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Medical Terminology 1 - Language of Medicine
Instructor - Davis
125
Medical
Undergraduate 1
03/10/2010

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Term
Leukemia
Definition
Increase in numbers of malignant white blood cells
Term
Cytology
Definition
Study of cells
Term
Adenectomy
Definition
Removal of a gland
Term
Hepatoma
Definition
Tumor of the liver
Term
Gastrectomy
Definition
Removal/excision of the stomach, all or part of it.
Term
Electroencephalogram
Definition
Record of electricity in the brain
Term
Ophthalmoscope
Definition
Instrument to view the eye
Term
Thrombocyte
Definition
A platelet
Term
Transhepatic
Definition
Pertaining to through the liver
Term
Osteotomy
Definition
Incision of a bone
Term
Osteitis
Definition
Inflammation of a bone
Term
Iatrogenic
Definition
Pertaining to produced by treatment
Term
Catabolism
Definition
The process by which food is burned to release energy
Term
Throat
Definition
Pharynx
Term
epithelial cell
Definition
Skin cell
Term
Viscera
Definition
Internal organs
Term
Hypochondriac regions
Definition
The upper lateral regions of the abdomen, beneath the ribs
Term
Sagittal
Definition
Pertaining to a plane that divides the body into right and left portions
Term
thoracic
Definition
Pertaining to the chest
Term
Metabolism
Definition
Sum of the chemical processes in a cell
Term
karyotype
Definition
Picture of the chromosomes in the nucleus
Term
mediastinum
Definition
Space between the lungs
Term
epithelial
Definition
Pertaining to skin (surface) cells
Term
Mitochondria
Definition
Part of a cell where catabolism primarily occurs
Term
DNA
Definition
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Term
Sarcoma
Definition
Malignant tumor of flesh tissue
Term
pleural cavit
Definition
Space between the membranes around the lungs
Term
Endoplasmic reticulum
Definition
Part of the cell where formation of proteins occurs
Term
Supine
Definition
Lying on the back
Term
Cystocele
Definition
Hernia of the urinary bladder
Term
Multiple myeloma
Definition
Tumor of bone marrow (cancerous)
Term
Myelogram
Definition
X-ray record of the spinal cord:
Term
-cocci
Definition
Berry-shaped (spheroidal) bacteria
Term
Neutrophil
Definition
Polymorphonuclear leukocyte
Term
An eosinophil is a
Definition
Leukocyte
Term
Lymphocyte
Definition
A blood cell that produces antibodies
Term
Hypertrophy
Definition
Excessive development
Term
platelet
Definition
Clotting cell
Term
venule
Definition
Small vein
Term
Acromegaly
Definition
Enlargement of extremities after puberty due to pituitary gland problem
Term
Otalgia
Definition
Pain in the ear
Term
Arteriole
Definition
Small artery
Term
Intercostal
Definition
Pertaining to between the ribs
Term
Hyperglycemia
Definition
Excessive sugar in the blood
Term
Retroperitoneal
Definition
Behind the abdomen
Term
Abductor muscle
Definition
Carries a limb away from the body
Term
Contralateral
Definition
Pertaining to the opposite side
Term
Brady-
Tachy-
Definition
Slow
Fast
Term
Parathyroid glands
Definition
Located on the dorsal side of an endocrine gland in the neck
Term
Recombinant DNA
Definition
Gene from one organism is inserted into another organism
Term
anoxia
Definition
Without oxygen
Term
Epithelium
Definition
Surface cells that line internal organs and are found in the skin
Term
Percutaneous
Definition
Through the skin
Term
antigen
Definition
Foreign substance
Term
Cancellous bone
Definition
Spongy, porous bone tissue is also called
Term
Spondylolisthesis
Definition
Slipping or subluxation of a vertebra
Term
Laminectomy
Definition
Operation performed to relieve the symptoms of a slipped disk
Term
Osteomalacia
Definition
Vitamin D deficiency that leads to softening of bone
Term
Acromion
Definition
Outward extension of the shoulder bone is the
Term
Lordosis
Definition
The normal anterior curvature of the lumbar spine becomes exaggerated
Term
Foramen
Definition
An opening or passage in bones where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave
Term
calcaneus
Definition
Heel bone
Term
phosphorus
Definition
Mineral substance in bone
Term
Condyle
Definition
Knuckle-like process at the end of a bone is called a
Term
Diaphysis
Definition
The shaft of a long bone
Term
Osteomyelitis
Definition
Inflammation of bone and bone marrow
Term
Talipes
Definition
Clubfoot
Term
fascia
Definition
Fibrous membrane separating muscles
Term
abduction
Definition
Movement away from the midline
Term
polymyalgia
Definition
Pain of many muscles
Term
kyphosis
Definition
humpback
Term
Ankylosing spondylitis
Definition
Chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints, primarily of the spine
Term
Smooth Muscle
Definition
Muscle connected to internal organs; involuntary or visceral muscle
Term
Polymyositis
Definition
Chronic inflammatory myopathy
Term
Bone scan
Definition
Uptake of a radioactive substance is measured in bone
Term
Serum creatine kinase (CK)
Definition
Measurement of an enzyme in serum
Term
Rheumat/o-
Definition
Watery flow
Term
Subluxation
Definition
Partial or incomplete displacement of a bone from the joint
Term
Suture joint
Definition
A joint in which apposed bones are closely united as in the skull bones
Term
Arthrodesis
Definition
Surgical fixation of a joint (binding it together by fusing the joint surfaces)
Term
Diaphoresis
Definition
Profuse sweating
Term
Steatoma
Definition
Fatty mass within a sebaceous gland
Term
Bullae
Definition
Large blisters
Term
Pruritus
Definition
Itching
Term
Keloid
Definition
Thickened scar
Term
Dysplastic nevi
Definition
Moles that can develop into malignant melanoma
Term
Dermis
Definition
Middle layer of the skin
Term
Decubitus ulcer
Definition
Bed sore; break in continuity of skin
Term
Tinea
Definition
A dermatomycosis
Term
urticaria
Definition
Red, round wheals (hives)
Term
Keratin
Definition
A hard protein material found in the epidermis
Term
comedo
Definition
blackhead
Term
Collagen
Definition
Structural protein found in skin and connective tissue
Term
Paronychia
Definition
Inflammation of the soft tissue around a nail
Term
Medulla oblongata
Definition
Part of the brain that controls breathing, heartbeat, and the size of blood vessels
Term
Aphasia
Definition
Inability to speak
Term
Cauda equina
Definition
Collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord
Term
Paresthesia
Definition
Abnormal sensation of tingling or prickling
Term
Glioblastoma
Definition
A highly malignant brain tumor
Term
Syncope
Definition
Fainting
Term
palliative
Definition
Relieving, but not curing
Term
intrathecal
Definition
Within the meninges
Term
Gyri
Definition
Elevated portions of the cerebral cortex
Term
Causalgia
Definition
Burning sensation of pain
Term
Plexus
Definition
A network of interlacing nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system
Term
Glial cells
Definition
Astrocytes
Term
Cornea
Definition
Fibrous layer of clear tissue that extends over the anterior portion of the eye and is continuous with the white of the eye
Term
Presbyopia
Definition
Impairment of vision due to old age
Term
Myopia
Definition
Nearsightedness
Term
Astigmatism
Definition
Defective curvature of the cornea or lens
Term
Tonometry
Definition
How Glaucoma is primarily diagnosed
Term
Scotoma
Definition
A blind spot; area of depressed vision surrounded by an area of normal vision
Term
Chalazion
Definition
Small hard mass on the eyelid; formed from a sebaceous gland enlargement
Term
Macula lutea
Definition
Yellowish region in the retina; contains the fovea centralis
Term
Lens
Definition
Eye structure that is transparent, biconvex, and focuses light on the retina
Term
Optic chiasma
Definition
Place where optic nerve fibers cross in the brain
Term
Accommodation
Definition
Adjustment of the lens by the ciliary body
Term
Cones
Definition
Photosensitive receptor cells of the retina; make the perception of color possible
Term
palpebr/o
Definition
Eyelid
Term
Phacoemulsification
Definition
Technique of cataract extraction using ultrasonic vibrations to fragment the lens and aspirate it from the eye
Term
Macula
Definition
Small, oval, yellowish area to the side of the optic disc
Term
Chalazion
Definition
Granuloma formed around an inflamed sebaceous gland
Term
LASIK
Definition
Use of an excimer laser to correct errors of refraction
Term
Nystagmus
Definition
Can be caused by brain tumors or diseases of the inner ear
Term
Hypotropia
Definition
Downward deviation of one eye
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