Term
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Definition
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Term
| List the clinical signs of colic |
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Definition
| decreased appetite, depression, lying down, flank watching, getting up and down, changes in behavior, sweating, stretching, kicking at the abdomen, pawing, rolling, increase recumbency |
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Term
| List some causes of GI pain |
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Definition
distension of the intestinal wall
stretching of the mesentery
inflammation of the intestinal wall
ischemia and spasm of the intestinal musculature |
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Term
| What are some causes of NON-GI pain (abdominal pain differentials) |
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Definition
| uterine torsion, bladder stone, laminitis, pleuropneumonia, peritonitis, parturition, musculoskeletal injuries, tying up, liver failure/cholestasis, neuro dz |
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Term
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Definition
Signalment/Hx
attitude and severity of pain
GOOD PE
GI eval (distension- auscultation)
Nasogastric reflux
rectal exam
Other: abdominocentesis, PCV/TP, CBC, Chem, AUS, xray, endoscopy, rectal-duodenal mucosal biopsy |
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Term
| How does pain manifest in horses with endotoxemia? |
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Definition
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Term
| How would you assess and manage pain? |
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Definition
response to meds
duration: acute, chronic, recurrent
nature: mild, moderate, severe
management: nasogastric intubation
trocharization (ensure
distension is in large
colon) |
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Term
| List some factors contributing to colic prognosis |
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Definition
| cardiovascular status, location of problem, cause of problem, age of horse |
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Term
| What should you palpate (or try to palpate) on a rectal |
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Definition
| left kidney, nephrosplenic ligament, spleen, pelvic flexure, bladder, uterus/ovaries/inguinal rings, cecum, small intestine/small colon, cranial mesenteric artery |
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Term
| What things would be ABNORMAL for a rectal? |
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Definition
*distension (large intestine: wall thickness, small intestine: tightness, size, thickness);
*tight bands: cecum, large colon;
*displaced spleen (large intestinal displacement, stomach distension)
*impactions
*inguinal hernia
*masses
*gritty surfaces- rupture |
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Term
| Describe AUS findings seen with colic |
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Definition
bowel wall thickness/content/peristaltic activity; excess peritoneal fluid;
*excess fluid w/ increaed echogenicity suggests peritonitis
intestinal strangulation: distended/
thick-walled bowel
intussusception: bull's eye/target
Nephrosplenic entrapment of the large colon
Diaphragmatic hernia, cholelithiasis, ruptured bladder, ascarid impactions, inguinal and scrotal hernia, neoplasia |
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Term
| Are young or old animals at greater risk for adhesions? |
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Definition
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Term
| List some indications for surgery |
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Definition
persistent abdominal pain**
reflux from stomach tube
PE findings inconsistent with medical
colic
abnormal rectal
appropriate signalment
no defecation in >12hours
increased abdominal distension |
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