Term
HMG CoA Reductase
Inhibitors
(statins) |
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Definition
Inhibit HMG CoA reductase enzyme
therapeutic effect: 4-6wks
Common SE: myopathy, ^liver enzymes
Rare SE: rhabdomyolysis
Interactions: niacin, coumadin, digoxin, GF juice
Pregnancy category X
Pt edu: take w/PM meal, report muscle pain/tenderness/weakness
Monitor labs: cholest/lipid panel, LFT, CK |
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Term
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Definition
Cholesterol absorption inhibitor
inhibits intestinal absorp of dietary/biliary chol
SE: GI s/s (abd pain, diarrhea), myalgia, arthralgia, back pain
Pregnancy category C
Caution: hepatic disfunction and elderly
Often used with statins
Precautions: similar to statins |
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Term
Fibric acid derivatives
(fibs)
Lopid, Tricor, Atromid-S |
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Definition
Action: lower trig, ^ HDL
Caution: use with care with statins (^ risk of rhabdomyolysis)
SE: GI (abd pain, diarrhea, gas, n/v)
Pt edu: give before meals
Monitor labs: lipids, LFT, blood glucose |
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Term
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Definition
Nicotinic acid (water sol vitamin)
^HDL, lowers trig & LDL
SE: vasodilation, GI (n/v abd pain, activation of peptic ulcer)
Interactions: vasodilators, statins
Precautions: DM, hepatic impair, hypotention, niacin allergy
Pt edu: Give with meals
Nursing: monitor V/S (esp BP), labs (chol, LFT) |
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Term
Bile acid sequestrants
(chol's)
Questran, Colestid, WelChol |
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Definition
Binds with bile acid making nonabsorbable
Unusual uses: pruritis, diarrhea
SE: GI (indigestion, n/v, abd pain/cramping, distention
not first drug of choice (3rd or 4th )
Pt edu: take before meal, special mixing directions, may need supplemental vits (A,D,E,K), will cause constipation |
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Term
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Definition
Fish oil caps
Flax seed
Garlic
Salmon |
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Term
Choloxin
(dextrothyroxine Na) |
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Definition
"Last ditch effort"
stimulates liver to ^ breakdown/excretion of chol
decreases LDL
Precautions: will cause abn thyroid function |
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Term
Nitrates
(NTG, Imdur, Isordil) |
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Definition
vasodilator (works on veins more than arteries)
decreases preload, redistr blood flow to collateral vessels
SE: H/A, low BP, palpitations, tacchycardia, dizziness
Interactions: alcohol, BP meds, impotence meds
Precautions: ortho hypo, recent MI, closed angle glaucoma, recent head trauma, cerebral hemorrhage
Pt edu: lifestyle mods, report-blurred vision, flushing, severe H/A, tachy, cool/cyanotic skin
Nursing: V/S before, during & after |
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Term
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Definition
used with chronic angina in pts who aren't controlled with standard therapy
Major SE: prolonged QT interval
Pt edu: avoid GF juice
Nursing: baseline & FU EKG |
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