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Medical Terminology Ch.13
The Ear
65
Medical
Undergraduate 1
04/28/2012

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Term
auricle (pinna)
Definition
external structure located on both sides of the head. The auricle directs sound waves into the external auditory meatus.
Term
external auditory meatus (canal)
Definition
short tube that ends at the tympanic membrane. The inner part lies within the temporal bone of the skull and contains the glands that secrete earwax (cerumen)
Term
tympanic membrane (eardrum)
Definition
semitransparent membrane that separates the external auditory meatus and the middle ear cavity. The tympanic membrane transmits sound vibrations to the ossicles.
Term
eustacian tube
Definition
connects the middle ear and the pharynx. It equalizes air pressure on both sides of the eardrum.
Term
ossicles
Definition
bones of the middle ear that carry sound vibrations. the ossicles are composed of the malleus(hammer), incus(anvil)and stapes(stirrup). The stapes connects to the oval window, which transmits the sound vibrations to the cochlea of the inner ear.
Term
labyrinth (inner ear)
Definition
bony spaces within the temporal bone of the skull. It contains the cochlea, semicircular canals, and vestibule.
Term
cochlea
Definition
snail-shaped and contains the organ of hearing. the cochlea connects to the oval window in the middle ear.
Term
simicircular canals and vestibule
Definition
contains receptors and endolymph that help the body maintain its sense of balance
Term
mastoid bone and cells
Definition
located in the skull bone behind the external auditory meatus
Term
audi/o
Definition
hearing
Term
aur/i, aur/o, ot/o
Definition
ear
Term
cochle/o
Definition
cochlea
Term
labyrinth/o
Definition
labyrinth
Term
mastoid/o
Definition
mastoid bone
Term
myring/o
Definition
tympanic membrane (eardrum)
Term
staped/o
Definition
stapes (middle ear bone)
Term
tympan/o
Definition
tympanic membrane (eardrum), middle ear
Term
vestibul/o
Definition
vestibule
Term
labyrinthitis
Definition
inflammation of the labyrinth (aka vestibular neuritis)
Term
mastoiditis
Definition
inflammation of the mastoid bone
Term
myringitis
Definition
inflammation of the typmanic membrane
Term
otalgia
Definition
pain in the ear
Term
otomastoiditis
Definition
inflammation ofthe ear and the mastoid bone
Term
otomycosis
Definition
abnormal condition of fungus in the ear (usually affecting the exsternal auditory meatus)
Term
otopyorrhea
Definition
discharge of pus from the ear
Term
otorrhea
Definition
discharge from the ear
Term
otosclerosis
Definition
hardening of the ear (stapes) caused by irregular bone development and resulting in hearing loss
Term
typanitis
Definition
inflammation of the middle ear
Term
acoustic neuroma
Definition
benign tumor within the auditory canal growing from the acoustic nerve; may cause hearing loss and may damage structures of the cerebellum as it grows.
Term
ceruminoma
Definition
tumor of a gland that secretes earwax (cerumen)
Term
cholesteatoma
Definition
cystlike mass composed ofepithelial cells and cholesterol occuring in the middle ear; may be associated with chronic otitis media
Term
Meniere disease
Definition
chronic disease of the inner ear characterized by dizziness, ringing in the ear and hearing loss
Term
otitis externa
Definition
inflammation of the outer ear
Term
otitis media (OM)
Definition
inflammation of the middle ear
Term
presbycusis
Definition
hearing impairment in old age
Term
tinnitus
Definition
ringing in the ears
Term
vertigo
Definition
a sense that either on's own body or the environment is revolving; may indicate inner ear disease
Term
cochlear implant
Definition
pertaining to the cochlea implant (surgically inserted prosthetic devise that uses electrical currents to stimulate the auditory nerve and provide hearing)
Term
labyrinthectomy
Definition
excision of the labyrinth
Term
masoidectomy
Definition
excision of the mastoid bone
Term
masdoidotomy
Definition
incision into the mastoid bone
Term
myringoplasty
Definition
surgical repair of the tympanic membrane
Term
myringotomy
Definition
incision into the typmanic membrane (performed to release pus or fluid and relieve pressure in the middle ear. (aka tympanocentesis)
Term
stapedectomy
Definition
excision of the stapes
Term
tympanoplasty
Definition
surgical repair of the middle ear (hearing mechanism)
Term
otoscope
Definition
instrument for visual examination of the ear
Term
audiometry
Definition
measurement of hearing
Term
audiogram
Definition
graphic recording of hearing
Term
otoscopy
Definition
visual examination of the ear
Term
audiometer
Definition
instrument used to measure hearing
Term
typanometry
Definition
measurement of the typanic membrane movement
Term
typmanometer
Definition
instrument used to measure middle ear function
Term
audiologist
Definition
one who studies and specializes in hearing
Term
audiology
Definition
study of hearing
Term
aural
Definition
pertaining to the ear
Term
cochlear
Definition
pertaining to the cochlea
Term
otologist
Definition
physician who studies and treats diseases of the ear
Term
otology
Definition
study of the hear
Term
otorhinolaryngologist
Definition
physician who studies and treats diseases of the ear, nose, and larynx
Term
vestibular
Definition
pertaining to the vestibule
Term
vestibulocochlear
Definition
pertaining to the vestibule and the cochlea
Term
AOM
Definition
acute otitis media
Term
EENT
Definition
eyes, ears, nose and throat
Term
ENT
Definition
ears, nose, throat
Term
OM
Definition
otitis media
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