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Marine Biology Chap 06
Reproduction, Dispersal, and Migration
21
Biology
Undergraduate 3
03/04/2009

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Term
Life History
Definition
An organism’s lifetime pattern of growth, development, and reproduction
Term
Dispersal
Definition
Spread of organisms, usually progeny, from one location to another
Term
Principle of Allocation
Definition
If organisms use energy for one function such as growth, the amount of energy available for other functions is reduced; leads to trade-offs between functions such as growth and reproduction or number and size of offspring
Term
Emigration
Definition
The departure of individuals from a given area
Term
Sexual Reproduction
Definition
Process whereby individuals exchange or combine DNA, such that offspring differ genetically from their parents
Term
Immigration
Definition
The arrival of individuals into a given area
Term
Gonochorism
Definition
Having separate sexes
Term
Migration
Definition
A directed movement of an organism between specific areas
Term
Hermaphroditism
Definition
Individuals capable of producing both eggs and sperm during its lifetime
Term
Meroplankton
Definition
Organisms that spend part of their time in the plankton but also spend time in the benthos (ie planktonic larvae of benthic invertebrates)
Term
Protandrous
Definition
An animal that, when sexually mature, is first a male then switches to female
Term
Planktotrophic
Definition
Planktonic-dispersing larva that derives its nourishment by feeding in the plankton
Term
Protogynous
Definition
An animal that, when sexually mature, is first a female then switches to male
Term
Lecithotrophic
Definition
A planktonic-dispersing larve that lives off yolk supplied via the egg
Term
Sexual Dimorphism
Definition
Systematic differences in form between males and females within a species
Term
Non-Pelagic
Definition
Living in the water column landward of the shelf-slope break; aka neritic
Term
Sexual Selection
Definition
Selection for traits that are involved in mating success, such as visual elements (ie color) and combat structures (ie deer antlers)
Term
Asexual Reproduction
Definition
Reproduction of the individual without the production of gametes and zygotes
Term
Fission
Definition
Individuals are produced via budding; offspring can either remain attached physically to the parent (modules) or break away to become independent
Term
Fragmentation
Definition
Parent breaks into different pieces that become new individuals
Term
Parthenogenesis
Definition
Offspring develop from eggs that did not undergo fertilization
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