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Literary Devices
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34
Literature
11th Grade
02/09/2010

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Term
ad hominem argument
Definition
this is an argument that appeals to emotion rather than reason, to feeling rather than intellect
Term
allegory
Definition
using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction
Term
analogy
Definition
a similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them.
Term
antithesis
Definition
a seeming contradiction of ideas, words, clauses, or sentences within a balanced grammatical structure. (ex: "Man proposes, God disposes"... "Too black for heaven, and yet too white for hell"
Term
aphorism
Definition
a terse statement of known authorship that expresses a general truth or moral principle.
Term
folk proverb
Definition
if the authorship is unknown (NOT APHORISM)
Term
caricature
Definition
the subject's distinctive features or peculiarities are deliberately exaggerated to produce a comic effect.
Term
caricature
Definition
synonym of "burlesque, parody, travesty, satire, lampoon, etc."
Term
chiasmus
Definition
based on inverted parallelism. two clauses are related to each other through a reversal of terms. (ex: "His time a moment, and a point his space"... "ask not what your country can do for you--ask what you can do for your country"
Term
conceit
Definition
a really weird metaphor. a fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects.
Term
didactic
Definition
have the primary aim of teaching or instructing, especially teaching of moral or ethical principles.
Term
figure of speech
Definition
a device used to produce figurative language
Term
figurative language
Definition
writing that is not supposed to have a literal meaning
Term
generic conventions
Definition
traditions for each genre. they differentiate between each genre
Term
genre
Definition
a major category of a literary work
Term
homily
Definition
a talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice
Term
invective
Definition
a verbal denunciation or attach using abusive language
Term
What are the three types of irony? Explain each.
Definition
1) verbal-- the words state the opposite of the speaker's actual meaning 2) situational--it turns out the opposite of what you expected 3) dramatic irony-- the audience knows things that a character doesn't
Term
loose sentence
Definition
the main idea comes first and then phrases and clauses AKA periodic sentence
Term
mood
Definition
prevailing atmosphere or emotional aura of a work
Term
atmosphere
Definition
the emotional mood established by the setting and the author's choice of subjects that are described
Term
paradox
Definition
a statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense, but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity
Term
parody
Definition
a work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule.
Term
pedantic
Definition
words, phrases, or tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish
Term
periodic sentence
Definition
independent clause is at the end of the sentence after a phrase or clause
Term
sarcasm
Definition
bitter language meant to hurt someone
Term
satire
Definition
a work that targets human vices and follies, or social institutions and conventions, for reform or ridicule
Term
style
Definition
an evaluation of the sum of the choices an author makes
Term
syllogism
Definition
major premise+minor premise-->conclusion
Term
inductive reasoning
Definition
from specific to general
Term
deductive reasoning
Definition
general to specific
Term
KNOW RHETORICAL MODES
Definition
Term
meiosis
Definition
a rhetorical figure by which something is referred to in terms less important than it really deserves. (ex.: Mercutio calling his mortal wound a "scratch")
Term
syntax
Definition
the way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences.
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