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| The process of starting and stopping all daemons and hardware |
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| What loads the kernel into memory? |
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| Which daemon does the kernel execute first? |
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| What is the configuration file for the init daemon? |
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| A runlevel is an initialization stage which could load basic or more complex set of daemons |
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| What is another name for runlevels? |
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| initstates since they are controlled by the init daemon |
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| How many runlevels are there? |
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| Halt, the system has no active daemons and can be powered off |
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| Single User Mode, The system only has enough daemons for one user to log on |
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| User Defined, allows multiple users to log in without network file sharing support |
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| Multi-User Mode, allows multiple users and networking but without GUI |
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| Allows multiple users with networking and GUI |
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| Reboot, this will reboot the system |
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| What command do you type to view the runlevel? |
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| How do you change to a different runlevel? |
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| type init followed by the new runlevel such as init 3 |
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| What is the init configuration file? |
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| In the inittab file, what does id:5:initdefault: mean? |
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| Tells the computer to boot into runlevel 5 as a default during startup |
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| How do you change the inittab file to automatically boot into runlevel 3? |
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| In the inittab file, what does si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit mean? |
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| Tells the system to run sysinit on bootup |
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| Can you view the output of the sysinit on the screen during startup? |
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| Yes, you can see the daemons that are started and if they failed |
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| How do you see the screen details on Fedora Core? |
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| Click on Show Details to see the output from sysinit |
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| In the inittab file, what does 15:5:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc5 mean? |
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| Since the default runlevel is 5, then /etc/rc.d/rc5 is executed on startup |
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| What does /etc/rc.d/rc5 do? |
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| It starts the daemons that start with S and kill daemons that start with K in the /etc/rc.d/rc5.d directory |
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| How can you view which daemons are started at runlevel 5? |
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| Go to /etc/rc.d/rc5.d directory and look at the daemons |
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| How can you identify which daemons are started and which ones are killed at a runlevel? |
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| Go the /etc/rc.d/rc#.d directory (replace # with the runlevel) The files that start with S are started, the files that start with K are killed |
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| How can you view the success or failure of the daemons that are started at boot time? |
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| Look at the screen, or, in Fedora Core, click on Show Details to view daemon status |
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| How can you view the startup messages after you have already booted? |
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| Look at /var/log/boot.log and the /var/log/messages log files |
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| How are most daemons started? |
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| Most daemons are started by init |
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| What directory are the daemons that are started by init? |
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| If you boot to runlevel 5, in what directory does it look for daemons? |
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| Runlevel 5 looks in the /etc/rc.d/rc5.d directory |
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| If the daemons are stored in /etc/rc.d/init.d and runlevel 5 looks in another directory called /etc/rc.d/rc5.d how does it find the daemons? |
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| /etc/rc.d/rc5.d has symbolic links to the actual daemons located in /etc/rc.d/init.d directory |
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| What three commands can most daemons accept? |
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| What is the command to restart the /etc/rc.d/init.d/xinetd daemon? |
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| /etc/rc.d/init.d/xinetd restart |
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| What is the command to stop the /etc/gui daemon? |
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| /etc/gui stop (give the path to the daemon followed by the stop command) |
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| What is the command to start the /etc/dhcp daemon? |
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| /etc/dhcp start (give the path to the daemon followed by the start command) |
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| is there a symbolic link between /etc/init.d directory and /etc/rc.d/init.d directory? |
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| What is another way you can type /etc/rc.d/init.d/xinetd restart? |
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| /etc/init.d/xinetd restart is equivalent because of the symbolic link |
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| How can I make a daemon called rondaemon to automatically start at runlevel 5? |
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| Copy rondaemon into the /etc/rc.d/init.d directory, then make a symbolic link such as ln -s rondaemon /etc/rc.d/rc5.d/S99rondaemon |
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| Why did I place a symbolic link to the /etc/rc.d/rc5.d directory? |
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| All daemons are stored in /etc/rc.d/init.d but runlevel 5 has to look in /etc/rc.d/rc5.d directory |
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| How can I kill the daemon called rondaemon when entering runlevel 3? |
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| Leave rondaemon in /etc/rc.d/init.d (needed by runlevel 5) but make the link ln -s rondaemon /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/K01rondaemon |
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| Why did you have to make a symbolic link to /etc/rc.d/rc3.d directory? |
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| All daemons are stored in /etc/rc.d/init.d but runlevel 3 has to look in /etc/rc.d/rc3.d directory |
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| ntsysv is a utility program that makes it easier to set and kill daemons at different runlevels |
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| How do you start the ntsysv utility program? |
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| What runlevels can you start and stop daemons if you type ntsysv without parameters? |
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| You can only start and stop daemons in your current runlevel |
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| How can I use ntsysv with runlevels 0, 1 and 6? |
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