Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Medical Terminology
Chapter 3 terms
91
Medical
Undergraduate 3
01/25/2011

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Skeletal sytem
Definition
Bones, bone marrow, cartilage, joints, ligaments, synovial membrane and fluid, and bursa.  Framework, support and protect organ
Term
Periosteum
Definition
Tough, fibrous tissue, outermost covering of bone
Term
Compact bone
Definition
Dense, hard, and very strong, protective outer layer
Term
Spongy bone
Definition
light, not as strong, ends of the inner portion of long bones
Term
Medullary cavity
Definition
Shaft of long bone, surrounded by compact bone
Term
Endosteum
Definition
Lines the medullary cavity
Term
Red bone marrow
Definition
Located within spongy bone, manufactures blood cells
Term
Hemopoietic
Definition
Pertaining to the formation of blood cells
Term
Yellow bone marrow
Definition
Fat storage, composed of fat cells and located in medullary cavity
Term
Cartilage
Definition
Smooth, rubbery, blue white connective tissue, shock absorber between joints
Term
Articular cartilage
Definition
Covers the surface of bones where they come together to form joints
Term
Meniscus
Definition
Curved fibrous cartilage found in joints
Term
Diaphysis
Definition
Shaft of long bone
Term
Epiphysis
Definition
Covered with articular cartilage, wide end of a long bone
Term
Foramen
Definition
Opening in a bone, blood vells, nerves, and ligaments pass.
Term
Process
Definition
Normal projection on the surface of a bone, serves as an attachment for muscles and tendons
Term
Joints
Definition
Articulations, union between two or more bones
Term
Fibrous joints
Definition
inflexible layers of dense connective tissue, hold bones tightly together
Term
Sutures
Definition
Do not allow movement
Term
Frontanelles
Definition
soft spots, facilitate the passage of infant trough birth canal
Term
Cartilaginous joints
Definition
Allow only slight movement, bones connected entirely by cartialge
Term
Pubic symphysis
Definition
Cartilaginous joint that allows some movement to faciliate childbrith.  Between the pubic bones
Term
Synovial joint
Definition
Where two bones articulate to permit a variety of motion
Term
Ball and socket joints
Definition
Wide range movements in many direction
Term
Hinge joint
Definition
movement in one direction or plane
Term
Synovial capsule
Definition
outermost layer of strong fibrous tissue that resembles a sleeve
Term
Synovial membrane
Definition
Lines the capsule and secrets fluid
Term
Synovial fluid
Definition
Lubricant to make smooth movement
Term
Ligaments
Definition
Bands of fibrous tissue that form joints by connecting one bone to another
Term
Bursa
Definition
Fibrous sac, acts as a cushion to ease movement in areas subject to friction
Term
Axial skeleton
Definition
Protects major organs of the nervous, respitory, and circulatory systems.
Term
Appendicular skeleton
Definition
Makes body movement possible, protects organs of digestion, ecretion and reporduction
Term
Skull
Definition
8 bones that from carnium, 14 form face, and 6 form middle ear
Term
Front bone
Definition
forms the forehead
Term
Parietal bones
Definition
roof and supper sides of cranium
Term
Occipital bones
Definition
posterior floor and walls of cranium
Term
Temporal bones
Definition
sides and base of cranium
Term
Sphenoid bone
Definition
base of the skull, parts of the floor and sides of the orbit, or bony socket that surrounds and protects the eyeball
Term
Ethmoid bone
Definition
Posterior portion of the nose, orbit and floor of cranium
Term
Auditory ossicles
Definition
6 tiny bones of middle ear
Term
True ribs
Definition
First 7 ribs
Term
Nasal bone
Definition
upper part of bridge of nose
Term
Zygomatic bones
Definition
cheekbones
Term
Maxillary bones
Definition
most of the upper jaw
Term
Palatine bones
Definition
part of hard palate and floor of nose
Term
Lacrimal bones
Definition
inner angle of the eye
Term
Inferior conchae
Definition
thin, scroll like bones, interior of the nose
Term
Vomer bones
Definition
base of nasal septum
Term
Mandible
Definition
jawbone, only moveable bone of skull
Term
Temoromandibular joint
Definition
where the manidble is attached
Term
Manubrium
Definition
first portion of the sternum
Term
False ribs
Definition
next three pars
Term
Floating ribs
Definition
last two pairs, attached posteriorly 
Term
Xiphoid process
Definition
lower portion of sternum, made of cartilage
Term
Acromin
Definition
Extension of scapula, high point of shoulder
Term
Olecranon process
Definition
Funny bone, large projection of the upper end of ulna
Term
Carpals
Definition
8, form wrist
Term
Metacarpals
Definition
Palm of the hand
Term
Vertabrea
Definition
26 bones
Term
Lamina
Definition
posterior portion of vertabrea,
Term
Vertebral foramen 
Definition
opening in the middle of vertebra, spinal cord passes through
Term
Lumbar vertabrea
Definition
largest and strongest, bear the most weight
Term
Sacrum
Definition
Slightly curved, triangle shaped, base of the spine, forms lower portion of back
Term
Coccyx
Definition
tailbone, end of spine, made of small vertebra fused together
Term
Intervertabreal disk
Definition
made of cartilage, separate and cushion vertebrae from one another 
Term
Pelvic girdle
Definition
Pelvis or hips, protects internal organs and supports lower extremities 
Term
Sacroiliac
Definition
slightly movable articulation between the sacrum and posterior portion of ilium 
Term
Ischium
Definition
lower portion of pubic bone, bears the weight of the body when sitting 
Term
Pubis
Definition
anterior portion of pubic bone, below urinary bladder
Term
Acetabulum
Definition
hip socket, large circular cavity, articulates with the head of the femur
Term
Cruciate ligaments
Definition
make possible the movements of the knee
Term
Tibia
Definition
shine bone, larger weight bearing bone
Term
Malleolus
Definition
rounded bony protuberance on each side of the ankle
Term
Talus
Definition
Anklebone that articulates with the tibia and fibula
Term
Calcaneus
Definition
Largest of the tarsal bones, heel bone 
Term
Chiropractor
Definition
manipulative treatment of disorders orginating from misalignment of the spine
Term
Orthopedist
Definition
Diagnoses and treats diseases of the bones, joints, and muscles
Term
Osteopath
Definition
Treating problems by spinal manipulation
Term
Ankylosis
Definition
Loss or absence of mobility in a joint due to disease, injury, or surgical procedure 
Term
Arthrosclerosis
Definition
Stiffness of the joints
Term
Hallux valgus
Definition
Abnormal enlargment of the joint at the base of the great toe
Term
Hemarthrosis
Definition
Blood in a joint
Term
Synovitis
Definition
inflammation in the synovial membrane, results in swelling and pain
Term
Osteoarthritis
Definition
Wear and tear arthritis 
Term
Spondylosis
Definition
spinal osteoarthritis, can cause loss of normal spinal structure
Term
Ankylosing spondylitis
Definition
form of RA, inflammation of joints between vertebrae.
Term
Herniated disk
Definition
slipped or ruptured disk, breaking apart of the inter vertebral disk, pressure on spinal nerve roots
Term
Spindylolisthesis
Definition
Forward slipping movement of the body of one of the lower lumbar vertebrae 
Term
Spina bifida
Definition
spinal canal fails to close completly around spinal cord to protect it
Term
Kyphosis
Definition
abnromal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine
Supporting users have an ad free experience!