Term
| It is important to not that certian antiemetics such as _ may also cause dystonic reactions |
|
Definition
| promethazine, prochlorperazine |
|
|
Term
| after _ of treatment with _ the parkinsonia syndrom may occur |
|
Definition
| 1 to 2 wks, antipsychotic medication |
|
|
Term
| parkinosnian syndrome consists of |
|
Definition
| masklike face, rigid postur, shuffling gait and resting tremor |
|
|
Term
| other extrapyramidal syndromes that may occur in treatemtn are _ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a reversible restlessness manifested as an urge to pace and difficulty sitting still |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| usually an irreversible syndorm that may occur after prolonged use of antipsychotic drug therapy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tardiv dyskinesia consists of persistent involutary movements of the _ that lead to grimacing jerky movements of the _ |
|
Definition
p mvoments of the face, jaw and tongue
upper extremities and otnic contractions of the neck and back |
|
|
Term
| treatment of tardiv dyskinesia includes |
|
Definition
| dicontinuing the causative agent, sympomts usually continue |
|
|
Term
| _ occurs in 1% of certain people receiving antipsychotic agents and certain antiemetics such as _ |
|
Definition
| neuroleptic malignant syndrome, prochlorperazine |
|
|
Term
| the first sympomt fo neuroleptic malignant syndrom is usually |
|
Definition
| muscular rigidy accopmained by akinesia and respiratory distress and may include involuntary muscle movments |
|
|
Term
| the cardinal sign of neruoleptic malignant syndrom is hyperthermia with a temp usually |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a medical emergency that requires immediate intervention and intesive care because it may result in |
|
Definition
| permanent impairment or even death |
|
|
Term
| one antipsychotic drug tha tpresents risk for blood siorder kononw as agranulocytosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| an extreme decrese in granulated white blood cels whcih freqently manifests as a sore throat and fever |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| patients receiving clozapin requrie close superviosion and frequent _ counts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if the patient taking clozpine experiences _ the medication must be held and the physician must be notified at once |
|
Definition
| sore throat, fever and flulike sympomts |
|
|
Term
| after a period of time paitents taking FGAs almost always experience EPS such as |
|
Definition
| akathisia and pseudoparakinsonism |
|
|
Term
| _ have been associated with the use of SGA's |
|
Definition
| weight gain, hyperglycemia and onset of type 2 diabetes |
|
|
Term
| apppearance of the patient with schizophrenia |
|
Definition
| may have porr grooming and failure to bathe |
|
|
Term
| activity of the patient with schixophrenia |
|
Definition
| agitation, bizarre postures, catatonic excitement or stupor, mannerisms or sterotypes or stiff body movements |
|
|
Term
| modo and affect of pt with schizophrenia |
|
Definition
| may have flat affect or inappropriat rage or happiness |
|
|
Term
| speech and language of pt with schizophrenia |
|
Definition
| mutism, tagential speech, blocking or loos associations |
|
|
Term
| thought content of pt with shcizophrenia |
|
Definition
| delusions that may be percusatory, grandiose, religious or somatic |
|
|
Term
| perceptual distrubances of the pt with schizphrenia |
|
Definition
| auditory hallucinations, and visual hallucinations |
|
|
Term
| insight and judgment of pt with schizophrenia |
|
Definition
| usually little insight inot illness |
|
|
Term
| sensorium of pt with schizophrenia |
|
Definition
| oriented to person place and time |
|
|
Term
| memory of pt with schizophrenia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| nursing interventsions for impaired cognition r/t schizophrenia |
|
Definition
| speaking in a gentle/nonconfrontational manner, decreasing unwanted enviromental stimulie, focusing on reality, letting the pt know that you don't share delusion withot directly confronting the delusion, encoruaging the pt to express feelings and anxiety, connecting delusions with anxiety provking situations |
|
|
Term
| interventsion fro altered personal identity r/t schizophrenia |
|
Definition
| making brief frequent contacts with the pt, encouraging the patient to pay attention to what is occuring in the environtment in quiet activities and infroming patients that hallucinations are part of the disease process |
|
|
Term
| interventions for the inability to communicate effectively r/t schizophrenia |
|
Definition
| seeking clarificaiton and verbalizing the implied, provide regular ocntact with the patient and usue gnetl encouragement, understanding that the patient's thinking may be slowed |
|
|
Term
| has similar features to schizophrenia with the additional sympoms of major mood disorder thorughout the illness |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| and individual wiht schizoaffectiv disorder may have |
|
Definition
| imparied occupational funcitoning, restricted social contact and difficulties with self care, but negaitve sympoms are usually less sever and persistent than in schizophrenia |
|
|
Term
| stress is also re/t to the onset of |
|
Definition
| major depressive disorder |
|
|
Term
| the diagnosis of major depressive disorder is made by the presence of a depressed mood most of the day most days of the week which persists for more than _ and is accompanied by such symptoms as |
|
Definition
2 wks
appetite distrubance, wieght loss or weight gain, problems with initiating sleep, remaingin asllep or waking too early in the mornign, loss of interest in activities that used to bring pleasure or joy, loss of energy, fatigu, impairedment in attention and concentration and sometimes suicidal ideation |
|
|
Term
| in its' most sever fomr major depression can also include |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| people with _ experience significantly elevated or depressed moods |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| marked by experiencing cycles of elevated modo and depressed mood |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| to qualify for the diagnosis of a bipolar diorder, an individual must hav ehad at least one episode of a _ and then an epidsode of either _ a |
|
Definition
| major depression, hypomania or mania |
|
|
Term
| an episode of significantly elevated modo along with other sympotms is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| alernation between significantly dpressed mood and significantly elevated mood aover time is termed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| two types fo bipolar disorder |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the individual must have had one episode of a major depressoin and then an episode of persistenly elevated mood including mania resulting hospitaliztion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| there are intermittent episodes of major depressive disorder alternating with episodes of hypomania which can include elevated mood or very irritable mood but not to the level of full mania |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the most recent research suggests that mood disorders are caused by a combination of |
|
Definition
| genetic, biological, environmental and psychologic factors |
|
|
Term
| probable causes of bipolar disorder are |
|
Definition
| neurotransmitter dysregulation, neruroreceptor deficits, neruroendocrine dysfunctions, genetic factors, loss of significant others, learned helpelssness, negative thoughts about life experiences |
|
|
Term
| for major depressive disorder, several types of antidperessant medicaitons are avaliable includings |
|
Definition
| SSRIs: nefazone, venlafaxin, duloxetin, TCAs and less commonly used monoamine oxidas inhibitors (MOAIs) |
|
|
Term
| as the patient responds to antidepressant medicaion and the energy level increases, the risk of _ also increases |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the mainstay of treament for bipolar disorders is a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the manic pahse of biplar diseas is usally treated with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sometimes prescribed for paitents with a depression that is resistant to the SSRIs, TCAs and othe rantidperessants |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| It is important to not that certian antiemetics such as _ may also cause dystonic |
|
Definition
| promethazine, prochlorperazine |
|
|
Term
| after _ of treatment with _ the parkinsonia syndrom may occur |
|
Definition
| 1 to 2 wks, antipsychotic medication |
|
|
Term
| parkinosnian syndrome consists of |
|
Definition
| masklike face, rigid postur, shuffling gait and resting tremor |
|
|
Term
| other extrapyramidal syndromes that may occur in treatemtn are _ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a reversible restlessness manifested as an urge to pace and difficulty sitting still |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| usually an irreversible syndorm that may occur after prolonged use of antipsychotic drug therapy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tardiv dyskinesia consists of persistent involutary movements of the _ that lead to grimacing jerky movements of the _ |
|
Definition
p mvoments of the face, jaw and tongue
upper extremities and otnic contractions of the neck and back |
|
|
Term
| treatment of tardiv dyskinesia includes |
|
Definition
| dicontinuing the causative agent, sympomts usually continue |
|
|
Term
| _ occurs in 1% of certain people receiving antipsychotic agents and certain antiemetics such as _ |
|
Definition
| neuroleptic malignant syndrome, prochlorperazine |
|
|
Term
| the first sympomt fo neuroleptic malignant syndrom is usually |
|
Definition
| muscular rigidy accopmained by akinesia and respiratory distress and may include involuntary muscle movments |
|
|
Term
| the cardinal sign of neruoleptic malignant syndrom is hyperthermia with a temp usually |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a medical emergency that requires immediate intervention and intesive care because it may result in |
|
Definition
| permanent impairment or even death |
|
|
Term
| one antipsychotic drug tha tpresents risk for blood siorder kononw as agranulocytosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| an extreme decrese in granulated white blood cels whcih freqently manifests as a sore throat and fever |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| patients receiving clozapin requrie close superviosion and frequent _ counts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if the patient taking clozpine experiences _ the medication must be held and the physician must be notified at once |
|
Definition
| sore throat, fever and flulike sympomts |
|
|
Term
| after a period of time paitents taking FGAs almost always experience EPS such as |
|
Definition
| akathisia and pseudoparakinsonism |
|
|
Term
| _ have been associated with the use of SGA's |
|
Definition
| weight gain, hyperglycemia and onset of type 2 diabetes |
|
|
Term
| apppearance of the patient with schizophrenia |
|
Definition
| may have porr grooming and failure to bathe |
|
|
Term
| activity of the patient with schixophrenia |
|
Definition
| agitation, bizarre postures, catatonic excitement or stupor, mannerisms or sterotypes or stiff body movements |
|
|
Term
| modo and affect of pt with schizophrenia |
|
Definition
| may have flat affect or inappropriat rage or happiness |
|
|
Term
| speech and language of pt with schizophrenia |
|
Definition
| mutism, tagential speech, blocking or loos associations |
|
|
Term
| thought content of pt with shcizophrenia |
|
Definition
| delusions that may be percusatory, grandiose, religious or somatic |
|
|
Term
| perceptual distrubances of the pt with schizphrenia |
|
Definition
| auditory hallucinations, and visual hallucinations |
|
|
Term
| insightandjudgment of the pt with schizophrenia |
|
Definition
| usually little insight inot illness |
|
|
Term
| sensorium of the pt with schizophrenia |
|
Definition
| oriented to person, place and time |
|
|
Term
| memory of pt with schizophrenia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _ also related to the onset of major deressive disorder |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| diagnosis of major depressive disorder is diagnosed by the prescence of a depressed mood most of the day, most days of the week which persists for more than |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| first generation antipsychotics (r/t schizophrenia) |
|
Definition
chlorpromazine (thorazine)
fluphenazine (prolixin)
haloperidol (haldol)
loxapine (loxitane)
mesoridazine (serentil)
perphenazine (trilafon)
thioridazine (mellaril)
thiothizene (navane)
trifluperazine (stellazine) |
|
|
Term
| extrapyrimal side effects include |
|
Definition
| tremors, muscle rigidity, dystonia, muscle contraction, slurred speach |
|
|
Term
| second generation antipsychotics (r/t schizophrenia) |
|
Definition
aripiprazole (abilify)
clozapine (clozaril)
olanzapin (zypriza)
quetiapin (seroquel)
risperidone (risperdal)
ziprasidone (geodon) |
|
|
Term
| s&s of parkinson sydrome, an extrapyrmidal side effect r/t FGA's |
|
Definition
| involuntary mvoements, muscle rigidyity, dystonia, akathisa, oculogyric crisis |
|
|
Term
| severe and life threatening dysrhthmias may result form an overdose of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the individual must have had one episode of a major depression and then an episode of persistently elevated mood includngin mania, resulting in hospitalizations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| intermiitten episodes of major depressive disorder alternating with episodes of hypomania, which can include an elevated mood or very irritable mood but not to hte level of full mania |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| antidperssant medications |
|
Definition
| Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), newer agent antidepressants such as nefazodone (Serzone), venlafaxine (Effexor), and duloxetine (Cymbalta), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), tetracyclic agents, and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) |
|
|
Term
| the mainstat of treatment for bipolar is a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the manif pase of biplar disease is usally treated with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _ should lelapse between ending most antidepressants and beginning maoi |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| nurssing implications for carbamazepine, lamotrigine, |
|
Definition
carful monitoring of liver enzymes and drug levels
may cause enemia, life threatening allergic skin reactions
hold medication if rash develops and notify provider,
may cause dizziness drowsiness and unstady gait,
may result in fetal abnormalities if used during pregnancys |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
carbamazepi (tegertol
lamotrigine (lamictal)
lithium
valporoic acid, divalproex sodium |
|
|
Term
| hypertensiv crisis occurs if the patient taking an MAOI injests foods containing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| foods that contain tyrmamine |
|
Definition
| avocados, banans, beer, bolonga, canned figs, chocolate, chees, lvier, papaya prodcus, pate, hering, fava beans, raisins, salamis, sausage, sour, cream, souy sauce, some wines and yogurt |
|
|
Term
| symptoms of hypertensive crisis |
|
Definition
| headache, palptations, visual changes, neck stiffness, nausea, vomiting, sweating, sensitivity to light, pupil changes, bradycardia or tachycardia |
|
|
Term
| antidepressants less likey to cause sexual dysfunction |
|
Definition
| nefazodon, brupropion, well butrin |
|
|
Term
| because relief form symptoms of manic disorder may take up to 3 wks the pt may also receiv an |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| therapeutic level of divalproex sodium in the blood |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| divalproex is mteabolized by the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| lithium is excreted by the |
|
Definition
| kidneys (narrow therapeutic range) |
|
|
Term
| therapeutic range for lithium treating acute mania |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| signs of lithium toxixicity |
|
Definition
| tremor, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea |
|
|
