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Macroeconomics Ch 9 4th ed. Hubbard & O'Brien Ch. 9
Chapter Nine
17
Economics
Undergraduate 2
05/19/2012

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Term
Consumer Price Index (CPI)
Definition
An average of the prices of the goods and servcies purchased by the typical urban family of four
Term
Cyclical unemployment
Definition
Unemployment caused by a business cycle recession
Term
Deflation
Definition
A decline in the price level
Term
Discouraged workers
Definition
People who are available for work but have not looked for a job during the previous four weeks because they believe no jobs are available for them
Term
Efficiency wage
Definition
A higher-than-market wage that a firm pays to increase worker productivity
Term
Frictional unemployment
Definition
Short-term unemployment that arises from the process of matching workers with jobs
Term
Inflation rate
Definition
The percentage increase in the price level from one year to the next
Term
Labor force
Definition
The sum of employed and unemployed workers in the economy
Term
Labor force participation rate
Definition
The percentage of the working-age population in the labor force
Term
Menu costs
Definition
The costs to firms of changing prices
Term
Natural rate of employment
Definition
The normal rate of unemployment, consisting of frictional unemployment plus structural unemployment
Term
nominal interest rate
Definition
The stated interest rate on a loan
Term
Price level
Definition
A measure of the average prices of goods and services in the economy
Term
Producer price index (PPI)
Definition
An average of the prices received by producers of goods and services at all stages of the production process
Term
Real interest rate
Definition
The nominal interest rate minus the inflation rate
Term
Structural unemployment
Definition
Unemployment arising from a persistent mismatch between the skills and attibutes of workers and the requirements of jobs
Term
Unemployment rate
Definition
The percentage of the labor force that is unemployed
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