Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Lifespan Notes 4.7.09
N/A
62
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
05/04/2009

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

What is identity?

Definition

Sense of sameness (who you are)

Term

 Intrapersonal 

Definition

 - Who you see yourself to be (personal qualities) e.x. I'm gifted with music...

         - More in Western civilization  

         - More emphasis in men   (If the wife is happy than I'm happy)


Term

 Interpersonal  

Definition

  - Who you see yourself to be in relation to others (I'm a husband, father...)

          - More emphasis in Eastern civilization (collectivistic)

          - More emphasis in women  (describes happiness in relation to many other    

            relationships)

Term

 Reactive Identity

Definition

 -Where you become different from your core identity

    -around other people you become someone else

Term

Acceptable False Self

Definition

 -You perceive yourself as not fitting in.

       - You do things to fit in. (motivated by rejection

Term

Pleasing False Self

Definition

 - You try to impress others

       -  Make ourselves to look good, even if that's not who we really are in order to 

          be accepted.

Term

Experimental False Self

Definition

- Try it and see if you like it.  (I wonder if I would like to be a nurse)

      - Not faking it, just trying it on to see if it will work.

Term

Negative Identity

Definition

 - You react opposite of what people want.

       -  Rebel 

       -  People who have had an absence of identity (parents weren't involved)

       - Lack of control

      - High standards (can't be met)

Term

 Identity Statuses

Definition

 -James Marcia- where are they in terms of their identity 

    - Adolescence 

Term

Developing Identity

   Domains

 

 Family influences

 

Cultural influences   

Definition

 - You can have different type of identity in different areas of your life (Job,   

       marriage) 

 

 - Research has indicated Parents that  are Permissive = Foreclosure

     Parents that are loving=achievement   

 

  -Certain roles are more prevalent in certain cultures.

Term

Hope

(def. color. phrase.)

Definition

A continual looking forward to the actualization of desire

Color=Indigo 

Hope keeps trying

Term
Hope is...
Definition

patient 

A ship (sails forward) 

 

Term

Sexual Development 

 

Definition
Gradual changes over a period of years
Term
Sex
Definition

Refers to biological aspects of sexuality 

(ex. Genitalia, breasts...)

Term
Gender
Definition
Refers to environmental, what is culturally prescribed for males and females
Term
Stages of Sexual Development 
Definition

Pre-pubescence 

Adrenarche

Thelarche

Gondadarche

Menarche

Spermarche 

Post-Pubescence

Term

Pre-Pubescence

Definition

 -birth--> change of sex hormones that move you into a male direction (penis, or breast development for females)

Term

Adrenarche

Definition

-hormones begin to kick in.

        -andrenal glands, ovaries, testis secrete the hormones.

        -Females increase in estrogen 18 fold. (some in men, not nearly as high)

        -Males increase in testosterone 18 fold. (some in women, not nearly as high)

        -Internal changes exceed external

Term

Female (Thelarche)  

Definition

-The first external development (dev. of breast)

            - Begins ... african starts earlier, 15% of eur. by age of 8.  7-8/1000 of  

              puertoricans begin by the age of 2!

Term

Male Thelarche

Definition

  -ex. growth of body hair.

Term

Gonadarche (Puberty) (newbility)

Definition

  -When a person begins to achieve the ability to reproduce themselves.


Term

Female (Menarche)

Definition

  - Beginning of the menstrual period (lining sheds itself)

             - When does it begin? Depends...  USA aprox. 12.  africa=8 years sooner

             - bigger the female the sooner the menstrual cycle.

Term

 Male (Spermarche)

Definition

             -When a male can first ejaculates sperm (nocturnal emission)

             -Somewhere past the age of 13


Term

Post-Pubescence

Definition

- Male-could reach spermarche but not be able to grow a beard

         -Prime time for pregnancy is 20's

        --The maturity of egges and sperm are not generally high enough to produce a pregnancy until 1-2 years later.


Term

Early Menarche

Definition

  -Average 1 year sooner in usa than eu.

        -Warmer=sooner

        -urban= reach sooner than in rural

        -Chlorine, PB's, estrogen, processed food=sooner

Term

Early vs. Late Maturation

Definition

- females-  born with breast and pubic hair and began menstruation at   

           6 wks.

         - 5 1/2 year old had baby. (1939) carried to term=baby boy. healthy. Lina  

          madina

         - D.R. have over active adrenal glands

Term
What are the effects of early and late maturation in males and females?
Definition

- Male and early maturer, (2yrs sooner)  tend to be popular in school (bigger)  

           Athletes, social advantage. Insinct with female chronologically. 

         -Late- maturer emotionally, and have more intellectual outlook on life

         -Early female (2 years)is a disadvantage= more likely to get cancer, more

           likely to date older boys (get pregnant). Stand out more socially. High risk for  

           sexual abuse

         - late females- more advantageous- maturing at same rate as male peers. 

Term

Health:Gender Differences

Definition

 F stronger thymus (t-cells) and more disease fighting genes/ higher resistance to infection-yet get sick more often.  More problems with overactive immune system: arthritis, lupus, Alzheimer's may be linked to immune problems)

Term

Life Expectancy: Gender Differences 

Definition

 F- longer; Castrated males live longer-animals and people.  Amish males with missing part of Y chromosome - 5 years longer than females.   [ True for almost all animals-though exceptions such as hamsters and others exist]


Term

Hormones: Gender Differences 


Definition

 F- less stress hormones

Puberty: F- estrogen 18x higher testosterone (higher androgens)

Fluctuations: Female's estrogens highest during ovulation; progesterone-preg.  Male's testosterone highest in the fall. males more stress hormones.

Term

Extremes.: Gender Differences 

Definition

-Females- Higher estrogens linked with higher fine motor, articulation, smell, and decreased spatial 

High testosterone- better math, spatial

Low testosterone (Turner's) decline in math (ex. poor)

-Males-High testosterone: Violent prisoners, NFL players, increased fighting, increased sex drive

Low testosterone: Better at math., spatial tasks; lower sex drive.

 


Term

 Complete Celibacy

Definition

-no sexual activity at all. 

Term

Partial Celibacy

Definition

no interpersonal sexuality, but autoerotic sexual activity. 

Term

Autoerotic

Definition

Self stimulation

Term

Masturbation

Definition

 - response is a spinal reflex

         - onanism

         - The bible doesn't address it.

         - Christians need to be careful on taking a position when it's not in the bible,  

           there may be some verses that could address it indirectly.  

         -50% of all college students do ea. week.  14%(???) female

Term

Pornography

Definition

         - Viewing sexually explicit material 

         - The less attractive the partner, and less satisfaction with their sex life= more

         -  Job 31:1; Matthew 6:26


Term

 Paraphilia 

Definition

 Sexual arousal to objects, odd practices.

Term

 Transvestism 


Definition

Wearing clothes of opposite sex

Term

 Fetish

Definition

- Attraction to an object. 


Term

 

Petting

Light

Medium

Heavy


 

Definition

 

Erotically touching another person-physical intent, sexual intent.


Clothes on, no genital contact.  ex. kissing, hugging.


Clothes on, genital contact.  ex. Rubbing bodies together, touching breast,  

                genital area, ect...  Gen 26:8  "dis ain't brother and sister"


 Clothes off, genital touching.  Ex. Oral sex (mouth-genital contact), mutual masturbation (hand- genital contact)  Anal sex (genital-anus, hand tongue...)


 

Term

Intercourse

Definition

Penis enters the vagina

 

Term

Abstinence 


Definition

You do not have sexual intercourse (penis-vegina=intromission) before  

              marriage.

 

Pledge= higher % of STD's than those that don't. - more likely to contract   

               through oral than intercourse.  Anal is more dangerous.


Term

Double Standard 

Definition

Ok for Men but not Women to have sex before marriage.  (Onan)

              - Stud vrs. hor

Term

 Permissiveness w/ Affection


Definition

 Ok, as long as you care (what does caring mean? dating=sex)

             - Predominate in Western civilization. 


Term

Permissiveness w/o Affections

Definition

Don't have to have a relationship, just voluntary consent.

              - Casual sex. (one night stand)

              - huge gender diff. (Male says yes)


Term

Orientation

Definition

Who your sexual consent in directed to

 

Term
Heterosexuality 
Definition
When you are sexually attracted to the opposite sex
Term
Homosexuality 
Definition
Is when you are sexually attracted to the same sex
Term
Bisexuality 
Definition
Is when you are sexually attracted to both sexes
Term
Am-bisexuality 
Definition
Predominately homosexual, but will have sex with the other sex.
Term

Nonconsensual Sex with Others  

Definition

1. re-experiencing of event (dreams, thoughts)

    2. Avoidance (anything that deals with that event-dating, that sex)

    3. hyper arousal (certain triggers, phone ringing, )

    - may be similar 


Term

Children

          Sexual Abuse

Definition

Age of sexual consent varies from state- state

3 Year disparity 

Males are reluctant to report

Female abuse#1 incident is Genital fondling 

Male abuse #1 incident is sexual intercourse

Term

Pedophilia

Definition

 Exclusive interest in sex with kids. min 16 years, + five years older than  

                victim

Term

Incest


Definition

Sexual relations b/t two people, that are not husband and wife.

             - Most likely perpetrator.  Sibling abuse= 5x more frequent, followed by  

               father daughter. (Leviticus 18-20

Term

Rape

Definition

-20% women report

        -5 %men report

        -4% are by stranger

        - 96ish% you know who it is

Term

Courage 

Definition, Color, Symbol

Definition

The ability to face adversity danger and fear with endurance, purpose and inner strength.  

-Color= Red 

- Symbol= Lion

Term
Courage takes...
Definition

Passion

Persistence

Risk

 

Term

Morality 

 

Definition

Morality:  "Conformity with generally accepted  standards of goodness and rightness in  conduct and  character ."

Term
Ethics
Definition
"Morality applied to a particular domain."
Term

Religion

 

Definition
" Belief in a divine being who is to be obeyed and worshiped."
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