Term
| Protists are a ___ group which includes all eukaryotes that are not ___, ___ or ___. |
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Definition
paraphyletic
plants
animals
fungi |
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Term
| Protists can be single celled, multicellular or ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| Unikonts, a eukaryotic group, are made up of opisthokonts and ___. Choanoflagellates, animals and fungi belong to the ___ subgroup. |
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Definition
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Term
| All protists have a complex intracellular (within) structure. It may be internal or a hard exoskeleton called a shell or ___. As examples, foraminiferan have a ___ test, diatoms have a ___ test and dinoflagellates have plates made of ___. |
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Definition
test
calcium carbonate
silicon oxide
cellulose |
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Term
| Protists can move through three main mechanisms: ___ (used by amoeboids), ___ and ___. |
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Definition
psuedopodiums
cilia
flagella |
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Term
| Protists obtain food many ways. Heterotrophs can obtain food through absorption from the environment or ___ feeding (through pseudopodiums or filter feeding). Photosynthetic autotrophs use photosynthesis. |
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Definition
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Term
| Chloroplasts are ___, meaning they evolved independently. It is thought that photosynthetic eukaryotes were absorbed by larger cells and an endosymbiosis was created. When the smaller cells transitioned from independence to being an organelle their ___ shrunk, some of their ___ were transferred to the host cell and the host cell made ___ needed by the organelle. |
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Definition
homoplasies
genomes
genes
proteins
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Term
| ___ endosymbiosis of chloroplasts is seen in plants. |
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Definition
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Term
| Protists can reproduce ___ and ___. But then can also have sex without reproducing, like when ___ occurs in paramecium. |
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Definition
sexually
asexually
conjugation |
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Term
| Many eukaryotes (like plants) undergo alternations of generations. The two generations are the gametophyte (haploid) and the sporophyte (diploid). ___ is when male and female gametes are NOT different, ___ is when they are. U lactuca have ___ haploids. |
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Definition
Isogamy
anisogamy
isogamic |
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Term
| If something has isomorphic alternation of generations, it means that their alternating generations differ ___, but not ___. |
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Definition
genetically
morphologically |
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Term
| The haplontic life cycle is when the organism spends most of its time in the ___ stage. This occurs because immediately after the fusion of the two parent nuclei (karyogamy) the cell divides ___ to produce haploids. An example of this is Ulothrix. |
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Definition
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Term
| Eukaryotes can be divided into five main groups: ___ (five groups). |
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Definition
| chromalveolates, plantae, excavates, rhizaria and unikonts |
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Term
| Chromalveolates are a group of eukaryotes. This group contains three subgroups: ___ (three groups). ___ are known for their armored, elaborate scales. |
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Definition
alveolates, stramenopiles and haptophytes
Haptophytes |
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Term
| Alveolates belong to the ___ group, which belong to the eukaryotic group. They are made up of apicomplexans, dinoflagellates and ciliates. ___ are known for their photosynthetic nature in the ocean. ___ are all parasitic. |
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Definition
Chromalveolates
Dinoflagellates
Apicomplexans |
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Term
| Stramenopiles are a member of the ___ group, which are a member of the eukaryotic group. They contain brown algae, diatoms and oomycetes. Seaweed are ___ which use chlorophyll a and c. ___ preserve well as fossils. |
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Definition
Chromalveolates
brown algae
Diatoms |
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Term
| The plant group belongs to the ___ group. It can be broken down into five subgroups: glaucophytes, red algae, chlorophytes, land plants and charophytes. |
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Definition
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Term
| Glaucophytes belong to the ___ group, which belong to the ___ group. They use chlorophyll ___ and have a remnan layer from ancestral cyanobacterium which is lost in other groups. |
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Definition
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Term
| Red algae are a member of the ___ group, which belong to the ___ group. They use chlorophyll a, phycoerythrin and phyocyanin to absorb light and are marine. They can be the color ___ or red (due to the phycoerythrin pigment). They are the deepest photosynthesizing organisms and are the source of agar. |
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Definition
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Term
| Charophytes (AKA charales) are a member of the ___ group, which are a member of the ___ group. They are freshwater and use the pigments chlorophyll ___, chlorophyll ___, carotenoids and ___. |
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Definition
plant
eukaryotic
a
b
xanthophyll |
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Term
| Another name for chlorophytes is ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| Oomycetes are a member of the ___ group, which belong to the ___, which are eukaryotes. Most are non-parasitic, although two are severe plant pathogens (Plasmopara viticola and Phytophthora infestans). They are also called "water molds" at times. |
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Definition
stramenopiles
chromalveolates
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