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MED TERM 12 Vocabulary
MED TERM 12 Vocabulary
113
Medical
Undergraduate 1
03/26/2007

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Term
sclera
Definition
outer protective layer of the eye; the portion seen on the anterior portion of the eyeball is referred to as the white of the eye
Term
cornea
Definition
transparent anterior part of the sclera, which is in front of the aqueous humor and lies over the iris
Term
choroid
Definition
middle layer of the eye, which is interlaced with many blood vessels
Term
iris
Definition
the pigmented muscular structure that allows light to pass through
Term
pupil
Definition
opening in the center of the iris
Term
lens
Definition
lies directly behind the pupil; its function is to focus and bend light
Term
retina
Definition
innermost layer of the eye, which contains the vision receptors
Term
aqueous humor
Definition
watery liquid found in the anterior cavity of the eye
Term
vitreous humor
Definition
jellylike substance found behind the lens in the posterior cavity of the eye that maintains its shape
Term
meibomian glands
Definition
oil glands found in the upper and lower edges of the eyelids that help lubricate the eye
Term
lacrimal glands and ducts
Definition
produce and drain tears
Term
optic nerve
Definition
carries visual impulses from the retina to the brain
Term
conjunctiva
Definition
mucous membrane lining the eyelids and covering the anterior protion of the sclera
Term
blephar/o
Definition
eyelid
Term
conjunctiv/o
Definition
conjunctiva
Term
cor/o, core/o, pupill/o
Definition
pupil
Term
corne/o, kerat/o
Definition
cornea
Term
dacry/o, lacrim/o
Definition
tear, tear duct
Term
irid/o, iri/o
Definition
iris
Term
ocul/o, ophthalm/o
Definition
eye
Term
opt/o
Definition
vision
Term
retin/o
Definition
retina
Term
scler/o
Definition
sclera
Term
bi-, bin-
Definition
two
Term
-opia
Definition
vison (condition)
Term
-phobia
Definition
abnormal fear of or aversion to specific things
Term
-plegia
Definition
paralysis
Term
blepharitis
Definition
inflammation of the eyelid
Term
blepharoptosis
Definition
drooping of the eyelid (commonly called ptosis)
Term
conjunctivitis
Definition
inflammation of the conjunctiva (commonly called pinkeye)
Term
dacryocystitis
Definition
inflammation of the tear (lacrimal) sac
Term
diplopia
Definition
double vision
Term
endophthalmitis
Definition
inflammation within the eye
Term
iridoplegia
Definition
paralysis of the iris
Term
iritis
Definition
inflammation of the iris
Term
keratitis
Definition
inflammation of the cornea
Term
leukocoria
Definition
condition of white pupil
Term
oculomycosis
Definition
abnormal condition of the eye caused by a fungus
Term
ophthalmalgia
Definition
pain in the eye
Term
ophthalmoplegia
Definition
paralysis of the eye (muscle)
Term
photophobia
Definition
abnormal fear of (sensitivity to) light
Term
retinoblastoma
Definition
tumor arising from a developing retinal cell (a congenital, malignant tumor)
Term
sclerokeratitis
Definition
inflammation of the sclera and cornea
Term
scleromalacia
Definition
softening of the sclera
Term
astigmatism (Ast)
Definition
defective curvature of the refractive surface of the eye
Term
cataract
Definition
clouding of the lens of the eye
Term
chalazion
Definition
obstruction of an oil gland of the eyelid (also called meibomian cyst)
Term
detached retina
Definition
separation of the retina from the choroid in back of the eye
Term
emmetropia (Em)
Definition
normal refractive condition of the eye
Term
glaucoma
Definition
eye disorder characterized by optic nerve damage usually caused by the abnormal increase of intraocular pressure; if not treated it will lead to blindness
Term
hyperopia
Definition
farsightedness
Term
macular degeneration
Definition
a progressive deterioration of the portion of the retina called the macula lutea, resulting in loss of central vision
Term
myopia
Definition
nearsightedness
Term
nyctalopia
Definition
poor vision at night or in faint light
Term
nystagmus
Definition
involuntary, jerking movements of the eyes
Term
presbyopia
Definition
impaired vision as a result of aging
Term
pterygium
Definition
thin tissue growing into the cornea from the conjunctiva, usually caused from sun exposure
Term
retinitis pigmentosa
Definition
hereditary, progressive disease marked by night blindness with atrophy and retinal pigment changes
Term
strabismus
Definition
abnormal condition of squint or crossed eyes cuased by the visual oxes not meeting at the same point
Term
sty
Definition
infection of an oil gland of the eyelid (also spelled stye and also called hordeolum)
Term
blepharoplasty
Definition
surgical repair of the eyelid
Term
cryoretinopexy
Definition
surgical fixation of the retina by using extreme cold (carbon dioxide)
Term
dacryocystorhinostomy
Definition
creation of an artificial opening between the tear (lacrimal) sac and the nose (to restore drainage into the nose when the nasolacrimal duct is obstructed or obliterated)
Term
dacryoscystotomy
Definition
incision into the tear sac
Term
iridectomy
Definition
excision (of part) of the iris
Term
keratoplasty
Definition
surgical repair of the cornea (corneal transplant)
Term
sclerotomy
Definition
incision into the sclera
Term
enucleation
Definition
surgical remoaval of the eyeball (also, the removal of any organ that comes out clean and whole)
Term
LASIK (laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis)
Definition
a laser procedure that reshapes the corneal tissue beneath the surface of the cornea to correct astigmatism, hyperopia, and myopia; LASIK is a combination of Excimer laser and lamellar keratoplasty; it differs from PRK in that it reshapes corneal tissue beneath the surface rather than on the surface
Term
phacoemulsification
Definition
method to remove cataracts in which an ultrasonic needle probe breaks up the lens, which is then aspirated
Term
PRK (photorefractive keratectomy)
Definition
a procedure for the treatment of nearsightedness in which an Excimer laser is used to reshape (flatten) the corneal surface by removing a portion of the cornea
Term
retinal photocoagulation
Definition
a procedure to repair tears in the retina by use of an intense, precisely focused light beam, which causes coagulation of the tissue protein
Term
scleral buckling
Definition
a procedure to repair a detached retina; a strip of sclera is resected, or a fold is made int the sclera; an exoplant is used to hold and buckle the sclera
Term
trabeculectomy
Definition
surgical creation of a drain to reduce intraocular pressure (used to treat glaucoma)
Term
vitrectomy
Definition
surgical removal of all or part of the vitreous humor (used to treat diabetic retinopathy)
Term
fluorescein angiography
Definition
process of recording (photgraphic) blood vessels (of the eye with fluorescing dye)
Term
keratometer
Definition
instrument used to meausre (the curvature of) the cornea (used for fitting contact lenses)
Term
ophthalmoscope
Definition
instrument used for visual examination (the interior) of the eye
Term
ophthalmoscopy
Definition
visual examination of the eye
Term
optometry
Definition
measurement of vision (acuity and the prescribing of corrective lenses)
Term
pupillometer
Definition
instrument used to measure (the diameter of) the pupil
Term
pupilloscope
Definition
instrument used for visual examination of the pupil
Term
tonometer
Definition
instrument used to measure pressure (within the eye, used to diagnose glaucoma)
Term
tonometry
Definition
measurement of pressure (within the eye)
Term
binocular
Definition
peratining to two or both eyes
Term
corneal
Definition
pertaining to the cornea
Term
intraocular
Definition
pertaining to within the eye
Term
lacrimal
Definition
pertaining to tears or tear ducts
Term
nasolacrimal
Definition
pertaining to the nose and tear ducts
Term
ophthalmic
Definition
pertaining to the eye
Term
opthalmologist
Definition
physician who studies and treats diseases of the eye
Term
opthalmology (Ophth)
Definition
study of the eye (a branch of medicine that deals with treating diseases of the eye)
Term
ophthalmopathy
Definition
(any) disease of the eye
Term
optic
Definition
pertaining to vision
Term
pupillary
Definition
pertaining to the pupil
Term
retinal
Definition
pertaining to the retina
Term
retinopathy
Definition
(any noninflammatory) disease of the retina (such as diabetic retinopathy)
Term
miotic
Definition
agent that constricts the pupil
Term
mydriatic
Definition
agent that dilates the pupil
Term
oculus dexter (OD)
Definition
medical term for right eye
Term
oculus sinister (OS)
Definition
medical term for left eye
Term
oculus uterque (OU)
Definition
medical term for each eye
Term
optician
Definition
a specialist who fills prescriptions for lenses (cannot prescribe lenses)
Term
optometrist
Definition
a health professional who prescribes corrective lenses and/or eye exercises
Term
visual acuity (VA)
Definition
sharpness of vision for either distance or nearness
Term
ARMD
Definition
age-related macular degeneration
Term
Ast
Definition
astigmatism
Term
Em
Definition
emmetropia
Term
OD
Definition
right eye (oculus dexter)
Term
Ophth
Definition
ophthalmology
Term
OS
Definition
left eye (oculus sinister)
Term
OU
Definition
each eye (oculus uterque)
Term
VA
Definition
visual acuity
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