Term
| This image is a congenital anomaly that has epithelial lining and is found more in middle age |
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Definition
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Term
| This image shows a highly echogenic tube inside the liver (relieves portal hypertension) |
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Definition
| TIPS (transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt) |
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Term
| This image shows a graph from doppler with all of the waveforms ABOVE the baseline |
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Definition
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Term
| This image shows the liver with METS. The METS shown exhibit calcification. |
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Definition
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Term
| This image provides the hint: this liver mass is not likely to hemorrhage |
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Definition
| FNH, focal nodular hyperplasia; For Non Hemorrhaging |
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Term
| This image had the hint:prevalent in sheep and cattle raising countries |
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Definition
| Echinococcal cyst/ Hydatid disease |
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Term
| This image shows a "break" in the diaphragm and a hint associated with tuberous sclerosis |
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Definition
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Term
| This image shows a heterogeneous mass (I think) and gives the hint: diagnosis through serologic testing |
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Definition
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Term
| This image shows a fatty liver with focal areas of normal liver parenchyma (or the reverse, can't remember) |
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Definition
| focal fatty sparing (focal fatty infiltration would be normal liver with a focal areas of fat infiltration) |
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Term
| This image shows a shrunken liver with with coarse texture and ascites (maybe a hint like:6th leading cause of death in the U.S.) |
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Definition
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Term
| This image gives the hint: Men 5:1 or more prevalent in men, elevated alpha fetoprotein |
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Definition
| hepatocellular carcinoma HCC |
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Term
| What affects the hepatocytes and interferes with liver function? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are indications of intrahepatic masses? |
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Definition
displacement of hepatic vascular radicles
external bulging of liver capsule
posterior shift of IVC |
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Term
| WHat are indications of extrahepatic masses? |
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Definition
internal invagination or discontinuity of liver capsule
anteromedial shift of the IVC
anterior displacement of the right kidney |
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Term
Which of the following is NOT a congenital anomaly of the liver:
hepatic cysts
peribiliary cysts
Adult polycystic liver disease
Von Gierke's
Von Meyenburg Complex (biliary hamartomas) |
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Definition
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Term
| If multiple cysts are visualized in the liver, what should the sonographer examine? |
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Definition
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Term
| This is a small focal developmental lesion composed of dilated intrahepatic bile ducts; solid, hypoechoic nodules |
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Definition
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Term
| This is an inflammation of the liver where the parenchyma appears hypoechoic, the portal vein borders have increased brightness, hepatomegaly and elevated AST, ALT, and bili |
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Definition
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Term
| This is a prolonged inflammation of the liver, 3-6 mos, exhibiting a shrunken liver with increased echogenicity, decreased vascular wall visualization, coarse parenchyma |
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Definition
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Term
| This progresses to cirrhosis and liver failure |
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Definition
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Term
| This disease has symptoms including elevated WBCs, fever, malaise, anorexia, RUQ pain, jaundice |
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Definition
| Bacterial (Pyogenic) Disease |
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Term
| This disease shows a characteristic pattern of a "wheel within a wheel" lesions |
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Definition
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Term
| This liver disease exhibits elevated WBCs, pain and diarrhea |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is not a finding of Hydatid disease:
densely calcified masses
simple cysts with "sand"
cysts with detached endocyst
widened echogenic portal tracts
cysts with daughter cysts
"water lily" sign |
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Definition
| widened echogenic portal tracts goes with Schistosomiasis |
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Term
Which of the following is not a cause of fatty liver disease?
obesity
alcohol abuse
use of oral contraceptives
diabetes
severe hepatitis
poorly controlled hyperlipidemia |
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Definition
| use of oral contraceptives |
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Term
| What is defined as regions of increased echogenicity present within a background of normal liver? |
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Definition
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Term
| This is an autosomeal recessive genetic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism associated with hepatic adenomas and diffuse fatty infiltration |
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Definition
| GSD (Glycogen Storage Disease) Type I, Von Gierkes |
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Term
| What is a diffuse process that distorts the normal architecture of the liver? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three pathologic mechanisms that create cirrhosis? |
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Definition
| cell death, fibrosis, regeneration |
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Term
| What is the most common benign tumor of the liver? |
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Definition
| hemangioma, women 5:1, histologically multiple vascular channels; <3cm, hyperechoic |
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Term
| What is the second most common benign liver tumor? |
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Definition
| FNH; subtle, stealth, NOT likely to hemorrhage; hormonal influence; looks similar to an adenoma |
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Term
| This is a rare liver tumor linked to oral contraceptives |
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Definition
| hepatic adenoma; assoc with Von Gierkes; LIKELY to hemorrhage |
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Term
| These are rare fatty tumors associated with tuberous sclerosis and renal angiomyolipomas |
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Definition
| hepatic lipomas; "break" in diaphragm |
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Term
| This is a common PRIMARY malignancy of the liver; men 5:1; caused by alcoholic cirrhosis and hepatitis B & C |
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Definition
| HCC hepatocellular carcinoma; invades portal veins; increased alpha fetoprotein |
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Term
| Remember hemangiosarcoma (angiosarcoma) is... |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common form of neoplastic involvement in the liver? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three most common sources for METS in the liver? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| sarcoma (connective tissue) |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| What is the most common site for hepatic trauma? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the benefit of U/S guided bx? |
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Definition
| allows real-time observation of insertion of needle tip into the lesion |
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Term
| What are two major causes of portal hypertension? |
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Definition
| cirrhosis and schistosomiasis |
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Term
| What accounts for 90% of all hypertension cases in the West? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are 3 U/S findings of cirrhosis? |
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Definition
| splenomegaly, ascites, venous collaterals |
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Term
| What is a rare disorder affecting hepatic veins of the liver/ |
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Definition
| Budd-Chiari Syndrome; caudate spared; caudate enlargement |
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Term
Elevated direct bili and elev alk phos and dilated intrahepatic ducts applies to all the following EXCEPT:
biliary obstruction
parenchymal abnormalities
passive hepatic congestion
extrahepatic mass
stones and strictures of CBD |
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Definition
| passive hepatic congestion |
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