What are the "4 T's"?

Temperature

Tonicity

Tightness

Texture

Heat's effects on the

nervous system and connective tissue.

(Hydrotherapy)

    (p. 440 Mosby)

    Heat: INCR: Circulation, Metabolism, Inflammation, Respiration

              DECR: Pain, mm spasm, tissue stiffness, R+WBC production

Cold's effect on the nervous system

and connective tissue

(Hydrotherapy)

Cold: INCR: Stimulation, mm tone, tissue stiffness, R+WBC production

              DECR: Inflammation, Pain, Respiration, Digestion

     *Effects of cold on CIRCULATION:  

Short Term: DECR circulation, INCR

       Circulation;

Long Term: DECR circulation

What temperature should heat application not exceed?

106 degrees or 110 degrees.

Classifying Water Temperatures:

Very Cold = 32-56 F, Painful

      Cold = 56-65 F, Uncomfortable

      Cool = 65- 92 F, Goosebumps

       Neutral  = 92-98 F, Normal skin temp

      Warm to hot = 98-104 F, Comfortable

       Very Hot = 104-110 F, Skin Reddened

Effleurage:

Originates from the word “to skim; touch lightly”; spectrum is determined

         by pressure, drag, speed, direction, and rhythm; GLIDING STROKES

Petrissage

KNEADING STROKES;

Means “to knead”, soft tissue is

lifted, rolled,and squeezed

Tapotement

PERCUSSION; from “tapoter”, “to rap, smack, drum, or tap”, moves

        up and down on the tissue, downward directed blows create rhythmic compression

        of the tissue.

TYPES of PERCUSSION

Hacking

Cupping

Beating and Pounding

Slapping   

Tapping

Friction

Small, deep movements performed on a local area, provides sheer force to

          the tissue, prevents and breaks up local adhesions

Oscillation 

Varies in a reciprocating manner

Types of Oscillation:

 Vibration

Shaking

Rocking 

Energy Work 

Methods of body work that work with subtle body responses;

"Qi" is "healing energy",

p. 149 Mosby

RICE:

Rest : reduces movement of the restricted area

Ice: Reduces swelling in the

            area

Compression: Reduces swelling when applied above the injured region

Elevation: promotes drainage of fluid build-up

Neurovascular Points :

Located about the head and front of the trunk,

believed to affect the circulation of the vascular system of various organs and glands to

            improve many types of functions (p. 8 from manual). Stimulation of these points

            shown to strengthen specific muscles.

Chakra Balancing

The 7 major chakras are:

1.) Grounding- Survival, “Kundalini”

2.) Sacral- Lower abs, emotions/sexuality

3.) Solar Plexus- xyphoid process, personal power, self-esteem

4.) Heart- Compassion, relationships

5.) Throat- Communication, creativity

6.) Third Eye- clairvoyance, insight, pituitary gland

7.) Crown- Divine Awareness, knowing, pineal gland.

1=Red, 2=Orange, 3=Yellow, 4=Green/Pink, 5=Blue,

6=Indigo/Purple, 7= Violet, white, gold

On-Site Massage

p. 257-258 Mosby.

No matter where one is practicing, one must reflect professional and ethical standards. Never make an oral agreement; get signatures from all parties involved.

Know list of things to bring with you on an on-site massage event.

What are endangerment sites?

Areas in which nerves and blood vessels surface close to the skin and are not well protected by muscle or connective tissue. Deep, sustained pressure in these areas can damage the vessels and nerves. Areas containing fragile, bony projections are also considered endangerment sites. The kidney area is also an endangerment site. See page 185, Mosby, Fig. 5.5 for a picture.  (Other examples: Eyes, area inferior to ear, posterior cervical area, lymph nodes, medial brachium –between biceps and triceps- musculocutaneous, median, and ulnar nerves, brachial artery, basilica vein.)

What does drainage do to assist in the

recovery from an injury?

Gets old blood and waste out of the area and

new blood and nutrients into the area

When and why would you use cross fiber techniques?

1) Excellent for scar tissue!

2.) Chronic tension areas

3.) Wake up lazy (atrophied) muscle

You want to use less oil/lotion to increase friction, so you can get in there and manipulate the tissues. Cross-fibering causes mini-traumas that promote the healing process in that area.

Benefits of Ice Massage

Reduces swelling, breaks down cross fibers during the healing process andstrengthens new fibers by gentle stretching. A brief application of cold increases the

pulse and respiration rates as well as slightly raising the blood pressure. Removal ofcold application exposes the area to a warmer environment and may inducerelaxation.

 Steps of Ice Massage:

1) Apply ice, keeping it in motion, until the area feels numb.

2.) Friction the area.

3.) Stretch the tissues.

4.) Repeat steps 1,2,3 two more times.

Ice Massage Symptoms:

1.) Cold

2.) Aching

3.) Burning

4.) Numbness

Draping

Types and purpose

Purpose of draping is to maintain the client’s privacy and sense of security. It is the boundary btwn the practitioner and the clt. The draping also provides warmth.

According to Mosby, there are two types of draping, Flat (what we do) and Contoured Draping (using two towels).

Vascular Flush

Combination of Hot and Cold Hydrotherapy (6 sec-20mins of each, starting and ending with cold)

– Increase ROM, pump old blood and waste

             out of the area and new blood and nutrients into the area.

Major Components of a Treatment Plan

Assessment/Intake- Info/observations

Treatment- Fashion treatment around assessment, start making the plan,

Reassessment- During and after; check in with clt, observation after treatment,

Plan- get clt on board with HEP, phys. Therapy, changes in their life, rebooking…

Means of improving venous blood flow

Use strokes to encourage venous flow toward the heart.

Short pumping, gliding, effleurage strokes are most effective in enhancing this flow.

Describe Skin Rolling and it's benefits

Skin rolling is a variation of the lifting manipulation. Where deep kneading attempts to lift the muscular component away from the bone, Skin Rolling only lifts the skin from the underlying muscle layer. It has a warming and softening effect of the superficial fascia, causing reflexive stimulation of the spinal nerves, and is an excellent assessment method. Can be safely used over the spine.

What is your priority for massage

in the ACUTE phase of recovery?

The first 72 hours of the existence of any injury.

Generally characterized byany or all of the following: Swelling, redness, heat, and pain.

GOAL: Reduceswelling and pain.

What is your priority in the

SUB-ACUTE phase of recovery?

The first 7 days of the existence of an injury. The distinguishing features that move the injury from acute to subacute are reductions in swelling, redness, heat, 

       and pain.

GOAL: reduce swelling, pain, and begin to increase the    ROM with passiveand active movements that are pain free.  

What is your priority in the

CHRONIC phase of recovery?

After 7 days, characterized by an absence of swelling, redness, and hear;decreased pain and ROM, and an increase of localized tension due to fibrous build-up.

GOAL: reduce pain and increase ROM.

What are Trigger Points?

Small points of hyperirritability

within a muscle

Benefits of Prenatal Massage

Happier mom, healthier baby; decreased stress; better equilibrium; decreased nausea, vomiting; greater ROM and flexibility; increase in energy,

       decrease of fatigue; better sleep; less pain in lower back, hips; lower blood pressure

       overall; less ache; increased immune function; Higher APGAR ratings, significantly

       shorter labors, less pain during labor; faster recovery after birth

   Deep abdominal work is NEVER recommended! (duh)

What oils are acceptable to use at anytime for pregnancy massage?

Lemon andlavender only