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Marine Biology Chap 13
Benthic Life Habits
19
Biology
Undergraduate 3
04/15/2009

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Term
Benthos
Definition
Organisms associated with the seabed
Term
Deposit Feeder
Definition
Organisms which ingest sediment and associated organic matter and microbial organisms
Term
Epibenthic
Definition
Living on the surface of the substratum
Term
Epifaunal
Definition
Epibenthic animals
Term
Infaunal
Definition
Animals living within the sediments (below the sediment-water interface)
Term
Semi-Infaunal
Definition
Living partially below the sediment-water interface but protruding above it
Term
Demersal
Definition
Mobile organisms mostly associated with the seabed
Term
Interstitial
Definition
Living in the pore waters among sedimentary grains
Term
Macrobenthos
Definition
Organisms whose shortest dimension is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm
Term
Meiobenthos
Definition
Organisms smaller than 0.5 mm but greater than or equal to 0.1 mm
Term
Microbenthos
Definition
Organisms smaller than 0.1 mm
Term
Suspension Feeder
Definition
Organisms which capture particles from the water column that include bacteria, phytoplankton, and zooplankton
Term
Herbivore
Definition
Organisms which feed on photosynthetic autotrophs
Term
Carnivore
Definition
Organism which feed on other animals
Term
Scavenger
Definition
Organisms which feed on dead animals and plants
Term
Soft Sediments
Definition
A mixture of inorganic particles, organic particles, and pore water
Term
Silt-Clay Fraction
Definition
Grain size(< 62 µm in diameter); can be a useful parameter for describing sediment properties relevant to the benthos
Term
Sorting
Definition
An estimate of the spread of abundance of particles among size classes
Term
Redox Potential Discontinuity (RDP)
Definition
Boundary between oxidizing and reducing processes in sediments
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