Term
| What are the 2 categories of peripheral WBCs? |
|
Definition
| Granylocytes and Agranulocytes |
|
|
Term
| What are the three Granulocytes and when do they show up? |
|
Definition
Neutrophils- acute inflammation, first line of defense
Eosinophils- allergic response, parasitic
Basophils- severe allergic, heparin and histamine in granules |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 Agranylocytes and when do they show up? |
|
Definition
Lymphocyte- immune response
Monocyte- chronic inflammation phagocyte |
|
|
Term
| What is the most commonly seen WBC? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is an immature Neutrophil called? |
|
Definition
Band Neutrophil
Seen in left shift and more inflammatory processes |
|
|
Term
| What characterized a Hypersegmented Neutrophil? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What shape are the granules in canine and feline Eosinophils? |
|
Definition
canine- round
feline- rod-shaped |
|
|
Term
| What are the granule colors in canine and feline Basophils? |
|
Definition
Canine- dark blue granules (darker than the nucleus)
Feline- Round lavender granules (suttle difference in color…look at shape of granule) |
|
|
Term
| What is the second most commonly seen WBC? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the largest WBC? How often is it seen? |
|
Definition
Monocyte
It is usually absent or seen in low numbers |
|
|
Term
| What can cause changes in WBC morphology? |
|
Definition
May result from disease processes that affect appearance and/or function
May be normal reaction to disease
May be non-pathological |
|
|
Term
| What are the stages of maturation of a Neutrophil? |
|
Definition
1. Myeloblast
2. Promyelocyte
3. Myelocyte
4. Metamyelocyte
5. Band Neutrophil
6. Segmented Neutrophil |
|
|
Term
| What is the normal size of a Neutrophil? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the primary function of a Neutrophil? What regulates it? |
|
Definition
Phagocytosis (eating other cells)
Regulated by Granulopoietin (produced by stimulation of bacteria) |
|
|
Term
| Neutrophils may contain what material that can be of diagnostic significance? |
|
Definition
Phagocytized material (ex: bacteria)
Or, in cases of immune-mediated hemolysis, they may contain phagocytized RBCs |
|
|
Term
| What can cause a stree leukogram? |
|
Definition
Stress (can double WBCs in cats)
Illness |
|
|
Term
| What can a stress leukogram (change in CBC) cause? |
|
Definition
Neutrophilia
Lymphopenia
Eosinopenia
Occasional Monocytosis
(Steroids can also case these things) |
|
|
Term
| What is a regenerative left shift? |
|
Definition
| Young Neutrophils are present but there are also still plenty of adult Neutrophils |
|
|
Term
| What is a degenerative left shift? |
|
Definition
| Young Neutrophils are present and there is a decreased number of adult Neutrophils |
|
|
Term
| What are the primary causes of Neutropenia? |
|
Definition
sudden demand
sequestration (hiding)
decreased bone marrow production |
|
|
Term
| What are other causes of Neutropenia? |
|
Definition
viruses (parvo, panleukopenia)
transfusions
drugs
neoplasia |
|
|
Term
| How long are Neutrophils in the blood stream? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How long can Neutrophils live in tissues? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the circulating granulocyte pool (CGP)? |
|
Definition
| The granulocytes that are circulating in the blood; the ones "out on patrol." |
|
|
Term
| What is the marginal granulocyte pool (MGP)? |
|
Definition
| The granulocytes that are not out patrolling at the moment but waiting on the sidelines |
|
|
Term
| What are the two main causes of Eosinophilia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the causes of Eosinopenia? |
|
Definition
Steroids
Cushings
Prolonged stress |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cellular immune reactions |
|
|
Term
| Neutrophils are produced over a period of how long? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The presence of what WBC indicates inflammation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which WBCs are involved with cell mediated immunity? |
|
Definition
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