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life science
chapters 6-13
55
Science
6th Grade
05/19/2011

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Term
Fossil
Definition
hardened remains of a plant or animal that lived long ago
Term
Unicellular (1) Organism
Definition
made up of a single cell
Term
Multicellular (2+) Organism
Definition
made up of many cells
Term
Mass Extinction
Definition
one of several periods in earth's history when large members of species become extinct (dead)
Term
How do fossils help scientists study the past?
Definition
The age of a fossil tells when it was formed -- tells how old it is
Term
Adaptation
Definition
a characteristic of any inherited trait that makes species able to survive (adjust)
Term
Evolution
Definition
the process where species change over time; new species or extinct species over the course of earth's history
Term
Natural Selection
Definition
members of a species that are best-suited (strongest) in their environment survive/reproduce (have babies) at a higher rate
Term
Charles Darwin's Theory
Definition
Strongest animals survive; Natural Selection
Term
Taxonomy
Definition
Classify and Name Organisms (dog breeds)
"Canis lupus familiaris"
Term
6 Kingdoms (BAP FAP)
Definition
1) bacteria 2) archaea 3)protist and
4) fungi 5) animals 6) plant
Term
Opportunist
Definition
species with a short lifespan with lots of offspring compared to a competitor
Term
Microorganism
Definition
very small organism that you can only see with a microscope
Term
Binary (2) Fission
Definition
genetic materials thats copied & 1 cell divides into 2 independent cells. Each are a copy of the original cell.
Term
Virus
Definition
non-living, disease causing particle that uses genetic materials inside the cell to make copies of itself. Enclosed by protein coat.
Term
3 Things Needed to Survive
Definition
Sun, Water & Food
Term
Producer
Definition
captures energy from sun and transfers into chemical energy that is stored in energy-rich compounds
Term
Decomposer
Definition
feeds on and breaks down dead plants or animal matter (poop)
Term
Parasite
Definition
absorbs materials from the body of another organism (often harms it)
Term
Difference between Virus & Bacteria
Definition
Virus = non-living Bacteria=living
Term
Plankton
Definition
drift in bodies of water (microscopic)
Term
Tissue
Definition
group of similar cells that are organized to do a specific job
Term
Organ
Definition
structure in a plant/animal that works together for a function (heart pumps blood)
Term
Sexual Reproduction
Definition
male & female reproductive cells combine to form offspring (babies) with genetic materials (genes) from both cells
Term
Fertilization
Definition
a male & female reproductive cell combine to make a new cell that can develop into a new organism (baby)
Term
Photosynthesis
Definition
green plants & producers USE simple compounds & energy from light make sugar (energy-rich compound)
Term
Stimulus
Definition
causes a response in an organism or part of body
Term
Consumer
Definition
Gets its energy by eating other living things in a food chain - Heterotrophs
Term
Predator
Definition
Hunts or eats other animals
Term
Prey
Definition
An animal that other animals hunt and eat
Term
Migration
Definition
movement of animals from one region to another in response to changes in seasons or environment
Term
Hibernation
Definition
Sleeplike state (during winter). Reduces need for food & protects them from the cold.
Term
Germination
Definition
the beggining of growth of a new plant from a spore or seed.
Term
8 Parts of a Flower
Definition
Anther, Filament, Stamen, Sepal, Stigma, Ovary, Pistil, Petal
Term
2 Ways Flowers Pollinate
Definition
1) Wind 2) Animals 3) Water
Term
Chemical Reaction of Photosynthesis
Definition
Carbon Dioxide + Water + Sunlight ==> Sugars + Oxygen
Term
2 Types of Tissue in the Plant Vascular System
Definition
1) Phloem 2) Xylem
Term
Invertebrate
Definition
NO backbone (spiders, ants, oysters)
Term
Vertebrate
Definition
Has backbone
Term
Sessile
Definition
Quality of being attached to one spot, not free-moving (sponge)
Term
6 Groups of Invertebrates (in order)
Definition
1) sponge-simple invertebrates that live in water 2)cnidarians-central opening surrounded by tentacles (jellyfish) 3) worms-soft tube-shaped bodies 4) mollusks- muscular foot that allows them to move & hunt (snail) 5)echinoderms-central opening/no tentacles (sand dollar) 6)arthropods- found land, water & air. Have legs, some wings (spiders, crabs)
Term
Exoskeleton
Definition
strong flexible outer covering of some invertebrates (arthropods)
Term
Metamorphosis
Definition
Transformation from an animal from its larval (baby) form to its adult form
Term
Molting
Definition
Process of an arthropod shedding its exoskeleton to allow for growth
Term
3 Groups of Arthropods
Definition
Insects, Crustaceans, Arachnids
Term
3 Body Sections of Arthropods
Definition
Abdomen (Butt), Thorax (Chest), Head
Term
2 Bodysystems of Earthworms
Definition
nervous & digestive systems
Term
Endoskeleton
Definition
Internal support system such as a skeleton made of bone
Term
3 Groups of Fish
Definition
Jawless (snakelike), Cartilaginous (sharks) and bony (flounder)
Term
Name & Describe the 5 Groups of Vertebrates
Definition
1) reptiles:cold blooded vertebrate, dry skin/scales 2)amphibian:cold-blooded vertebrate lives in water/land, moist skin, half life 3) mammals:warm blooded vertebrate, produce milk for young, have hair 4)birds: animals maintain their body temperature, feathers, wings 5)Fish: most diverse group of vertebrate, scale, gills
Term
Ectotherm
Definition
Animal whose body termperature changes with environmental conditions
Term
Endotherm
Definition
Animal who maintains a constant (doesn't change) body temperature
Term
Incubation
Definition
Process of keeping eggs warm by body heat until they hatch
Term
Placenta
Definition
Organ that transports nutrients between a pregnant female mammal and the developing offspring inside her body
Term
Gestation
Definition
The period of time spent by a developing offspring inside the mother's body (mammals)
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