term
-ory
Definition
pertaining to (sensory)
Term
osteo-
Definition
bone (osteoblast)
Term
oto-
Definition
ear (otolith = calcareous concentration in ear))
Term
ovo-
Definition
egg (ovum)
Term
para-
Definition
near, beside, abnormal (paranasal)
Term
path-
Definition
disease (pathology)
Term
-pathy
Definition
abnormality, disease, degenerative state (neuropathy)
Term
ped-
Definition
children (pediatrician)
Term
-penia
Definition
deficiency (thrombocytopenia = loss of platelets )
Term
per-
Definition
through (percutaneous)
Term
peri-
Definition
near, around, enclosing (pericardium = sac containing heart)
Term
phag-
Definition
to eat (phagocyte)
Term
-phage
Definition
eating, devouring (macrophage)
Term
platy-
Definition
flat, width (platysma = broad, thin layer of muscle)
Term
-plegia
Definition
paralysis (paraplegia)
Term
-pnea
Definition
pertaining to breathing, respiration (tachypnea)
Term
pneumo-
Definition
lung, air or gas (pneumonia)
Term
pod-
Definition
foot (podiatry)
Term
-poiesis
Definition
production, formation of (hemopoiesis = formation of RBC)
Term
poly-
Definition
many, much (polyploid)
Term
post-
Definition
after, behind, posterior (postnatal)
Term
pre-
Definition
anterior, before in time or place (prenatal)
Term
pro-
Definition
before in time or place (prophase)
Term
proct-
Definition
anus (proctology)
Term
pseudo-
Definition
false, deceptive resemblance (pseudostratified)
Term
psycho-
Definition
mind, mental (psychology)
Term
pyo-
Definition
accumulation/discharge of pus (pyorrhea)
Term
quad(ri)-
Definition
fourfold (quadriceps)
Term
re-
Definition
backward, again (repolarization)
Term
recto-
Definition
rectum or straight (rect-)
Term
ren-
Definition
kidney (renal)
Term
retro-
Definition
backward, behind (retroperitoneal)
Term
rhin-
Definition
nose (rhinitis)
Term
-rrhagia
Definition
excessive or unusual discharge/flow of blood typically (menorrhagia = condition, hemorrhage = process)
Term
-rrhea
Definition
flow, discharge (diarrhea)
Term
sanguin-
Definition
blood (sanguineous)
Term
sarco-
Definition
flesh, muscular substance (sarcoma = connective tissue neoplasm)
Term
-scope
Definition
instrument for exam/observing (stethoscope)
Term
-sect
Definition
cut (dissect, bisect)
Term
semi-
Definition
half, partly (semilunar)
Term
-sis
Definition
process or action (dialysis)
Term
steno-
-stenosis
Definition
narrowing, constriction (stenosis)
Term
-stomy
Definition
artificial/surgical opening (tracheostomy)
Term
sub-
Definition
beneath, less than normal, inferior (subcutaneous)
Term
super-
Definition
in excess, above, more than normal (superficial)
Term
supra-
Definition
position above the part, over (supraspinatous)
Term
syn-, sym-
Definition
joined, together (synapse, pubic sympysis)
Term
tachy-
Definition
fast, swift, rapid (tachypnea)
Term
tele-
Definition
far, at a distance (telencephalon)
Term
tetra-
Definition
four (tetrad)
Term
therm-
Definition
heat (thermogram)
Term
thorac-
Definition
chest, thorax (thoracic cavity)
Term
thrombo-
Definition
lump, blood clot, coagulation (thrombocyte = platelet)
Term
-tomy
Definition
a cutting operation (appendectomy)
Term
trans-
Definition
across (transfuse)
Term
tri-
Definition
three (trigone = triangular area in bladder)
Term
trich-
Definition
hair, hairlike structure (trichology)
Term
-trophy -trophic
Definition
nutritional state (hypertrophy = increase in bulk, size not cell #, hypotrophy = degeneration of organ/tissue by loss of cells, atrophy = tissue/organ degeneration by descreased cell size)
Term
-tropic
Definition
Affecting or attracted to something specified (gonadotropic)
Term
ultra-
Definition
beyond, excess (ultrasonic)
Term
uni-
Definition
one (unicellular)
Term
-uria
Definition
pertaining to urine (polyuria = excessive urinatio)
Term
uro-
Definition
urine, urinary organs/tract (uroscope)
Term
vas-
Definition
blood vessel (vasoconstriction)
Term
-phil
Definition
have an affinity for, craving for (neutrophil)
Term
phleb-
Definition
vein (phlebitis)
Term
-phobia
Definition
fear of (hydrophobia)
Term
-plasty
Definition
reconstruction of, reshape defect to make functional (rhinoplasty)
Term
viscer-
Definition
organ (visceral, viscus = internal organ)
Term
atresia
Definition
congenital absence of normal opening (anal atresia)
Term
resection
Definition
surgical procedure to remove a part of an organ/structure (pancreatic resection)
Term
-pexy
Definition
surgical fixation (hysteropexy = fixation of misplaced uterus)
Term
-ac
Definition
pertaining to (cardiac)
Term
-al, -ary
Definition
pertaining to (caudal)
Term
-ic, -tic, -ive
Definition
pertaining to (otic)
Term
-logic
Definition
pertaining to (hematologic disease)
Term
-logy
Definition
study of (cardiology)
Term
crin-
Definition
to secrete (endocrinology)
Term
esthesio-
Definition
feeling or sensation
Term
gera-, gero-, geronto-
Definition
eldery or aged (geriatrics)
Term
immuno-
Definition
immune (immunology)
Term
obstetr-
Definition
reproductive tract and children (obstetrics)
Term
onco-
Definition
tumor (oncology)
Term
ophthalmo-
Definition
eye (ophthalmology)
Term
radi-
Definition
radiology
Term
rheumat-
Definition
pertaining to joints, soft tissue, autoimmune (rheumatology)
Term

-ectasis

-ectasia

Definition
dilation or stretching (atelectasis = collapse of lung, bronchiectasis = widening of bronchi, lymphangiectasia)
Term
-edema
Definition
swelling (blepharedema = swelling of eyelids)
Term
-emesis
Definition
vomit (hyperemesis)
Term
-malacia
Definition
soft (tracheomalacia = flaccid trachea)
Term
-rrhexis
Definition
rupture (enterorrhexis)
Term
-spasm
Definition
twitching, cramp
Term
-stasis
Definition
cessation of flow (hemostasis)
Term
-meter
Definition
instrument to measure (thermometer)
Term
-scopy
Definition
visual examination (arthroscopic = scoping of joint)
Term
algesio-, alge-
Definition
sensitivity to pain (algesiometer)
Term
chem(o)-
Definition
chemical (chemotherapy)
Term
esthesi(o)
Definition
feeling or sensation (anesthesiologist)
Term
cry(o)-
Definition
cold (cryotherapy)
Term
-centesis
Definition
surgical puncture to aspirate (amniocentesis)
Term
-pexy
Definition
surgical fixation (uteropexy)
Term
-rrhaphy
Definition
suture (urethrorrhaphy)
Term
-tripsy
Definition
surgical crushing (histotripsy)
Term
aden(o)
Definition
gland (adenopathy)
Term
append(o)
Definition
appendix (appendectomy)
Term
blephar(o)
Definition
eyelid (blepharitis)
Term
encephal(o)
Definition
brain (enchephalitis, megalencephaly)
Term
chir(o)
Definition
hand (chiropractor)
Term
col(o), colon(o)
Definition
colon (colonoscopy)
Term
cutane(o)
Definition
skin (transcutaneous)
Term
mamm(o), mast(o)
Definition
breast (mammography, mastectomy)
Term
stetho(o)
Definition
thorax, chest (stethoscope)
Term
trache(o)
Definition
trachea (tracheomalacia)
Term
tonsill(o)
Definition
tonsils (tonsillitis)
Term
lith(o)-
-lith
Definition
stone, calculus, calcification (litholapaxy)
Term
-mania
Definition
excessive preoccupation (orchidomania)
Term
-osis
Definition
condition, often abnormal (halitosis)
Term
-phobia
Definition
fear of (hydrophobia)
Term
-ptosis
Definition
prolapse "to fall out of place", sagging (mastoptosis)
Term
-ia, -ism
Definition
condition (hyperthyroidism)
Term
-iac
Definition
one who suffers from (hypochondriac)
Term
-ous
Definition
pertaining to (serous)
Term
-y
Definition
state or condition (hypertrophy)
Term
leps(o), -lepsy
Definition
seizure (epilepsy)
Term
phas(o)
-phasia
Definition
speech (aphasia = communication disorder)
Term
-plasia
Definition
formation, development (achondroplasia, hyperplasia = increase in # cells, hypoplasia = underdeveloped organ, tissue/incomplete growth, aplasia = organ missing, neoplasia = abnormal proliferation)
Term
schis(o)
schiz(o)
schist(o)
Definition
split, cleft (schizoblepharia)
Term
-schisis
Definition
splitting, cleft (retinoschisis = splitting of retina)
Term
scler(o)
-sclerosis
Definition
hard (angiosclerosis, scleroderma = fibrosis of flesh)
Term
troph(o)
Definition
nutrition (hypertrophy = increase in size of cells and therefore tissue, organ, etc; hypotrophy = loss of cells; trophoblast = cells provide nutrients to embryo)
Term
melan(o)
Definition
black (melanocyte)
Term
xanth(o)
Definition
yellow
Term
muscul(o)
Definition
muscle
Term
nas(o)
Definition
nose
Term
seps(o)
sept(i)
sept(o)
Definition
infection (septic)
Term
vir(o)
Definition
virus
Term
pan-
Definition
all (pandemic)
Term
dia-
Definition
through (diaphragm)
Term
ipsi-
Definition
same (ipsilateral = located on or affecting same side of body)
Term
eu-
Definition
good, normal (eugenics)
Term
tachy-
Definition
fast, rapid (tachycardia)
Term
anter(o)
Definition
nearer or towards the front
Term
poster(o)
Definition
nearer toward back
Term
ventr(o)
Definition
belly side
Term
dors(o)
Definition
directed toward or situated on back side
Term
infer(o)
Definition
lowermost of below
Term
proxim(o)
Definition
nearer the origin or point of attachment
Term
dist(o)
Definition
farther or more distant from origin or site of attachment
Term
acr(o)
Definition
extremities (acromegaly)
Term
axill(o)
Definition
armpit (axillary gland)
Term
crani(o)
Definition
cranium
Term
dactyl(o)
Definition
entire digit (polydactyly)
Term
encephal(o)
Definition
brain (hydroencephalitis)
Term
herni(o)
Definition
hernia
Term
omphal(o)
umbilic(o)
Definition
navel (omphalocele = intestines out of navel)
Term
pelv(i)
Definition
pelvis
Term
peritone(o)
Definition
peritoneum = membrane lining abdominal wall (peritonitis)
Term
som(a)
somat(o)
Definition
body (somatosensory cells)
Term
spin(o)
Definition
spinal (spina bifida)
Term
hidr(o)
Definition
sweat, sweat glands (hidrocystoma = sweat gland, hidrosis = sweating)
Term
muc(o)
Definition
mucus (nasal mucosal cell)
Term
-phylaxis
Definition
protection (prophylactic = preventing disease, anaphylaxis)
Term
ana-
Definition
up, again, back, excessive (anaphylactic shock)
Term
arter(o) arteri(o)
Definition
artery (arteriosclerosis = formation of hard plaque)
Term
-ptysis
Definition
spitting (hemoptysis)
Term
-nulli
Definition
none
Term
aden(o)
Definition
gland (adenoma = benign glandular tumor)
Term
bronch(i)
bronch(o)
Definition
bronchus (bronchitis)
Term
carp(o)
Definition
carpal, wrist (carpoptosis = wrist drop)
Term
cheil(o)-
Definition
lip (cheilitis = lip swelling, cheilosis = drying/cracking of lips)
Term
colp(o)
Definition
vagina, hollow (colpocele = hernia protruding into vagina)
Term
core- coro-
Definition
pupil (corectomy = removal of part of iris)
Term
cost(o)-
Definition
ribs (costochondritis = inflammation of costal cartilage)
Term
dent(o)-
Definition
teeth
Term
duoden(o)-
Definition
duodenum = first division of small intestine (duodenitis)
Term
esophag(o)-
Definition
esophagus (esophageal cancer)
Term
fibr(o)-
Definition
fiber (angiofibrosis = fibrosis of walls of blood vessels)
Term
gangli(o)
Definition
selling, aggregation of nerve cell bodies (dorsal root ganglion)
Term
humer(o)-
Definition
humerus
Term
hyster(o)-
Definition
uterus (hysterectomy)
Term
kerat(o)-
Definition
cornea or horny tissue/cells (hyperkeratosis = thickening of horny cell layer in epidermis)
Term
lumb(o)-
Definition
loin, lumbar area
Term
pancreat(o)-
Definition
pancreatic (pancreatitis)
Term
phalang(o)-
Definition
bones of tones and digits (proximal/intermediate/distal) (aphalangia = congenital absence of digit or one or more phalanx bones)
Term
pharyng(o)-
Definition
pharynx (pharyngitis)
Term
acid(o)
Definition
acidosis
Term
adip(o)
Definition
fat (adiposis = obesity)
Term
ile(o)-
Definition
ileum (ileum = third portion of small intestine)
Term
ischi(o)-
Definition
ischium (posterior portion of hip bone)
Term
laryng(o)-
Definition
larynx (laryngomalacia)
Term
myel(o)-
Definition
spinal cord, bone marrow (myelodysplasia = developmental issue in CNS)
Term
pancreat(o)-
Definition
pancreas (pancreatolith)
Term
phalang(o)-
Definition
phalanx, phalanges = toes and fingers (aphalangia = missing digit)
Term
pharyng(o)
Definition
pharynx (pharyngocele = herniation)
Term
pleur(o)-
Definition
pleura, side (pleaur = lining of chest, pleuritis/pleurisy = inflammation )
Term
pub(o)-
Definition
pubis bone
Term
retin(o)
Definition
retina (retinectomy = removal of piece of retina)
Term
salping(o)-
Definition
fallopian tube (salpingioma = tumor of uterus)
Term
spermat(o)-
Definition
sperm (spermatogenesis)
Term
splen(o)-
Definition
spleen (asplenia = congenital/surgical absence of spleen)
Term
stern(o)-
Definition
sternum (sternalgia = pain in sternum)
Term
stomat(o)-
Definition
mouth (stomatalgia)
Term
trache(o)-
Definition
trachea (tracheomalacia)
Term
tympan(o)-
Definition
eardrum (tympanoplasty)
Term
-asthenia
Definition
weakness (myasthenia gravis = neuromuscular disease causing weakness)
Term
-dynia
Definition
pain (cardiodynia)
Term
-desis
Definition
binding, fusion (arthrodesis = fusion of joints)
Term
-kinesia
-kinesis
Definition
movement, motion (dyskinesia = difficulty performaing voluntary movements)
Term
-ole
Definition
small (arteriole)
Term
-orexia
Definition
appetite (anorexia)
Term
-sarcoma
Definition
malignant tumor from connective tissue (adenosarcoma)
Term
-stalsis
Definition
contraction (peristalsis)
Term
-tropic
-tropin
Definition
stimulating, that which stimulates (gonadotropin)
Term
-stasis
Definition
stopping, controlling (hemostasis = stop bleeding)
Term
oophor(o)
Definition
ovary (oophoropexy)
Term
ischemia
Definition
local loss of blood supply b/c of obstruction (myocardial ischemia)
Term

infarct

infarction

Definition
local necrosis from lack of blood supply (myocardial infarction)
Term
angina
Definition
intense, suffocating, spasmodic pain (angina pectoris = chest pain)
Term
cholecyst(o)-
Definition
gallbladder (cholecystolithiasis = gallbladder stones)
Term
-tension
Definition
pressure within vessels (hypertension)
Term
laparo-
Definition
abdomin or abdominal wall (laparoscopy)
Term
dysphagia
Definition
trouble swallowing
Term
epistaxis
Definition
nosebleed
Term
nephrolithiasis
Definition
SIS denotes condition of stones in kidney
Term
olig-
Definition
few, scanty (oliguria = little urine, oligomenorrhea)
Term
hematuria
Definition
blood in urine
Term
balan(o)-
Definition
head of penis (belanoplasty)
Term
colp(o)-
Definition
vagina (colpoplasty)
Term
laparohysteropexy
Definition
when two structures fixed to one another - denote both
Term
myositis
Definition
inflammation of muscles
Term
eclampsia
Definition
condition of pregnancy with hypertension, seizures, etc
Term
-chezia
Definition
defecation (hematochezia)
Term
-cipit
Definition
head (bicipital = two headed)
Term
-cytosis
Definition
more than normal # of cells ( granulocytosis)
Term
-desis
Definition
fusion (ankle arthrodesis)
Term
-dynia
Definition
pain (otodynia = earache)
Term
-flexion
Definition
bending (anteflexion, tenoflexion - abnormal organ bending forward)
Term
-iasis
Definition
unhealthy condition, state - can be interchanged with -osis ( broncholithiasis)
Term
-ictal
Definition
seizure (postictal = following seizure)
Term
-ism
Definition
condition (hypothyroidism)
Term
-kinesia
-kinesis
Definition
movement (dyskinesia = difficult voluntary movement)
Term
-opia
Definition
referring to vision (nearsightedness = myopia)
Term
-oxia
Definition
oxygen (hypoxia)
Term
-paresis
Definition
partial or incomplete paralysis = weakness (quadriparesis = weakness in all 4 limbs )
Term
-pareunia
Definition
intercourse (dyspareunia = painful intercourse)
Term
-parous
Definition
to give birth (viviparous)
Term
-phylax, -phylaxis
Definition
protects against infection (anaphylaxis)
Term
atresia
Definition
congenital absence of hole (anal atresia)
Term
-tropic
-tropin
Definition
having affinity for (gonadotropin = has effects on gonads, gastrotropic disease)
Term
adenocarcinoma
adenoma
adenomyoma
Definition
carcinoma = malignant
oma = tumor, neoplasm
myoma = arising from muscles
Term
-febrile
Definition
fever (afebrile vs febrile)
Term
-opia
Definition
vision
Term
ankylo-
Definition
bent, crooked, fixed (ankylogossia fusion of tongue to floor of mouth)
Term
athero-
Definition
soft, pasty (atherosclerosis = arteriosclerosis characterized by lipid deposits leading to calcifications = limited blood flow)
Term
aur- auriculo- aural
Definition
external ear (preauricular = anterior to auricle of ear)
Term
bil(i)-
Definition
bile (bilirubin = yellow bile pigment)
Term
brachi(o)-
Definition
arm (brachiocephalic lymph)
Term
carpal
Definition
relating to wrist (carpal tunnel)
Term
col(o)-
Definition
colon (colonoscopy)
Term
corn- cornu-
Definition
horn (stratum corneum = horny layer of nail)
Term
-ectopia
ectop-
Definition
out of normal anatomical position (adenectopia, angiectopia)
Term
embolus
Definition
plug occluding a vessel, made of bacteria, cholesterol, or thrombus (embolism, pulmonary emolism, atheroembolism)
Term
cort-
cortico-
Definition
cortex = outer portion of organ (adrenal cortex)
Term
gluco-
Definition
relating to glucose, sugar(gluconeogenesis)
Term
glyco-
Definition
relating to sugars (glycogen, glycogenic cardiomegaly = caused by sugar storage)
Term
gonado-
Definition
gonads, sex glands (agonadal, gonadotropin)
Term
-stasis
-stat
Definition
arresting of, stagnation of (hemostasis caused by hemostat = any agent arresting flow from open vessel)
Term
im-
in-
Definition
not (impermeable)
Term
inguin(o)-
Definition
groin (inguinoscrotal = referring to groin and scrotum)
Term
lymphadeno-
lymphangio-
Definition
lymph node (lymphadenoma)
lymph vessels
Term
mening(o)-
Definition
membranes covering brain and spinal cord (meningitis)
Term
onych(o)-
Definition
nails (onychomycosis = nail infection)
Term
splanchn(o)-
Definition
viscera, organs (splanchnocele = hernia of any abdominal organs, splanchnolith = intestinal calculus)
Term
spondyl(o)-
Definition
vertebra (sing) vertebrae (pl) (spondylomalacia)
Term
tympan(i)
tympan(o)
Definition
middle ear (tympanic membrane, tympanoplasty)
Term
steat(o)-
Definition
fat (steatorrhea = fat in feces)
Term
aer(o)-
Definition
air (aerosinusitus)
Term
acanth(o)-
Definition
spine or thorn (acanthoma)
Term
amph- amphi-
Definition
on both sides (amphicentric)
Term
andr(o)-
Definition
pertaining to man (androgen)
Term
aniso-
Definition
unequal (anisocytosis)
Term
apo-
Definition
away from, off (apoptosis)
Term
articul(o)-
Definition
joint (articulation)
Term
atri(o)-
Definition
atrium (atrioventricular)
Term
aux(o)-
Definition
increase, growth (auxocardia)
Term
blast(o)-
Definition
germ or bud (blastomere)
Term
brachy-
Definition
short or little (brachycephalic)
Term
burs(o)-
Definition
fluid sac between bones (bursa, bursitis)
Term
cerebell(o)-
Definition
cerebellum
Term
cervic-
Definition
cervix, or neck (cervical cancer)
Term
chrom(ato)-
Definition
color (hemochromatosis = accumulation of iron in body)
Term
clast
Definition
break (osteoclast)
Term
coron(o)-
Definition
crown (coronal section)
Term
dacryo-
Definition
tear as in cry (dacryoadenitis = inflammation of lacrimal gland, dacryocyst = tear sac)
Term
-dipsia
Definition
condition of thirst (polydipsia = excessive thirst)
Term
episi(o)-
Definition
vulva (episiotomy = cut into perineum)
Term
faci(o)-
Definition
of or pertaining to face
Term
fossa
Definition
hollow or depressed area
Term
front-
Definition
pertaining to forehead (frontal bone)
Term
gingiv-
Definition
pertaining to gums (gingivitis)
Term
irid(o)-
Definition
iris (iridectomy)
Term
-ismus
Definition
spasm, contraction (hemiballismus = movement disorder)
Term
kary(o)-
Definition
nucleus
Term
kyph(o)-
Definition
humped (kyphoscoliosis)
Term
lacrim(o)-
Definition
tear, tear glands (lacrimal gland)
Term
mammilla
Definition
actual nipple (mammilla)
Term
mamm(o)-
Definition
breast, mammary gland (mammary glan)
Term
mero-
Definition
part (merocrine = glad releases product without part of gland)
Term
meso-
Definition
middle (mesoderm = middle tissue layer)
Term
myring(o)-
Definition
eardrum (myringitis)
Term
myx(o)-
Definition
mucus (amyxorrhea = absence of normal mucus)
Term
neur(o)-
Definition
pertaining to the nervous system (neurofibromatosis)
Term
ocul(o)-
Definition
of or pertaining to the eye (oculodynia)
Term
pachy-
Definition
thick (pachyderma)
Term
papill-
Definition
resembling a nipple (papillary gland)
Term
-pepsia
Definition
relating to digestion (dyspepsia = upset stomach)
Term
phallo-
Definition
penis (phallus)
Term
phren(i)
phren(o)-
phrenico
Definition
the mind (phrenic nerve, schizophrenia)
Term
prot(o)-
Definition
first or most important (protoplasm)
Term
psor-
Definition
itching (psoriasis)
Term
scoli(o)-
Definition
twisted (scoliosis)
Term
-spadias
Definition
slit, fissure (hypospadias) = urethra split before end of penis along bottom vs epispadias
Term
-staxis
Definition
dripping, trickling (epistaxis = bloody nose
Term
-tony
Definition
tension (isotonic)
Term
top(o)-
Definition
place, topical
Term
-ule
-ole
-ula
Definition
small (arteriole, nodule)
Term
urin(o)-
Definition
urinary
Term
varic(o)-
Definition
swollen or twisted vein (varicose vein)
Term
vascul(o)-
Definition
blood vessel (vasoconstriction)
Term
ven-
Definition
pertaining to viens (vena cava, venospasm)
Term
-version
Definition
turning (anteversion = rotated forward, inversion)
Term
xen(o)-
Definition
foreign (xenograft)
Term
xer(o)-
Definition
dry (xerostomia = dry mouth)
Term
mal-
Definition
bad
Term
fibr(o)-
Definition
fiber (fibromyalgia)
Term
ameb-
Definition
change (ameba)
Term
astr-
Definition
star shaped (astrocyte)
Term
basi-
Definition
base, or at base of (basifacial = bottom of face)
Term
benign
Definition
mild, not cancerous
Term
ceco-
Definition
cecum (first part of large intestine)
Term
celi(o)-
Definition
belly or abdomen (celiocentesis, celiac disease)
Term
cilia
Definition
eyelash
Term
-clast
Definition
break (osteoclast =
Term
dendr-
Definition
branching, tree-like (dendtrite)
Term
dynamo-
-dynam
Definition
strength, power (adynamia = lack of motor function or strength)
Term
ependym(o)-
Definition
lines central canal of spinal cord, brain ventricles (ependymitis)
Term
eury-
Definition
broad, wide, opposite of stenosis (eurycephalic, aneuryism = abnormal widening of artery due to weakness)
Term
fiss-
Definition
a furrow, cleft, split (fissure)
Term
fistula
Definition
abnormal passage between organ, tissue, intestines (anal fistula = opening from rectum to outside before sphincter)
Term
bifurcation
Definition
splitting into two branches
Term
glom-
Definition
ball (glomerulus = ball of capillaries)
Term
lept(o)-
Definition
light, thin, frail (leptocephaly = tall, narrow cranium)
Term
lig-
Definition
ligament
Term
macul(o)-
Definition
spot, part of retina (macular degeneration)
Term
malign-
Definition
occuring in severe form, metastasis of neoplasm (malignant)
Term
osmo-
Definition
smell (osmometer)
Term
pect-
Definition
chest (pectus excavatum)
Term
parietal pleura
Definition
lines thorax and organs within it (parietal)
Term
phon(o)-
Definition
voice, voice sounds (aphonia = loss of voice)
Term
-phragm
Definition
septum or barrier betwen cavities (diaphragm, mesophgram = M-line)
Term
plexus
Definition
braid, network of interjoining vessels, nerves, or lymph vessels (brachial plexus - nerves)
Term
rachi-
Definition
spinal column (rachischisis = failure to close during development)
Term
radicul(o)-
Definition
nerve roots (radiculopathy)
Term
ramus
Definition
major branch (ramus dorsalis = major terminal nerve branch)
Term
sept(o)-
Definition
septum, wall, fence (interventricular septum)
Term
tars(o)-
Definition
ankle (tarsal, metatarsal)
Term
-blast
Definition
precursor to cell denoted in prefix (dermoblast)
Term
-iatrics
-iatry
Definition
medical profession
Term
fungi-
myco-
Definition
fungus (onychomycosis)
Term
staphylo-
Definition
grapelike cluster
Term
strepto-
Definition
twisted
Term
dysplasia
Definition

abnormal development

change in size, shape, organization of cells

Term
hyperplasia
Definition
increased cell division = proliferation of cell number
Term
hypertrophy
Definition
increased in organ volume due to increased cell size
Term
hypoplasia
Definition
incomplete development of organ due to decreased number of cells, less severe than aplasia
Term
hypotrophy
Definition
degeneration of organ or tissue due to loss of cells
Term
anaplasia
Definition
rapid, abnormal cell growth (reversion of differentiation) characteristic of malignancy
Term
atrophy
Definition
wasting away of part of organ or tissue often due to disuse, nerve damage, poor blood supply
Term
aplasia
Definition
organ or tissue does not develop
Term
calc(i)-
Definition
calcium (hypercalcemia = too much calcium in blood)
Term
natr(o)-
Definition
sodium (hypernatremia = elevated sodium in blood)
Term
kal(i)-
Definition
potassium (hyperkalemia = high potassium in blood)
Term
endocardio-
Definition
endocardium (innermost tissue lining chambers of heart)
Term
myocardio-
Definition
myocardium (found in walls and fundamental foundation of heart)
Term
epicardio-
Definition
epicardium (outermost layer of heart)
Term
pericardium
Definition
double-walled sac containing heart
Term
lymphat(o)-
Definition
lymphatics
Term
myos(o)-
Definition
muscle (myositis = inflammation of skeletal muscles)
Term
-poietin
Definition
substance that forms (erythropoietin = hormone involved in RBC production)
Term
metr(o)-
metr(i)-
Definition
uterus (endometrium = inner membrane of uterus)
Term
phalanx
Definition
plural = phalanges
Term
-porosis
Definition
pore, passage (osteoporosis)
Term
-physis
Definition
to grow (epiphysis = round end of long bone)
Term
-algesia
Definition
excessive sensitivity to pain
Term
syncope
Definition
to faint
Term
hematoma
Definition
bruise
Term
alopecia
Definition
baldness
Term
corne- kerato-
Definition
cornea(corepexy)
Term
-blastoma
Definition
 tumor consisting of immature, undifferentiated cells  (retinoblastoma)
Term
apo-
Definition
off, away (apocrine, apoptosis)
Term
Carcinoma
Definition
malignant tumor from epithelium
Term
neoplasia-
Definition
new and abnormal development of cells, possibly leading to neoplasm (tumor)
Term
polio-
Definition
gray
Term
amylo-
Definition
starch (amylase)
Term
lobo-
Definition
lobe
Term
-gen
Definition
agent that produces (antigen)
Term
prognosis
Definition
expected course or outcome of disease or condition
Term
poikilo-
Definition
irregular (poikiloderma)
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