Single cells that contains chromosomes for both a sperm and an egg.

Zygotes

The study of continuity and change across the lifespan

Developmental Psychology

Social Psychology

The emotional bond that forms between a newborn and their primary caregivers

in general research suggests that children slightly decrease rather than increase their parents happiness for example, parents typically report lower marital satisfaction than do non-parents and the more children they have, the less satisfaction they report. I studies of marital satisfaction at different points in the lifespan revealed an interesting pattern of peaks and valleys. Marital satisfaction starts out high, plummets at about the time the children are in diapers, begins to recover, plummets again when the children are in adolescents, and returns to its premarital levels only when children leave home.

MMPI

(Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory)

Jean Piaget’s four stages of cognitive development (in order)

proposed that a child's cognitive development occurs in four stages:
1. the sensorimotor stage
2. the preoperational stage
3. the concrete operational stage
4. the formal operational stage

 - a well researched clinical questionnaire used to assess personality and psychological problems.

1.         Rorschach Inkblot Test

2.         Thematic Apperception Test

 Rorschach Inkblot Test  -  describe it & what is its Strenghts & Weaknesses?

a.     a projective personality test in which individual interpretations of the meaning of a set of unstructured inkblots are analyzed to identify a respondent's inner feelings and interpret his or her interpersonal structure.

                                                         i.     weaknesses: the test is open to the soup check this interpretation in theoretic bias of the examiner. In fact, to have value, a test of personality should permit prediction of a person's behavior, but evidence is sparse that Rorschach  test scores have such predictive

value. many psychologists still use the technique, but it is losing popularity.

Thematic Apperception Test

  -  describe it & what is its Strenghts & Weaknesses?

a.     a projective personality test in which respondents reveal underlying motives, concerns, and the way they see the social world through stories they make up about ambiguous pictures of people.

                                                         i.     Projective tests remain controversial in psychology. Critics argue that such tests are open to the subjective interpretation in theoretic biases of the examiner. When measured by rigorous scientific criteria, the TAT, like the Rorschach – and other projective tests, has not been found to be reliable or valid in predicting behavior.

a developmental experience in which a child's conflicting feelings toward the opposite sex parent is usually resolved by identifying with the same-sex parent. In Greek myth, Oedipus was a young man who, unknowingly, killed his father and ended up marrying his mother.

Approximately 40% of people will develop some type of psychological distal air during the course of their lives, a substantial cost and health, productivity, and happiness.

an unstable emotional condition characterized by cycles of abnormal, persistent high-mood (mania) and low-mood (depression).

a 0 to 100 rating of the person, with more severe disorders indicated by lower numbers and more effective functioning by higher numbers.

GAD: a disorder characterized by chronic excessive worry accompanied by three or more of the following symptoms: restlessness, fatigue, concentration problems, irritability, muscle tension, and sleep disturbance.

SAD: irrational fear of a particular object or situation that interferes with an individuals ability to function

1. Characteristics of Schizophrenia

·       where characterized by the professional and disruption of the sick psychological processes; a distorted perception of reality; altered or blunted emotion; and disturbances in thought, motivation, and behavior.

o   Delusion

o   Hallucination

o   disorganized speech

o   grossly disorganized behavior

o   negative symptoms

most therapists working with anxiety and depression use a blend of cognitive and behavioral therapeutic strategies, often referred to as cognitive behavioral therapy.

is a self-help program for the family and friends of those with alcoholic problems

Albert Ellis developed a comprehensive, active-directive, philosophically and empirically based psychotherapy which focuses on resolving emotional and behavioral problems and disturbances and enabling people to lead happier and more fulfilling lives.

Explores childhood events and encourages individuals to use this understanding to develop insight into their psychological problems

assume that human nature is generally positive, and they emphasize the central tendencies of each individual strive for personal improvement.

the culturally determined symbols and myths that are shared among all people that could serve as a basis for interpretation beyond sex or aggression.

He broke away from Freud and develop his own approach to phsyco-therapy

are endocrine glands that sit atop the kidneys; in humans, the right Adrenal glands is triangular shaped, while the left Adrenal glands is semilunar shaped. They are chiefly responsible for releasing hormones in response to stress through the synthesis of corticosteroids such as cortisol and catecholamines such as epinephrine.

is a condition in which an artery wall thickens as a result of the accumulation of fatty materials such as cholesterol. It is a syndrome affecting arterial blood vessels

type A behavior pattern, which is characterized by a tendency towards easily aroused hostility, impatients, a sense of time urgency, and competitive achievement strivings, and they compared type A individuals to those with less trivial behavior pattern sometimes called Type B.

white blood cells that produce antibodies that fight infection

To give students a sense of their stress level and how it compares to the average college student.  Scale is comparable to Social Readjustment Ratings Scale.

displays high resistance characteristics in the alarm phase, the resistance phase, and the exhaustion phase.

general difference:

Violence is a way of attaining a goal by harming others. Aggression can be carried out with or without the use of violence.

gender differences:

The single best predictor of impulsive aggression is gender.  Crimes such as assault, battery, and murder are almost exclusively perpetrated by men and especially by young men. Although most societies encourage males to be more aggressive than females, mental aggressiveness is not merely the product of socialization. Many studies show that impulsive aggression is strongly correlated with the presence of testosterone which is typically higher in men than in women.

A customary standard for behavior that is widely shared by members of a culture.

Passionate love, which is an experience involving feelings of euphoria, intimacy, and intense sexual attraction.

Compassionate love, which is an experience involving affection, trust, and concern for partners well-being.

is a discomfort caused by holding conflicting ideas simultaneously. An unpleasant state that arises when a person recognizes the inconsistency of his or her actions, attitudes, or beliefs.

Jean Piaget

He proposed that a child's cognitive development occurs in four stages:
1. The sensorimotor stage

2. The preoperational stage

3. The concrete operational stage

4. the formal operational stage