Term
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Definition
| A relatively durable change in behavior or knowledge that is due to experience |
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Term
| Laws of Association and effect |
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Definition
| we acquire knowledge that learning takes place through associating ideas, events, occurrences (if two events occur in close enough sequence, we will form an association between them) |
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Term
| Principle of Adaptive Hedonism |
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Definition
| act in ways to avoid pain, and seek out pleasure |
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Term
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Definition
| A type of learning in which a neutral stimulus acquires the ability to evoke a response that was originally evoked by another stimulus |
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Term
Unconditioned Stimuli
UCS |
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Definition
| A stimulus that evokes an unconditioned response without previous conditioning |
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Term
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Definition
| A previously neutral stimulus that has, through conditioning, acquired the capacity to evoke a conditioned response |
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Term
Unconditioned Response
UCR |
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Definition
| an unlearned reaction to an unconditioned stimulus that occurs without previous conditioning |
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Term
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Definition
| A learned reaction to conditioned stimulus that occurs because of previous conditioning |
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Term
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Definition
| notice something out of the ordinary |
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Term
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Definition
| a reaction that becomes habit |
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Term
| Temporal Arrangements of CS- UCS |
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Definition
The relationship in which a conditioned stimulus and an unconditionted stimulus are paired
1. simultaneous = at the same time
2. delayed=CS presented before UCS
3. forward=conditioned stimulus presented before unconditioned stimulus
4. trace forward=conditioned stimulus presented and taken away before unconditioned stimulus
5. backward=unconditioned stimulus presented before the conditioned stimulus |
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Term
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Definition
| The gradual weakening and disappearance of a conditioned response tendency |
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Term
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Definition
| The phenomenon that occurs when an organism that has learned a response to a specific stimulus responds in the same way to new stimuli that are similar to the original stimulus |
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Term
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Definition
| The phenomenon that occurs when an organism that has learned a response to a specific stimulus does not response in the same way to stimuli that are similar to the original stimulus |
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Term
| Second-order/higher-order Conditioning |
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Definition
| A type of conditioning in which a conditioned stimulus functions as if it were an unconditioned stimulus |
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Term
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Definition
| a form of learning in which voluntary responses come to be controlled by their consequences |
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Term
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Definition
| An event following a response that strengthens the tendency to make that response |
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Term
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Definition
| Events that are inherently reinforcing because they satisfy biological needs |
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Term
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Definition
| stimulus events that acquire reinforcing qualities by being associated with primary reinforcers |
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Term
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Definition
| Reinforcement that occurs when a response is strengthened because it is followed by the presentation of a rewarding stimulus |
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Term
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Definition
| The strengthening of a response because it is followed by the removal of an aversive (unpleasant) stimulus |
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Term
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Definition
| An event that follows a response that weakens or suppresses the tendency to make that response |
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Term
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Definition
| The gradual weakening and disappearance of a conditioned response tendency |
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Term
| Method of Successive approximations |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| method of successive approximations |
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Term
| Schedules of Reinforcement |
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Definition
how often does the reinforcement occur
1. continusous vs partial
2. ratio vs interval
3. variable vs fixed |
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Term
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Definition
| Reinforcing every instance of a designated response |
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Term
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Definition
Fixed interval
Fixed ratio
Variable interval
Variable ratio |
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Term
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Definition
| do something to be reinforced, # of times |
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Term
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Definition
| reinforced due to the amount of time |
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Term
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Definition
| change in reinforcement schedule |
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Term
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Definition
| unchanging reinforcement schedule |
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Term
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Definition
| acquire knowledge through thinking |
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Term
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Definition
| learning that is not apparent from behavior when it first occurs |
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Term
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Definition
| creating a mental blueprint when learning |
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Term
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Definition
1. Vicarious reinforcement
2. Punishment |
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Term
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Definition
| reinforced through the experience in the imagination through the feelings or actions of another person/can learn through observing other peoples behavior, if they get punished or rewarded for a behavior |
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Term
| Cognitive Learning Punishment |
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Definition
| a higher learning recognition of punishment |
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