Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two most important flight muscles? |
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Definition
-supracoracoideus
-pectoralis |
|
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Term
| What is the most common fracture sight? |
|
Definition
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Term
| Avian vision exceeds in terms of what four things? |
|
Definition
-acuity
-color dicrimination
-mvement detection and motion tracking
-size of the eye both absolute and relative |
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Term
| Birds are (tetra/tri)chromatic, mammals are (Tetra/tri)chromatic. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of the nictitating membrane? |
|
Definition
-lubricates and cleans the cornea and protects eyes from abrasion
-very transpearent |
|
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Term
| What are the two advantages to the avian nictitating membrane? |
|
Definition
-clear thus can see pretty well even when it is closed
-pupil does nto have to readjust during a blink |
|
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Term
| What is accomodation in birds? |
|
Definition
-change lens and cornea shape
-striated muscles |
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Term
| True or FAlse: The retina is actually part of the brain. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the names of the receptors of the eye? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What do cones do? Where in the eye are they located? |
|
Definition
-enhance visual acuity, associated with diurnal activity
-centrally located in the eye
-cones may be single or double |
|
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Term
| What do rods do? Where in the eye are they located? |
|
Definition
-nocturnal activity, associated with non-color vision
-peripherally located
-several rods synapse with a single ganglion cell |
|
|
Term
| How is the retinal specialized in birds? |
|
Definition
-near the central fovea
-extremely well organized |
|
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Term
| What is the significance of birds having multiple fovea? |
|
Definition
| -that means they have several areas of high acuity |
|
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Term
| What is the avian pecten? |
|
Definition
-located on the optic disc
-highly vascular
-exact function unknown |
|
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Term
| True or False: In addition to the aforementioned adaptations in the visual system, birds can also detect polarized light and sense the magnetic fiels of the earth. |
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Definition
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