Term
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Definition
- free-living, bioluminescent, curved rod-shape, gram (-), sheathed polar flagellum
- facultative anaerobe
- halophilic |
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Term
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Definition
- planktonic
- bioluminescent
- symbiotic relationships with deep sea organisms |
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Term
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Definition
- world's fastest organism
- 2nd most common marine bacteria
- produces tetrodotoxin (TTX) |
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Term
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Definition
- CTXφ bacteriophage transmits cholera toxin gene from one bacterium to the next
- Toxin coregulated pilus (TCP) allows for obtainment of CTX genome w/ TTX
- ADP-ribosylating toxins -> Protein Kinase A -> increase cAMP levels -> sodium poumps -> osmotic potential change -> release of fluids and dehydration. |
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Term
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Definition
- Thermostable direct haemolysin -> detect with blood agar
- From raw seafood
- Gastroenteritis |
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Term
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Definition
- Parasite of other gram (-) bacteria
- Feed on proteins in periplasmic space
- Bdelloblast = both predator and prey
- Forms a long, filamentous cell that differentiates and infects other bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
- Contributes to 30-80% of primary production in ocean
- Oxygenic photosynthesizers
- Have chlorophyll a & b, carotene, xanthophyll pigments instead of phycobilins (cyanobacteria) |
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Term
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Definition
- Strict anaerobes
- Degrade oil and aromatic compounds
- Alkane -> alcohol ->aldehyde ->fatty acid -> beta oxidation |
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Term
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Definition
- Rod-shaped gram (-)
- Oxidises nitrite to nitrate in soil
- Nitrifying bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
- Gram (-), sulphate reducing bacteria
- SO4 -> H2S |
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Term
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Definition
| - Obligate parasites of purple sulphur bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
- Sulphur reducing bacteria
- Gram (+)?, obligate anaerobes
- Inhabit anaerobic sediments |
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Term
| Sulphate Reducing Bacteria |
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Definition
- oxodize organic compounds or hydrogen while reducing sulphate to hydrogen sulphide.
- "breathe" sulphate rather than oxygen. anaerobes.
- assimilatory and dissimilatory
- Sulphate is terminal electron acceptor
- desulfovibrio, clostridium |
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Term
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Definition
- Chemoautotrophic/chemolithotrophic
- oxidise ammonium to hydroxylamine; nitrite to nitrate
- Found in highest counts where ammonia is present (lots of organic waste)
- Nitrosomonas, Nitrobacter |
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Term
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Definition
- Nitrate reductase enzyme: oxides -> nitrogen gas
- Facultative anaerobes (usually in oxygen absence)
- NO3 -> N2
- pseudomonas, alcaligenes, bacillus |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- produce methane byproduct in anoxic conditions
- Archaea, free-living and in guts of ruminants an humans
- obligate anaerobes
- Reduce CO2 (sometimes acetate) to methane -> gradient across membrane to produce ATP
- Lack peptidoglycan |
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Term
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Definition
- aerobic and anaerobic, metabolise methane & 1C compounds
- aerobic conditions -> Ox + methane = formaldehyde |
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Term
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Definition
- use reduced 1C compounds (incl. methane) and multi-carbon compounds with no double bonds.
- can be methanotrophs |
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Term
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Definition
- Convert nitrogen gas to ammonium
- Cyanobacteria, green sulphur bacteria |
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Term
| Sulphur Oxidising Bacteria |
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Definition
- Convert SH, HS, S to sulfate
- DMSP -> from dying phytoplankton cells (biogenic gas) |
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