Term
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Definition
Usually NOT terrestrial nor vascular.
Consists of Bacteria, Green Plants and Protozoa |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| single cells, Pseudofilaments (no shared cell wall),Filaments,Colonies,tissue differentiation. |
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Term
| Algae Ecology-aquatic, free-living |
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Definition
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Term
| Algae Ecology-Attached or periphyton, -ic |
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Definition
Mud (epipelon, -ic)
Sand (epipsammon, -ic)
Other plants (epiphyton, -ic) |
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Term
| Algae Lecture example of Terrestrial Algae |
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Definition
| Parasitic Green Algae: Cephaleuras or "red rust". It creates orange discs on leaves and fruit |
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Term
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Definition
| Soil and temporary water bodies |
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Term
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Definition
| remember that pigments absorb specific wave lengths of the electromagnetic spectrum. The visible wavelength that pigment does not absorb is reflected. This is the color we usually perceive. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Carotenoids:Carotenes alpha, beta, gamma, epsilon |
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Term
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Definition
Xanthophylls:
At least 15, some restricted to one major class |
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Term
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Definition
two kinds:
Phycocyanin (blue-green color)
Phycoerythrin (red color) |
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Term
| Name two symbiotic events leading to photosynthetic biodiversity. |
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Definition
cyanobacterial (CP) primary endosymbiosis
Red Algal secondary endosymbiosis |
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Term
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Definition
| Capture of a cyanobacterium by some eukaryotic “protozoan” |
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Term
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Definition
| Capture of a photosynthetic eukaryote by another eukaryote |
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Term
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Definition
Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae)
Everywhere, particularly N limited conditions and highly eutrophic habitats |
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Term
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Definition
Chlorophyta (green algae)
Everywhere, often dominant in the summer plankton |
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Term
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Definition
Chrysophyta/Synurophyta (chrysophytes)
More common in slightly acidic habitats (e.g., East Texas lakes) |
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Term
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Definition
Dinoflagellata, Pyrrophyta, Dinophyceae (dinoflagellates)
More diverse in the ocean, not abundant, but common in lakes |
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Term
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Definition
Euglenophyta (euglenophytes)
Most diverse in swamps and marshes (organic, acidic) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Cryptophyta: found in lakes, marine and brackish waters. Has chloroplasts and two unequal flagella. Cell propelled by ejectisomes. |
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Term
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Definition
Rhodophyta (red algae)
Rare in freshwater
Unicells to “macroalgae”, seaweeds |
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Term
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Definition
Phaeophyta
Unicells to giant kelp, seaweeds
Absent from freshwaters |
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Term
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Definition
Haptophyta:
Coccolithophorids: most abundant with an exoskeleton of calcareous plates
Toxic Algal Bloom: Chrysochromulina and Prymnesium |
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Term
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Definition
Prokaryotes
Use Clorophyll a
Most species have Heterocysts
Akinetes present |
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Term
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Definition
Uses Chlorophyll a and b
Most are Flagellates
Filamentous
Colonial
Some even organized with differentiation such as seaweeds and pondweeds. Ex. Chara: the most closely related algae to plants |
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Term
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Definition
Chlorophyll a and c
B-carotene
Mostly unicellular
Flagellated
Often siliceous scales
Form resting cysts made of silica
Prefer oligotrophic, low temp, low light, soft waters, slightly acidic waters (e.g., swamps)
A few supplement photosynthesis with phagotrophy (eat bacteria) |
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Term
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Definition
Flagella
Heterotrophic
Acid waters
Very motile |
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Term
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Definition
Chlorophyll a, c
Siliceous wall
Frustule: Valves, Girdle bands
Unusual life history:
Size reduction dominates
Smallest cells undergo meiosis
Zygotes swell
Process restarts!
Classified into: Centrics and Pennates |
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Term
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Definition
produced by Bacillariophyta Pseudonitzschia
present from high levels of eutrophication
causes amnesiac shellfish poisoning |
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Term
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Definition
Close relatives are disease parasites
cell wall composed of plates
2 flagella, one transverse and one longitudinal
Form cysts capable of long periods of stasis
Widely distributed but rarely abundant in any lake
Can form toxic blooms – “red tide” |
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Term
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Definition
Haptonema
Nearly entirely absent from freshwaters
Very abundant in the ocean
Some with carbohydrate scales
Rarely with silica scales
Best known are those with CaCO3 scales
can be noxious |
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Term
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Definition
| cell walls, spines, mucilagenous sheath, size (colony or filamentous, or large) and surface to volume ratio affects ingestability. (plus stoichiometry) |
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Term
| anatomical structure-swimming |
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Definition
flagella affect motility and nutrient recruitment
Gas vacuoles affect bouancy |
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Term
Habitats in which you would expect to find:
Euglenophytes
Chrysophytes/Synurophytes |
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Definition
Euglenophytes: acidic waters such as in bogs and fresh water. Very few species in Marine.
Chrysophytes are freshwater
Synurophytes are marine causing brown tide |
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Term
| How do blue-green algae without heterocysts fix N? |
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Definition
| Through temporal separation of photosynthesis and N fixation. THis is an aerobic process. |
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Term
| Name Examples of algae that are both heterotrophic and photosynthetic. |
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Definition
| A few Chrysophytes/Synurophytes supplement photosynthesis with phagotrophy (eat bacteria) |
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