Term
| Fungi are a member of the ___ group, along with ___ and ___, which are unikonts. |
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Definition
opisthokont
animals
choanoflagellates |
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Term
| Endophytic fungus live on plants, ___ ground. Most provide benefits to the plant, like resistance, but some are ___. They have been found to live within the leaves and other tissue as well. The anticancer drug, taxol, found in yew trees, is an endophytic fungus. |
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Definition
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Term
| Asexual reproduction takes place in the ___ of fungus, at the ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| Sexual reproduction is not found in all fungi. The mating types must be genetically ___. During reproduction, the hyphae (remember: they branch off the body (mycelium)), fuse to form a 2n ___, which undergoes ___ to produce haploid spores. |
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Definition
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Term
| A dikaryotic fungus is different from a diploid fungus, because in the former, ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| There are six major phyla of fungus: microsporidia, chytrids, zygosopores, arbuscular mycorrhizael, ___ and ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| Microsporidia are a group of ___, which are ___, which are ___, which are eukaryotes. They are ___ intracellular parasites and have ___ cell walls. They also lack ___. |
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Definition
fungi
opisthokonts
unikonts
obligate
chitinous
mitochondria |
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Term
| Chytrids are a group of ___, which are ___, which are ___, which are eukaryotes. They are the only fungi that have ___, probably because they are aquatic. They also reproduce asexually and sexually and are the cause of the decline in amphibian population. |
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Definition
fungi
opisthokonts
unikonts
flagellum on their gametes |
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Term
| Zygomycetes are a terrestrial fungus, which are ___, which are ___, which are eukaryotes. Their fruiting structures produce haploid sporangiospores. Rhizopus stolonifer, AKA ___, is an example of a zygomycetes. |
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Definition
opisthokonts
unikonts
black bread mold |
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Term
| Glomeromycetes, AKA ___, are a fungi, which are ___, which are ___, which are eukaryotes. They only reproduce through asexual reproduction and are important for plant survival. |
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Definition
arbuscular mycorrhizael fungi
opisthokonts
unikonts
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Term
| Both sac and club fungi are ___, meaning that they have an n+n stage in their life cycle. |
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Definition
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Term
| Yeasts, brown mold, truffles, chestnut blight and penicillin are an example of ___ (aka Ascomycota). They reproduce ___. When compatiable mating types conjugate, a capsule called an ___ forms. |
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Definition
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Term
| Fruiting mushrooms that we are accustomed to seeing belong to the basidomycota, AKA ___, group. Their fruiting structures are called ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| Land plants evolved from a clade of green algae, they had plasmodesmatas, which ___, and embryos. |
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Definition
| joins the cyctoplasm of adjacent cells |
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Term
| To keep water inside, plants developed a waxy ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| Pores and stomatas on land plants enable ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| To protect from UV damage, plants developed ___. In Antarctica, for example, Ceratodon purpureus uses anthocyanid pigments. |
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Definition
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Term
| In land plants, a ___ is a case enclosing gametes. |
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Definition
| gametangia (aka gametophyte) |
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Term
| There are three nonvascular plant groups: ___ (three groups). They are restricted to wet environments and depend on ___ for fertilization of gametes. They are often short, because they do not have ___ to transport water and nutrients. The ___ generation is usually dominant. |
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Definition
liverworts, mosses (bryophytes), hornworts
water
vascular tissue
gametophyte |
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Term
| At the beginning of land plant evolution, the ___ generation dominated, and the ___ generation was dependent on and attached to it. This reversed over time. |
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Definition
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Term
| Liverworts are a nonvascular land plant, along with ___ and ___. Some of them have leafy gametophytes (although they are not true leaves), and some of thalloid gametophytes, meaning ___. |
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Definition
mosses and hornworts
they have a plant body that is not differentiated into stems and leaves |
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Term
| One difference between liverworts vs. mosses, hornworts and vascular plants is that they have ___, which liverworts do not. |
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Definition
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Term
| Before seed plants, which are heterospory, evolved, plants like mosses, liverworts and ferns were homosporous, meaning that they ___. |
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Definition
| have a single type of gametophyte produced by a single type of spores which have male and female reproductive organs |
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Term
| Seed plants are ___, meaning that their sporophytes produce two different spores, these spores become male or female gametophytes. The megasporangium becomes the ___ gametophyte and the microsporangium the ___ gametophyte. |
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Definition
heterosporous
female
male
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Term
| The gametophyte is the ___ generation, while the sporophyte is the ___ generation. All land plants have alternation of generations. |
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Definition
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Term
| Spores are produced in the ___ generation. The gametophytes produced by the spores go on to produce new plants. |
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Definition
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Term
| Hornworts are non-vascular plants, along with ___ and ___. Their gametophytes are ___ of cells. |
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Definition
liverworts
mosses
flat plates |
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Term
| "Bryophyte" is another term for a ___ plant. |
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Definition
| non-vascular (AKA liverworts, mosses and hornworts) |
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Term
| In the gametophyte of non-vascular plants, the antheridia produces the ___ gametes, while the archegonia produces the ___ gametes. In homosporous plants, the spore (created by the sporophyte generation) develops into a gametophyte with BOTH organs, while in hetersporous plants, the gametophyte only has one of the organs. |
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Definition
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