Term
| Ivan Pavlov, the pioneer of what? |
|
Definition
Behavorism. He was not a "psychologist" he was a scientist. He was primarily interested in the role salivation played in the digestive process
of animals. He used a tuning fork in concert with the meat to create the associative connection |
|
|
Term
| A Controlled Stimulus has a result of...... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Behavioral principles are often used by |
|
Definition
| Advertisers. ie:Walmart happy face, ipod apple, McDonalds golden archs |
|
|
Term
| John Watson was considered the father of... |
|
Definition
| Considered father of Behaviorism - environmental determinism Denied human instincts, inherited temperaments, capacities or talents Introduced the “Behaviorist Manifesto” in 1913, which saw psychology as the “science of behavior” |
|
|
Term
| What does Watsons Manifesto claim? |
|
Definition
| Watson claimed that introspective psychology [Freud] was unscientific because it did not deal with objective [measurable] states. He rejected all subjective states such as sensation, imagery and thought unless they could be observed and measured by others. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the prediction and control of behavior |
|
|
Term
| What was Watson most known for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Operant Conditioning, dealt only with observational behavior |
|
|
Term
| BF Skinner main ideas were.... |
|
Definition
Believed that environmental consequences shape behavior - precludes free-will
Knowing a person's reinforcement history more important than knowing their score on personality inventory |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between Operant Conditioning and Classical Conditioning? |
|
Definition
| Operant uses an S-O-R bond. |
|
|
Term
| Skinners view of Behaviorism |
|
Definition
View is scientific
Behaviorists focus on:
External behavior
Environmental influences
Systematic application of principles of learning
Choice potential |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Current behavior vs historical antcedents
Observable and measurable behavior
Reinforcement
Changing or Shaping Behavior
Many, varied techniques
Progressive relaxation
Systematic desensitization |
|
|
Term
| what is systematic desensitization? |
|
Definition
Deconditioning of phobias
Extinguishes fear by gradually relaxing subject and simultaneous gradual introduction of the fear -inducing stimulus
Focus is on conditioning from the outside - contradicts Freud's unconscious model of fear |
|
|
Term
| Albert Banduras invented the..... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Reciprocal Determinism..... |
|
Definition
| the world and a person's behavior cause each other |
|
|
Term
| Who used the Bobo Doll study? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who used the Bobo Doll study? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the steps in the "Modeling Process" by Bandura |
|
Definition
| 1.Attention 2.Motivation 3.Retention 4.Reproduction |
|
|
Term
| What are the concepts of Self Regulation by Banduras? |
|
Definition
| Controlling your own behavior Self Observation- monitoring their our behavior Judgement-Compare observations with a standard Self-Response-reward responses vs. punishment responses |
|
|
Term
| What are the concepts of "Self Concept" by Banduras? |
|
Definition
| Determining Our Self- Esteem If person sees self as meeting their standards, hence giving self-praise and self-reward, natural outcome is to have positive self-concept If person sees self as not meeting their standards, hence giving negative self- judgment and self-punishment, natural outcome is to have negative self-concept |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 stages of cognitive development by JEAN PIAGET? |
|
Definition
1. Sensorimotor
2. Pre-operational
3. Concrete Operational
4. Formal Operational |
|
|
Term
| What is Stage 1 by Jean Paiget? |
|
Definition
| Birth to 2 years old -Experience life with five senses- learn through senses rather then through mental operations -Concerned with immediate reactions |
|
|
Term
| What is Stage 2 by PAIGET? |
|
Definition
| Ages 2-7 years old Acquire motor skills pouring liquids, using buttons, writing or drawing Develops intuitive thought - believe in something w/o knowing why start to manipulate surroundings |
|
|
Term
| What is Stage 3 by PAIGET? |
|
Definition
| 7-11 years Able to to think logically about concrete events Begins to view from others perspective Relationships between mind and surroundings |
|
|
Term
| What is stage 4 by JEAN PAIGET? |
|
Definition
| Age 11 and up Able to think about abstract events and draw conclusions Able to see "shades of grey" Thought develops through assimilation and accommodation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Multiple Intelligences and studied under Erik Erikson |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The inventor of the IQ test?
he believed in singular intelligence
developing the testsand measuring |
|
|
Term
| Who is Francis Galton and what phrase did he coin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reaction times on simple cognitive tasks = genetically determined physiological responses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Environmentally determined forms, or “learned” behavior |
|
|
Term
| According to Gardner intelligence is |
|
Definition
| “...the capacity to solve problems or to fashion products that are valuable in one or more cultural setting.” |
|
|
Term
| What is Self Concept by Banduras? |
|
Definition
| Determining Our Self Esteem If person sees self as meeting their standards, hence giving self-praise and self-reward, natural outcome is to have positive self-concept If person sees self as not meeting their standards, hence giving negative self- judgment and self-punishment, natural outcome is to have negative self-concept |
|
|
Term
| What is Linguistic intelligence? |
|
Definition
Sensitivity to written and spoken language
Ability to learn languages
Use language to accomplish goals
Self-expression rhetorically or poetically
Sensitivity to order of words, grammar, meter, inflection
Have highly developed auditory skills
Enjoy reading and writing
Like to play word games
Have a good memory for names, dates, and places
They like to tell stories, and can get their point across to others
They learn best by saying and hearing words |
|
|
Term
| What professions would someone with Linguistic intelligence ? |
|
Definition
| Writers, Poets, Lawyers, Speakers |
|
|
Term
| What are the traits of a person who has Musical-Rhythmic Intelligence? |
|
Definition
Performance and composition
Appreciation of musical patterns
Recognize and compose pitch, tone and rhythm
Structurally parallel to linguistic intelligence |
|
|
Term
| What are the traits of Logical-Mathematical Intelligence? |
|
Definition
Logical Analysis
Mathematical Operations
Scientific Investigation
Detecting Patterns
Deductive Reasoning |
|
|
Term
| What are the traits of Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence? |
|
Definition
Using ones body to solve problems
Coordinate body movements
Hands on Learners
Mental and Physical activity |
|
|
Term
| What are the traits of Visual-Spatial Intelligence? |
|
Definition
Work well with maps, charts, diagrams, and visual arts in general
Able to visualize clear mental images
Like to design and create things
Learn best by looking at pictures and watching videos
Sculptors, Painters and Architects, have good Visual-Spatial Intelligence. |
|
|
Term
| What are the Personal Intelligences? |
|
Definition
Inter-Personal
Intra-Personal |
|
|
Term
| What is Interpersonal Intelligence? |
|
Definition
Enjoy being around people, like talking to people, have many friends and engage in social activities
Usually can develop genuine empathy for feelings of others
Learn best by relating, sharing and participating in cooperative group enivironments
SALESPEOPLE, CONSULTANTS, COUNCILORS, and Teachers |
|
|
Term
| What is INTRApersonal Intelligence? |
|
Definition
Aware of their own strengths, weaknesses, and feelings
They are aware of self, being creative and independent and reflective thinkers
Possess self confidence, determination, and high motivation
May respond with strong opinions when controversial topics are discussed.
OCCUPATIONS: Psychologists, Entrepenurs, philosophers |
|
|
Term
| What is Multiple Intelligence? |
|
Definition
Intelligences rarely work alone but can complement each other
Every person has a unique blend of all seven
An intelligence can be strengthened |
|
|
Term
| Determinism is made up of.... |
|
Definition
| Biological, Environmental, Self(i dunno) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stimulus--->Freedom to Choose--->Response |
|
|
Term
| What was Viktor Frankl's Ordeal? |
|
Definition
incarcerated by nazi's in Auschwitz and Dachau during world war 2
Throughout the ordeal, he found that those who held onto a vision of the future were most likely to survive the suffering. |
|
|
Term
| Frankl came to believe..... |
|
Definition
without suffering and death, the human life cannot be complete
people desire the tension involved in striving for some worthy goal- no growth without anxiety
if not present, settle into comfort and inertia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Freedom, Choice and Responsibility
Everyone has the capacity for self awareness
Uniqueness and Identity
Accept our Aloneness and create meanings
Mental health = what one wants to become and what one actually is |
|
|
Term
| What is CARL RODGERS HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY: ASSUMPTIONS? |
|
Definition
People are innately good
Behavior is purposive and goal-directed (JUNG)
Disturbed behavior is the result of faulty learning
Effective learning takes place when a person receives
Unconditional Positive Regard ie. Lances story about his dog licking his hand after he broke her hip |
|
|
Term
| Rodgers also believed that..... |
|
Definition
people who were "fully-functioning" had...
an openness to experience
self-trust
internal source of evaluation
willingness to continue growing |
|
|
Term
| "To be nobody but yourself in a world which is doing its best, night and day, to make you like everyone else, means to fight the hardest battle any human being can fight; and never stop fighting.” THIS QUOTE MEANS? |
|
Definition
| Be yourself and don't stop being yourself. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| human motives is the tendency for a new and higher need to emerge as the lower need fulfills itself by being sufficiently gratified." |
|
|
Term
| What are the Characteristic of a Self-Actulized Person? |
|
Definition
An accurate perception of reality
Independence, Creativity, and Spontaneity
Treat people with Unconditional Positive Regard
Not interested in how they look to others
Open to "experiencing" |
|
|
Term
| What are Self Defeating Beliefs? |
|
Definition
| Puppy syndrome is when you think that everyone you meet will love you. Plate spinner syndrome is when you think you must do everything perfect. Wizard of O syndrome is when you think you are in control of everything. The Bitch syndrome is when you label someone because things are not going your way. The superman syndrome is when you need someone with you to always get you out of a jam. The two types between this is the person that feel abandonment the other feels like they are captured. |
|
|
Term
| Who is the primary contributer to Cognitive Psychology? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the Anatomy of Emotion by Albert Ellis? |
|
Definition
| A->B->C, Activating Events, Belief System, Emotional Consequences |
|
|
Term
| What is Cognitive Reframing? |
|
Definition
| ANY EXPERIENCE WILL HAVE MANY DIFFERENT MEANINGS TO YOU DEPENDING UPON WHAT IT HAS MEANT TO YOU IN SIMILAR SITUATIONS IN THE PAST |
|
|
Term
| Why theorists broke away from Freud? |
|
Definition
Freud had negative thinking in his theory
He believed that most if not all adult personality is shaped when you are a child |
|
|
Term
| What led Jung to search for meaning in his life? |
|
Definition
| He watched his father, whom was a pastor, lose his faith. This shook Jungs very foundations of belief |
|
|
Term
| Whos theory is the bridge between Freud and Existential Humanistic Theory? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does Carl Jung focus on? |
|
Definition
More concerned with what a person is becoming not their past
Self Realization and Whole Personality
Unconscious both potentially creative and destructive |
|
|
Term
| What is Jungs 4 ways of experiencing life? TFSI. What are the Two ways of expressing it? |
|
Definition
Thinking, Feeling, Sensing, Intuition
FInding meaning from inside self
Finding meaning from outside self |
|
|
Term
| What is Jungs 4 ways of experiencing life? TFSI. What are the Two ways of expressing it? |
|
Definition
Thinking, Feeling, Sensing, Intuition
FInding meaning from inside self
Finding meaning from outside self |
|
|
Term
| Who believes that human life is goal oriented |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What metaphor did Jung use for life stages? What are the stages? |
|
Definition
A rising and setting sun
Accommodation(first half of life) Reevaluation(Middle of life) Re-Integration(Later part of life) |
|
|
Term
| What is Jungs idea of the Collective Unconscious? |
|
Definition
stored information and memories from our ancestral
past
Pieces of human reactions or tasks to universal situations. This has occurred since primordial times |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 Jungian Archetypes? |
|
Definition
| Anima/Animus/Persona/Shadow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the unconscious female component in men |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the unconscious male component in women |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Its the mask you wear when you meet people. you act how you want people to see you. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| aspects of the psyche rejected by the ego that doesn't represent your self image. |
|
|
Term
| How did Jung view dreams? |
|
Definition
He saw dreams as a way to familiarize ourselves with our unconscious
He also believed dreams were a way to guide our waking self to "wholeness"
Saw dreams as a solution or aid to problems in our waking life. |
|
|
Term
| What are Alfred Adlers basic beliefs? |
|
Definition
He believed people are motivated by SELF INTEREST
He believes people are born "helpless" and are pushed/motivated by a sense of inferiority to actualize ourselves.
People are in control of their fate. |
|
|
Term
| Adler based relationships between what 2 ideas? |
|
Definition
| Activity and Social Interest |
|
|
Term
| Someone who is Active and Socially interested is a....... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Someone that is Active but not Socially Interested is a.... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Someone who isnt Active but is Socially Interested is a.... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Someone who isn't Active and isn't Socially Interested is a... |
|
Definition
|
|
