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Machine Language / Compyter Org
Chap 7-11
64
Computer Science
Undergraduate 2
11/30/2011
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Term
In the x86 architecture, the __________ command can perform all of the call/return instruction functions.
 Definition
ENTER
Term
The instruction size is dependent upon the ________ of the processor.
 Definition
Number of registers
Term
Branch instructions use the ____________ extensively.
 Definition
Stack
Term
In previous processor generations, the _____________ was used to perform arithmetic and logic operations.
 Definition
Accumulator
Term
A procedure call within a procedure call is called _______________.
 Definition
Nested procedure call
Term
A collection of different types of instructions with various addressing modes is called __________.
 Definition
Instruction set architecture (ISA)
Term
In the BCD representation, each bit is stored as a ______________.
 Definition
4-bit sequence
Term
Arithmetic and data instructions are classified as data _________ instructions.
 Definition
Transfer/Processing
Term
The _______________ procedure has several open calls to it.
 Definition
Reentrant
Term
The type of data transfer is dependent upon the addressing __________ used in the instruction.
 Definition
mode
Term
Entire information after program invocation such as return address registers are stored in _______________.
 Definition
Stack
Term
____________ instructions are used to modify control registers.
 Definition
System Control
Term
The _______________ stores the most significant bit in the highest numerical address.
 Definition
Little-endian style
Term
Instruction are represented as ___________ bits and is called __________.
 Definition
binary, opcode
Term
Memory management by operating system can be perform only due to its _________ status.
 Definition
Privileged
Term
The decimal point in binary and decimal number representations are also called as __________.
 Definition
Radix
Term
_______________ define the order in which the operands of an instruction are represented.
 Definition
Addressing mode
Term
The number address bits decides the ____________ that can be referenced.
 Definition
Address range
Term
In a system without ________________ the ____________ will be in registers or the main memory.
 Definition
Virtual memory, effective address
Term
________________ addressing is a general purpose addressing mode that can save address space.
 Definition
Direct
Term
The ARM instruction formats are all of the same length of ____________.
 Definition
32bits
Term
_____________ addressing mode is similar to the register indirect addressing mode.
 Definition
Indirect addressing
Term
The _________________ is used convert the above into assembly language.
 Definition
Assembler
Term
____________ is the most simplest form of addressing involving least register reads.
 Definition
Register addressing
Term
The __________ instruction format has special purpose stack pointer register.
 Definition
Stack
Term
The _________________ is a general purpose register.
 Definition
Accumulator
Term
______________ is the communication means used by the machine to send data and control signals.
 Definition
Machine language
Term
____________immediate constants are expanded to 32bits in the ARM instruction set.
 Definition
8bit
Term
______________ means the addressing mode does not depend on the operands used.
 Definition
Orthogonality
Term
Segmented memories are typically accessed using _____________ addressing modes.
 Definition
Displacement
Term
________________ decides the segment to be used by the instruction.
 Definition
Opcode
Term
_________________ addressing mode has little/no memory reference but is still scarcely used because of its low _______________.
 Definition
Register, address space
Term
_________ happens when the processor is made to suspend its operation by the DMA controller.
 Definition
Cycle stealing
Term
EIA-232 is a example specification for ____________ interface link.
 Definition
Serial
Term
____________ and _____________ determine the control and status of the device connected.
 Definition
Control and Status signals
Term
Interrupts identified by the daisy chain technique are called ____________.
 Definition
Vectored interrupts
Term
An I/O module that presents a high level interface to the processor is called _________.
 Definition
I/O Channel
Term
The _____________ send the address of the I/O device to the ______ controller to read or write data into it.
 Definition
Processor, I/O
Term
The InfiniBand interface was primary defined for links between ________ using ________ links.
 Definition
Serves, switches and links
Term
The cycle_start signal defines the start of ________________.
 Definition
Isochronous cycle
Term
Main drawbacks of programmed-I/O and interrupt-driven I/O are __________ transfer and the _________ being busy with the I/O transfer.
 Definition
slow, processor
Term
An ACK or acknowledgment is a _________ signal sent between the ________ and I/O device.
 Definition
status, processor
Term
____________ is used in I/O modules to help in transfers as the transfer rate difference between processor and external devices are quite large.
 Definition
Buffer
Term
In the simple version of interrupt processing, the signal from processor to acknowledge the interrupt is done in __________.
 Definition
Hardware
Term
The packet transfer and receiver units are in the __________ layer of the FireWire bus.
 Definition
Link
Term
The __________ stores data being passed between peripheral device and the processor.
 Definition
Internal buffer
Term
The I/O module contains __________ functions for communication between processor and external devices.
 Definition
Logic
Term
When an I/O module has the capability of executing a program, it then called an _______.
 Definition
I/O Processor
Term
_______________ takes considerable amount of time in early systems.
 Definition
Setup
Term
Its is possible for a process to have space larger than the _____________.
 Definition
Main memory
Term
The ______________ are used to implement frequently used functions.
 Definition
Utilities
Term
The TLB first came into being to reduce ____________.
 Definition
Access time
Term
The _____________ is a location relative to the beginning of the program.
 Definition
Logical address
Term
The status at any point in the lifetime of a process is called a __________.
 Definition
State
Term
Too much page replacement is called ______________.
 Definition
Thrashing
Term
_________ are set of pages in memory.
 Definition
Frames
Term
The ________ and _____________ do not have access to the computer hardware.
 Definition
Programmer and End User
Term
In batch systems, the _________ maintains access to the processor and batches jobs.
 Definition
Monitor
Term
The ____________ stores a subset of entries from the page table.
 Definition
TLB
Term
____________ involves the stage of process dispatch to the processor.
 Definition
Short-term scheduling
Term
In the ARM system, the TLB is divided into _____________.
 Definition
First and second level tables
Term
________________ is the opposite of a batch processing system.
 Definition
Interactive
Term
Time-sharing systems receive ___________ through the terminal.
 Definition
Input
Term
The address of the next instruction is stored in _____________.
 Definition
Program counter
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