Term
|
Definition
Unique to Lower Urinary tract
Superficial Layer - umbrella cells
Intermediate layer - 1-5 cells thick
Basal Layer - small cells, 1 cell thick |
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Term
| Ureteropelvic Junction obsturction |
|
Definition
Excess stromal deposition of collagen between smooth muscle bundles
Hydronephrosis
More common in Boys |
|
|
Term
| Intrinsic Causes of Ureter Obstruction |
|
Definition
Calculi
Strictures
Neoplasms
Blood Clots
Neurogenic causes
Vesicoureteral reflux |
|
|
Term
| Extrinsic causes of Ureter Obstruction |
|
Definition
Pregnancy
Periureteral Inflammation
Ureteral Inflammation
Endometriosis
Neoplasms |
|
|
Term
Calculi
(three points of narrowing) |
|
Definition
Intrinsic Obstruction
Colicy Pain
Three Points of Narrowing:
1. Ureteropelvic Junction
2. Ureters Cross iliac vessels
3. Ureters enter bladder |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Chronic inflammation or sclerosing retroperitoneal fibrosis |
|
|
Term
| Benign Primary Tumors of Ureters |
|
Definition
Fibroepithelial Polyps
Leiomyomas |
|
|
Term
| Primary Malignant Tumors of Ureters |
|
Definition
| Transitional Cell Carcinoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Protrusion of Bladder into Vagina
Leads to Uterine Prolapse |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
E.Coli (most common), proteus...
Increased frequency, lower abdominal pain, dyrusia
Fever, Chills, malaise
Acute: Neutrophils
Chronic: lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Chronic E.Coli infection of Bladder
soft, yellow, mucosal plaques
Foamy macrophages - PAS + granules
Michaelis-Gutmann Bodies
Defective Host Response to E.coli |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Suprapubic Pain
Urinary frequency, urgency
Hematuria
Dysuria
No Evidence of Bacterial Infection
Inflammation and Fibrosis of all layers of Bladder wall
maybe autoimmune |
|
|
Term
Urothelial (Transitional cell) Tumors
Transitional Cell Carcinoma |
|
Definition
Men>Women
Lateral or posterior walls at base of bladder
Reoccur after removal
Papillary - lower grade
Flat - Higher grade
Painless hematuria
Higher the Grade Higher chance of recurrence |
|
|
Term
| Transitional cell carcinoma in situ |
|
Definition
Disorganized
Pleomorphic cells
hyperchromatic nuclei
prominent nucleoli
numerous mitotic figures |
|
|
Term
| Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Bladder |
|
Definition
Schistosomiasis
fungating and invasive
Chronic Bladder irritation-> dysplasia + SCC |
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