Term
| A meristerm is tissue that is able to ___ and ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| There are four types of meristem (differentiating, growing tissue). Apical occurs in primary growth of roots and ___. Lateral meristems occur during secondary growth, where ___ increases. Intercalary meristems are only found in ___ and allow for rapid regrowth of leaves. Reserve apical meristems are at buds and root tips and protect apical meristems. |
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Definition
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Term
| Primary meristems are types of apical meristems. There are three primary meristems which each create specific tissue: protoderm, which creates ___ tissue, ground meristem which creates ___ tissue and procambium that creates ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| Plants exhibit ___ growth, meaning that they can grow as long as they are living. |
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Definition
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Term
| Axillary primordium, located peripheal to the shoot apical meristem, are activated if ___. |
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Definition
| the apical meristem is removed |
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Term
| Xylem cells are dead ___ cells. Vessel elements compose a vessel and they work best in areas of abundant ___. |
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Definition
sclerenchyma (recall that all sclerenchyma cells are dead at maturity, unlike parenchyma and collenchyma cells)
water |
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Term
| A phloem system is made up of sieve tube elements, which have enlarged ___ (openinings between cells). They are aided by ___ cells, which allow them to retain their ___ and support them. Phloem systems transport products of photosynthesis. |
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Definition
plasmodesmata
companion
organelles |
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Term
| ONLY ___ have a pith in their stem, that is, ground tissue in the center of their stems comprised of parenchyma cells. Vascular tissue in stems of eudicots are ringed around the outside of the pith. Vascular bundles in moncots have an air space and two large xylems. |
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Definition
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Term
| In leaves, stroma (openings for gas exchange), are located more densly on the ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| A pith is seen in dicots, and NOT in ___. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| central core of a stem or root in a vascular plant |
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Term
| A Casparian strip is another name for an ___. It blocks water and other materials from entering the stele. |
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Definition
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Term
| The symplast in plants is the ___ side of the plasma membrane. |
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Definition
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Term
| A ___ force allows water to travel up plants through cohesion and adhesion after water exits through stomata on leaves (this transpiration is what drives the reaction). Water diffuses through membranes through osmosis. This is known as the "Transpiration-Cohesion-Tension Mechanism." The pressure potential is ___, because it is a pulling force. |
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Definition
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Term
| Phloem moves carbohydrates from ___ cells to ___ cells. The active transport of carbohydrates into sieve tubes drives the reaction. The pressure potential is ___, because it's a pushing force. |
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Definition
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Term
| Secondary growth allows plants to increase in ___. It is NOT seen in ___. Dicots and gymnosperms continue to have secondary growth even after primary has stopped. There are two lateral meristems: ___ cambium and ___ cambium. |
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Definition
thickness
monocots
vascular
cork |
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Term
| The vascular cambian is a type of lateral meristem that is involved in adding diameter to plants. When it divides, it can either add a new ___ cell towards the inside or a new ___ cell towards the outside. |
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Definition
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Term
| The cork cambium is a type of lateral meristem that increases plants' diameter. The cork is the ___most layer before the epidermis and cuticle. |
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Definition
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Term
| "Bark" is made up of: ___ (three things). |
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Definition
| the outermost phloem layer (dark), the cork cambium (thinner) and the cork (thin) |
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Term
| To tell the age of the tree you look at the number of ___ present. A ring consists of a lighter half, which is from the ___, and a darker half, from the ___. |
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Definition
rings
spring and summer
fall and winter |
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Term
| Lenticels are regions in the cork where loosely packed ___ cells provide an opening for gas exchange. |
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Definition
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Term
| In roots of monocots, vascular bundles are arranged in a ____, and in dicots they are arranged in a ___. |
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Definition
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