Shared Flashcard Set

Details

MA Chapter 8
key terms
54
History
9th Grade
12/09/2010

Additional History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Will A Jolly Man Make A Jolly Visitor?
Definition

First 8 Presidents of the United States (PotUS)

  1. George Washington
  2. John Adams
  3. Thomas Jefferson
  4. James Madison
  5. James Monroe
  6. John Quincy Adams
  7. Andrew Jackson
  8. Martin Van Buren 

 

Term
The Louisiana Purchase was in the year __________.
Definition
1800
Term
Twelfth Amendment
Definition
Constitutional amendment ratified in 1804 that provides for separate balloting in the electoral College for president and vice president.
Term
Judiciary Act of 1801
Definition
Law that the Federalist Congress passed to increase the number of federal courts and judicial positions; President Adams rushed to fill these positions with Federalists before his term ended.
Term
John Marshall
Definition
Virginia lawyer and politician made chief justice of the Supreme Court by President Adams; his legal decisions helped shape the roe of the Court in American Government
Term
conciliatory
Definition
striving to overcome distrust or regain someone's good will
Term
Marbury v. Madison
Definition
Supreme Court decision (1803) declaring part of the Judiciary Act of 1789 unconstitutional and thus establishing the principal of judicial review.
Term
constitutionality
Definition
Agreement with the principles or provisions of the Constitution.
Term
judicial review
Definition
The power of the Supreme Court to review the constitutionality of laws passed by Congress and the states.
Term
impeachment
Definition
The presentation of formal charges of wrongdoing against a pubic official
Term
Albert Gallatin
Definition
Treasury secretary in Jefferson's administration; he favored limited government and reduced the federal debt by cutting spending
Term
Santo Domingo
Definition

Island shared by the modern nations of Haiti and the Dominican Republic

[image]

Term
Louisiana Purchase
Definition

The US purchase of Louisiana from France for $15 million in 1803; the Louisiana territory extended from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains.

[image]

Term
Meriwether Lewis
Definition
Jefferson aide who was sent to explore the Louisiana Territory in 1803; he later served as its governor
Term
William Clark
Definition
Soldier and explorer who joined Meriwether Lewis on the expedition to explore the Louisiana Territory; he was responsible for mapmaking
Term
Sacajawea
Definition
Shoshone woman who served as a guide and interpreter on the Lewis and Clark expedition.
Term
Lewis and Clark Expedition
Definition

1804-1805 expedition to explore the Louisiana territory

[image]

Term
rationalism
Definition
the theory that the exercise of reason, rather than the acceptance of authority or spiritual revelation, is the only valid basis for belief and the best source of spiritual truth
Term
evangelicalism
Definition
Protestant movements that stress personal conversion and salvation by faith
Term
deism
Definition
the belief that God created the universe in such a way that no divine intervention was necessary for its continued operation
Term
Trinity
Definition
the Christian belief that God consists of three divine persons: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit
Term
Benjamin Banneker
Definition
African-American mathematician and astronomer who published an almanac that calculated the movements of stars and planets
Term
African Methodist Episcopal Church
Definition
African-American branch of Methodism established in Philadelphia in 1816 and in New York in 1821
Term
secede
Definition
to withdraw formally from membership in an alliance or association
Term
Essex Junto
Definition
group of Federalists in Essex County, Massachusetts, who called for New England and New York to secede from the Union during Jefferson's second term
Term
John Randolph
Definition
Virginia politician who was a cousin of Thomas Jefferson; he believed in limited government and opposed the acquisition of Florida
Term
Yazoo affair
Definition
notorious deal in which the Georgia legislature sold a huge tract of public and to speculators for a low price; the sale was overturned by a new legislature a year later
Term
Tertium Quids
Definition
Republican faction formed by John Randolph in protest against Jefferson's plan for acquiring Florida from Spain
Term
broadside
Definition
the simultaneous discharge of all the guns on one side of a warship
Term
Milan Decree
Definition
Napoleon's order authorizing the capture of an neutral vessels sailing from British ports or submitting to British searches
Term
embargo
Definition
a government order that bans trade with another nation or group of nations
Term
The Prophet
Definition
Shawnee religious visionary who called for a return to Indian traditions and founded the community of Prophetstown on Tippecanoe Creek in Indiana
Term
Tecumseh
Definition
Shawnee leader and brother of the Prophet; he tried to establish an Indian confederacy along the frontier as a barrier to white expansion
Term
War Hawks
Definition
Members of Congress from the West and South who campaigned for war with Britain in hopes of stimulating the economy and annexing new territory
Term
Henry Clay
Definition
Congressman from Kentucky who was a leader of the War Hawks; he helped negotiate the treaty ending the War of 1812
Term
John C. Calhoun
Definition
Congressman from South Carolina who was a leader of the War Hawks; he later became an advocate of states' rights
Term
Non-Intercourse Act
Definition
Law passed by Congress in 1809 reopening trade with all nations except France and Britain and authorizing the president to reopen trade with them if they lifted restrictions on American shipping
Term
Macon's Bill No. 2
Definition
Law passed by Congress in 1810 that offered exclusive trading rights to France or Britain, whichever recognized American neutral rights first
Term
William Henry Harrison
Definition
Indiana governor who led US Forces at the Battle of Tippecanoe; he later became the ninth president of the United States
Term
Battle of Tippecanoe
Definition
Battle near Prophetstown in Indiana Territory in 1811; American forces led by William Henry Harrison defeated Shawnee followers of the Prophet
Term
Old Ironsides
Definition
Nickname of the Constitution, the forty-four gun American frigate who victory over Guerrière bolstered sagging morale in the War of 1812
Term
frigate
Definition
a very fast warship rigged with square sails and usually carrying 30 guns on its gun deck
Term
Oliver Hazard Perry
Definition
American naval officer who led the fleet that defeated the British in the Battle of Put-in-Bay during the War of 1812
Term
flagship
Definition
the ship that carries the feet commander and bears the commander's flag
Term
Andrew Jackson
Definition
General in the War of 1812 who defeated the British at New Orleans in 1815; he later became the seventh president of the United States
Term
merchant marine
Definition
a nation's commercial ships
Term
Embargo of 1813
Definition
An absolute embargo on a American trade and British imports
Term
mortar
Definition
a portable, muzzle-loading cannon
Term
Francis Scott Key
Definition
Author of "The Star-Spangled Banner," which chronicles the British bombardment of Fort McHenry at Baltimore in the War of 1812; it became the official U.S. national anthem in 1916
Term
Battle of Horseshoe Bend
Definition
Battle in 1814 between Tennessee militia and Creek Indians in Alabama; the American victory marked the end of Indian power in the South
Term
Jean Laffite
Definition
leader of a band of pirates off Barataria Bay in southeast Louisiana; he offered to fight for the Americans at New Orleans in return for the pardon of his men
Term
Battle of New Orleans
Definition
Battle in the War of 1812 in which American troops commanded by Andrew Jackson repulsed the British attempt to seize New Orleans
Term
Treaty of Ghent
Definition
Treaty ending the War of 1812, signed in Belgium in 1814; it restored peace but was silent on the issues over which the United States and Britain had clashed
Term

War of 1812

map of battles

Definition
[image]
Supporting users have an ad free experience!