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Medical Terminology
Basic Term Components
60
Other
Undergraduate 1
07/11/2011
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Term
Root
 Definition
the foundation of the word
Term
Suffix
 Definition
the ending that modifies and gives essential meaning to the root.
Term
Prefix
 Definition
word structure at the beginning of a term, that modifies the root or roots.
Term
Often a medical term is formed of _____ or more roots.
 Definition
2
Term
combining form
 Definition
is a root with the combining vowel attached to it.
Term
identify rule:
angi + ectasis = angi/ectasis
 Definition
A combining vowel is not used before a suffix that begins with a vowel.
Term
identify rule:
hemat + logy = hemato/logy
 Definition
A combining vowel is used to join root to root as well as root to any suffix beginning with a consonant.
Term
identify rule:
oste + ectomy = ost/ectomy
 Definition
If the root ends in a vowel and the suffix begins with the same word, drop the final vowel from the root and do not use a combining vowel.
Term
identify rule:
electr + encephal + gram = electro/encephalo/gram
 Definition
Most often, a combining vowel is inserted between two roots even when the second root begins with a vowel. Also Combining vowel used to join root to suffix.
Term
identify rule:
hypo + ox + ia = hypoxia
 Definition
Occasionally, when a prefix ends in a vowel and the root begins with a vowel, the final vowel is dropped from the prefix. Also A combining vowel is not used when a suffix begins with a vowel.
Term
cardi
 Definition
heart
Term
a-
 Definition
without
Term
an-
 Definition
without
Term
ab-
 Definition
away from
Term
ad-
 Definition
to, toward, or near
Term
ambi-
 Definition
both
Term
ante-
 Definition
before
Term
pre-
 Definition
before
Term
pro-
 Definition
before
Term
anti-
 Definition
against or opposed to
Term
contra-
 Definition
against or opposed to
Term
bi-
 Definition
two or both
Term
brady-
 Definition
slow
Term
circum-
 Definition
around
Term
peri-
 Definition
around
Term
abdomin/o
 Definition
abdomem
Term
-ac
 Definition
pertaining to
Term
acous/o
 Definition
hearing
Term
acr/o
 Definition
extremity or topmost
Term
-acusis
 Definition
hearing condition
Term
aden/o
 Definition
gland
Term
adip/o
 Definition
fat
Term
adren/o
 Definition
adrenal gland
Term
aer/o
 Definition
air or gas
Term
-al
 Definition
pertaining to
Term
albumin/o
 Definition
protien
Term
-algia
 Definition
pain
Term
alveol/o
 Definition
alveolus (air sac)
Term
ambi-
 Definition
both
Term
an/o
 Definition
anus
Term
andr/o
 Definition
male
Term
angi/o
 Definition
vessel
Term
ankyl/o
 Definition
crooked or stiff
Term
ante-
 Definition
before
Term
anti-
 Definition
against or opposed to
Term
aort/o
 Definition
aorta
Term
appendic/o
 Definition
appendix
Term
aque/o
 Definition
water
Term
-ar
 Definition
pertaining to
Term
-ase
 Definition
enzyme
Term
-arche
 Definition
beginning
Term
arteri/o
 Definition
artery
Term
arthr/o
 Definition
joint
Term
articul/o
 Definition
joint
Term
-ary
 Definition
pertaining to
Term
-asthnia
 Definition
weakness
Term
ather/o
 Definition
fat
Term
-ation
 Definition
process
Term
atri/o
 Definition
atrium
Term
audi/o
 Definition
hearing
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