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Details Title: Matter Description: drfred - Matter and its properties Total Flash Cards: 37 Created: 09/23/2004 09:02:14	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term chemistry Definition The study of the composition, structure and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes. Term matter Definition Stuff' that has mass and takes up space. Term intensive properties Definition Characteristics of a substance that do not change with the amount of matter present; e.g., density, color, hardness, melting and boiling point, conductivity, etc. Term density Definition Intensive property, measure of the amount of matter per unit space. Affected by temperature and pressure. d = m / V Term melting point Definition Intensive property, temperature a substance or mixture goes from solid to liquid state. Affected by atmospheric pressure. Term boiling point Definition Intensive property, temperature a substance or mixture goes from liquid to vapor state. Affected by atmospheric pressure. Term ductile Definition Intensive property, able to be formed by drawing out, as in wire production. Term malleable Definition Intensive property, able to be formed by hammering. Bends rather than shatters. Term luster Definition Intensive property, results from substance interacting with light to produce a 'metallic' look. Term color Definition Intensive property, results from substance interacting with visible light. Term conductor Definition Intensive property; substance permits flow of heat and electrical current Term insulator Definition Intensive property; substance resists flow of heat and electrical current. Term hardness Definition Intensive property, measure of the ability of a substance to resist scratching. Term extensive properties Definition Characteristics of a substance that depend on the amount of matter present; e.g., mass, volume, weight, Term mass Definition Extensive property, a measure of the amount of matter contained in a sample. Term volume Definition Extensive property, the amount of space an object occupies. Affected by temperature and pressure Term atom Definition The smallest unit of chemical matter. Term pure substance Definition Substance containing only one type of element or compound. Term mixture Definition Two or more pure substances found together, each keeping its own identity and properties. Can be separated by physical means. Term homogeneous mixture Definition A mixture with identical composition at any sampling point, e.g., salt water, metal alloys, air. Term heterogeneous mixture Definition A mixture with varied composition depending on where you take a sample, e.g. Rocky Road ice cream, a load of sand and gravel, a mixture of sawdust and iron. Term element Definition A pure substance made up of only of one kind of atom. Can not be further separated by physical or chemical means. Term metal Definition Elements that are good conductors of heat and electricity, malleable, ductile, have luster. >75% of elements are metals. Term metalloids (semi-metals) Definition Substances with some properties characteristic of metals and some characteristic of nonmetals. Term non-metal Definition Elements that are poor conductors of heat and electricity, neither malleable nor ductile, generally located on the right-hand side of the periodic table. Term compound Definition Substance formed by atoms of two or more elements, chemically bonded. Term chemical bond Definition Force between two atoms which holds them together. Term molecule Definition Two or more atoms, chemically bonded, that display the properties of that element or compound. Term states of matter Definition Physical form of a substance. Three most common are sollid, liquid and gas. Plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate, are two other states of matter not normally experienced directly. Term solid Definition State of matter having both definite shape and definite volume. Term liquid Definition State of matter having definite volume but indefinite shape. Term gas Definition State of matter having neither definite shape nor definite volume. Term physical change Definition Change in a property of a substance that does not change the identity of the substance. E.g., melting, crushing, vaporization, Term chemical change Definition Change in which two or more pure substances react to form new substances with different chemical composition and properties. Term law of conservation of energy Definition Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only change form. Term law of conservation of mass Definition All elements present at the beginning will be present at the end of a chemical reaction; only bonding arrangements will change.