Term
| What were the years of the Middle Ages in Western Europe? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was one result of the German tribes overrunning various parts of the Western Roman Empire? |
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Definition
| The cities would become depopulated, and trade would decline. |
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Term
| In the late 5th century C. E., which Germanic tribe would be the most powerful and who was its leader? |
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Definition
| The Franks, who were led by Clovis. |
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Term
| What did Charles Martel do? |
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Definition
| Defeated the Muslims at Tours in 732 and founded the Carolingian dynasty, which became the new rulers of the Franks. |
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Term
| Why was Charlemagne important? |
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Definition
Greatest ruler of the Franks.
reunited lands in Western Europe
Supported the Catholic Church
Forced the Saxons to become Christians
Sent out "missi dominici" to help him rule |
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Term
| Why did Charlemagne have to rely on counts to rule his empire? |
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Definition
| He didn't have the resources to set up a bureaucracy. |
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Term
| Who would crown Charlemagne "Emperor of the Romans" and in what year? |
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Definition
| Pope Leo III, in the year 800. |
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Term
| What divided the Frankish empire in 843? |
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Definition
- Treaty of Verdun
- West Frankland became France
- East Frankland became Germany
- France and Germany would fight over parts of the land in the middle for a 1000 years.
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Term
| How were lands in Europe affected by the Viking invasions? |
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Definition
- England united into a single kingdom under King Alfred to fight off the Vikings.
- Feudalism would emerge in France as people sought protection from local rulers.
- Feudalism would emerge in Germany, where Otto of Saxony would be crowned Holy Roman Emperor in 962.
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Term
| The type of authority in medieval Europe that was complex and clumsy was ________ |
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Definition
| Decentralized Authority, or feudalism. |
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Term
| These emerged in the absence of cities during the Middle Ages in Western Europe. |
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Definition
| Manors, which were self-sufficient estates where everything needed to live off of was produced. |
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Term
| The name given those who were tied to the land on which they worked and lived? |
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Definition
- Serfs
- In the Middle Ages, 85% of W. Europe's people were peasants, and most of the peasants were serfs.
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Term
| Farming in Europe would advance due to: (3) |
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Definition
- Heavy plows with iron tips
- Use of horses and oxen
- Use of serfs to clear land
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Term
| Maritime trade flourished on the: (2) |
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Definition
- North Sea
- Baltic Sea
- Goods traded were things like wheat from England, honey from Poland, wine from France, beer from the Low Countries, swords from Germany
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Term
| Who asserted the primacy of the Bishop of Rome, emphasized the sacrament of penance and spread Christianity to Europe, thereby emhancing the power of the papacy? |
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Definition
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Term
| The single most important unifying force in Western Europe in the Middle Ages . . . |
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Definition
| The Roman Catholic Church |
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Term
| This was the language of the Catholic Church and learning in Western Europe in the Middle Ages. |
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Definition
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Term
| This would be the last region to which Christianity would spread in Western Europe. |
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Definition
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Term
| This Saint made the "Rule" that monasteries would use to regulate the lives of monks. |
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Definition
| Saint Benedict of Nursia (450 - 547) |
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Term
| These buildings were important community centers, serving as orphanages, inns, hospitals, and schools.... |
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Definition
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