Term
| Group 1 vs Group 2 phospholipids |
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Definition
Group 1: Structure based on phosphatidic acid with glycerol spine.
Polar Head group attached to P of glycerol.
Phhosphatidic acid has OH polar group
Group 2: Contain 18-c amino alcohol sphingosine instead of glycerol.
Linking a FA via amide bond to sphingosines -NH2 group forms ceramide.
Sphingomyelin: only PL without a glycerol spine that is significant in humans |
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Term
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Definition
Precursor to large family of glycerophospholipids, TAGs, phosphatidyl inositol.
Cardiolipin, plasmalogens, platelet-activating factors
Can come from Glycerol-3-P, DHAP, diacylglycerol |
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Term
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Definition
Consists of 2 Phosphatidic acid molecules esterfied to glycerol
Contains 4 FA tails
Makes inner membrane of mitochondria very dense
Recognized by antibodies against syphilis(treponema pallidum) organism. |
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Term
| Platelet activating factor vs plasmalogen |
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Definition
PAF: Glycero phospholipid(O-linked)
Saturated at C-1. Acetyl group at C-2
Plasmalogen: Unsaturated at C-1 with vinyl Ether link. |
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Term
| Phosphatidyl Choline Synthesis |
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Definition
| Choline -> Phosphorylation(ATP), Activation(CTP) than attached to DAG. (not common) Phosphatidylserine is converted to form phosphatidylcholine. P-serine -> P-ethanoalomine + CO2 P-ethanolamine -> P-Choline Via SAM(Takes 3 SAMs, 3 methyl groups from 3 methionine) |
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Term
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Definition
| S-adenosyl-methionine Methionine + ATP -> S-adenosylmethionine + PPi + P. 3 groups transfered so 3 ATP used. After donation of methyl group s-adenosylhomocystiene is left over. |
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Term
| Phosphatidylcholine function in lungs |
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Definition
Key component in lung surfactant
Dipamitoylphosphatidyl-choline 50-60% of surfactant
Cytidylyl transferase activates phosphocholine by adding CMP from CTP.
Failure to synthesize surfactant -> respiratory distress syndrome. Diabetic mothers or prematures. |
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Term
| Phosphatidyllinositol synthesis |
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Definition
Made from CDP-diacyglycerol, 2 ATPs and free inositol.
Has archidonate on C-2(reservoir for eicsanoids)
Lithium inhibits iniositol monophosphatase(prevents inisitol recycling) |
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Term
| Glycosylphophotidylinositol(GPI) |
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Definition
tethers proteins to membrane
GPI anchors proteins to membranes surface by N-terminal of GPI protein |
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Term
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Definition
Defect in Phospholipase C(sphingomyelinase Lysosome- cant remoeve phophorylcholine from sphingomyelin)
Type A: hepatosplenic accumulation Neurodegeneration, early death.
Type B: NO neural involvement. SPleen liver and marrow affected. |
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Term
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Definition
Accumulation of glucocerabridase
Most common lysosomal storage disease
Defect in B-glucosidase (glucocerebrosidase)
Hepatosplenomegally, osteoperosis of long bones |
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Term
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Definition
Acumulation of gangliosides(GM2)
Rapid and progressive neurodegeneration
blidness, seziures, cherry-red macula
defect in B-hexoseaminidase-A |
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Term
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Definition
X-linked
Accumulation of globosides
Defect in a-galactosidase
Reddish-purple skin rash
kidney and heart failure
Burning pain in lower extremeties |
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