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| release energy by breaking down complex molecules to simpler compounds |
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| consume energy to build complicated molecules from simpler compounds |
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| the sum total of all chemical reactions in a cell |
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the capacity to do work to move matter against opposing forces |
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| the energy that matter possesses because of its location or structure |
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| a form of potential energ in molecules because of the arrangement of atoms |
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the study of how organisms manage their energy resources |
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| those that can occur without outside help |
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| can only occur if energy is added to a system |
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| the portions of a system's energy that is able to perform work when temperature is uniform throughout the system |
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| absorbs free energy from its surroundings |
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| beating of cilia, contraction of muscle cells, and movement of chromosomes |
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| pumping substances across membranes against the direction of spontaneous movement |
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| driving endergonic reaction such as the synthesis of polymers from monomers |
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adenosine triphosphate - a type of nucleotide consisting of the nitrogenous base adenine, the sugar ribose, and a chain of three phosphate group |
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| a chemical agent that changes the rate of a reaction without being consumed by the reaction |
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biological catalyst, may be a protein of a RNA - speed up metabolic reactions
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