Term
MI: imbalance of Oxygen supply and demand
Angina Pectoris: primary symptom associated with ischemic heart disease.
Pain is due to accumulation of metabolites in muscle tissue |
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Definition
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Term
Stable Angina: atherosclerotic block of coronary artery
Unstable angina: rupture of plague, transient attack
Silent/Effort ischemia: early stage, by exercise
Variant angina: coronary vasospasm
MI: Heart attack, death of tissue
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Definition
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Term
Nitrates: Nitroglycerin
Regulate Ca channel through NO, relax arterioles
Indication: effort angina, variant angina, acute coronary syndrome
Mech: ↓ venous return, cardiac size, workload
Side-effects: ortho hypotsn, tachycardia, H/A |
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Definition
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Term
Voltaged gated Ca blockers:
Verapamil, Nifedipine, Diltiazem
Indication: Effort angina, variant angina
Mech: peripheral vasodilation, reducde work
Toxicity: Ortho-Hypo, AV block, edema |
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Definition
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Term
Beta-Blockers
Propanolol
Indication: Effort angina, acute coronary syndrom
Mechanism: reduce BP and cardial work
Side-effects: Ortho-Hypo, tachycardia, H/A |
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Definition
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Term
Inhibition of Cholesterol synthesis
Statins (Lovastatin)
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, block de novo synthesis of cholesterol
side effects: skeletal muscle or liver damage, intefere with mylination in infants |
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Definition
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Term
Preventing Cholesterol Reabsorption
Resins ( Cholestyramine)
Mechanism: non-absorbable macromolecule that bind cholesterol to prevent reabsorption from gut
Side-effects: gritty taste, GI discomfort, interfere drug and vitamine absorption |
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Definition
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Term
Reduction of VLDL Secretion
Niacin (nicotinic acid, VB3)
action not well understood
Side effects: flush with itching |
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Definition
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Term
Increased Synthesis of Lipoprotein Lipase
Fibrates (Gembibrozil, fenofibrate)
Mechanism: activate peroxisome-proliferation-activated receptor alpha, which increase lipase activity
Side effects: Nausea, skin rash, increased risk of gall stone |
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Definition
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Term
Inhibition of Blood Coagulation
Warfarin: block reactivation of Vit-K epoxidel, binds coagulation factors
Heparin: Binds coagulation factor X and antithrombin 2
Vit K is important co-factor for many enzyme in coagulation pathway!!! |
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Definition
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