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Macronutrient Overview
RDAs of Macronutrients, Lab Values, Exchange Diet
32
Nursing
Undergraduate 2
03/22/2012
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Term
Carbohydrates
 Definition
4 Kcals/gram
Term
Proteins
 Definition
4 Kcals/gram
Term
Fats
 Definition
9 Kcals/gram
Term
Alcohol
 Definition
7 Kcals/gram
Term
Men <50 yo Fiber
 Definition
38 grams/day
Term
Women <50 yo
 Definition
25 grams/day
Term
Men >50 yo
 Definition
30 grams/day
Term
Women >50 yo
 Definition
21 grams/day
Term
Metabolic Syndrome
 Definition
Waist measurement of >40 for men and >35 for women, triglycerides >150, HDL<40 for men and <50, HTN, FBS >110
Term
Marasmus
 Definition
Insufficient kilocalories and protein
Term
Kwashiorkor
 Definition
More kilocalories than in marasmus but insufficient protein
Term
Phenylkenoruria (PKU)
 Definition
Lack enzyme phenylalamine hydroxylase that can cause irreversible brain damage
Term
Protein Men
 Definition
56 g/day
Term
Protein Women
 Definition
46 g/day
Term
Pregnancy and lactation
 Definition
71 g/day
Term
General Formula Protein
 Definition
.8g/kg/day
Term
Risky cholesterol
 Definition
>240 mg/dL
Term
Desirable Total Cholesterol
 Definition
<200 mg/dL
Term
Desired LDL
 Definition
<130 mg/DL
Term
Desired HDL
 Definition
>40 mg/dL for men; >50 women for women
Term
Desired Fat intake
 Definition
20-35%
Term
Desired PUFAs
 Definition
5-10%
Term
Daily intake of Cholesterol
 Definition
300 mg/day max; <200 if history
Term
Daily Saturated fats
 Definition
10%; <7% if history
Term
Exchange- Vegetable
 Definition
25 cal and 5 g of carbs
Term
Exchange- Lowfat Dairy
 Definition
90 cal; 12 carbs
Term
Exchange- Starch
 Definition
80 cal; 15 carbs
Term
Exchange- Fruits
 Definition
60 cal; 15 carbs
Term
Exchange- Very lean meat
 Definition
35 cal; 7 g protein
Term
Exchange- Lean Meats
 Definition
55 cal; 7 g protein
Term
Exchange- Medium Fat Meats
 Definition
75 cal; 7 g protein
Term
Exchange- Fat
 Definition
45 cal; 5 g fat
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