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| Purpose of Lab Test: Screen |
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Definition
| searches for hidden disease processes in an otherwise healthy person |
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| Purpose of Lab Test: Diagnose |
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Definition
| identify the cause/origin of the signs and symptoms that the patient displays |
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| Purpose of Lab Test: Monitor |
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Definition
| physician can track the progress of a disease process |
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| automated count of all the cells in the blood |
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Definition
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| The complete blood count provides what |
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Definition
| number of cell types, indication of size, shape, some physical characteristics of the cells |
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| If a significant abnormality is noted what happens next? |
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Definition
| visual confirmation of a blood smear under a microscope |
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| measures the proportion of blood that is made up of red blood cells |
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| How is hematocrit expressed? |
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Definition
| % of fraction of cells in blood |
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| A higher hematocrit can be a result of what |
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Definition
| increased rbc count, plasma volume reduced as a result of dehydration |
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| A lower hematocrit can be a result of what |
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Definition
| anemia, decrease of rbc production, destruction of rbc, bleeding |
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| As Hematocrit rises so does |
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| As hematocrit falls so does |
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| WHen does hemoglobin rise |
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| ESR is an indirect measure of what |
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Definition
| degree of inflammation present in the body |
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| If ESR is normal, what does the test tube look like? |
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Definition
| red cells fall slowly, leaving little clear plasma |
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| If ESR is increased waht does it mean |
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Definition
| indicative of acute inflammation and abnormal blood levels of abnormal proteins such as fibrinogen or immunoglobulins |
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| Acute phase reactants and ESR may be increased in a number of different conditions such as |
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Definition
| infection, autoimmune diseases, cancer |
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| Done to determine if your blood glucose level is within healthy ranges |
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Definition
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| what does testing blood glucose level screen for |
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Definition
| hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, diabetes, pre-diabetes |
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| Blood glucose can be measured: 1 |
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Definition
| fasting basis, 8-10 hour fast |
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| Blood glucose can be measured: 2 |
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Definition
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| Blood glucose can be measured: 3 |
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Definition
| post prandial (after a meal) |
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| Blood glucose can be measured: 4 |
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Definition
| oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT/GTT) |
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| How does someone prep for the OGTT test |
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Definition
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| How is the OGTT administered |
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| patient takes glucose, has blood sugar tested 2 hours later |
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| Estimates how well blood sugar has been controlled during previous 3-4 months |
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Definition
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| What does the Hemoglobin A1C measure |
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Definition
| percentage of hemoglobin molecules in the RBCs and that have glucose attached |
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| Average life span of an RBC |
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Definition
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| Determines the risk of coronary heart disease |
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Definition
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| What is a lipid profile a good indicator of? |
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| whether someone is likely to have a heart attack or stroke caused by atherosclerosis |
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| high density lipoprotein cholesterol |
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| Low density lipoprotein cholesterol |
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| high desnity lipoprotein cholesterol |
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| low density lipoprotein cholesterol |
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| What are cardiac biomarkers |
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Definition
| substances that are released into the blood when the heart is damaged |
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| What are cardiac biomarkers used for |
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Definition
| diagnose, evaluate, and monitor patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome |
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| What is creatine kinase-MB |
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Definition
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| When is Creatine Kinase-MB released |
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Definition
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| When does Creatine Kinase-MB appear after an MI? |
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| When does creatine Kinase MB peak after an MI? |
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| When does creatine kinase MB decline |
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| The Higher the levels of CK-MB, the _______ the extent of heart damage |
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| biochemical marker for myocardial necrosis |
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| Following an MI Troponin remains elevated for how long? |
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| used to help diagnose a wide variety of diseases and conditions affecting the CNS |
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| bleeding within the brain or skull |
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| diseases that cause inflammation or other immune responses such as antibodies |
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| tumors located within the CNS or metastatic cancer |
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| clear without cells present |
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| fluid is cloudy, indicates presence of cells |
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| Alterations in the levels of inorganic compounds may indicate |
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| disease, abnormal pH, glucose levels, immunoglobins, amino acids |
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| evaluate the ability of blood to clot properly |
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| What is PT testing useful for? |
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| PT is often used in conjuction with ___ to evaluate function of all _____ factors |
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Definition
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| PT testing is used to screen what types of patients |
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Definition
| pre-surgery for previously undetected bleeding problems |
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| International Normalized Ratio |
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Definition
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Definition
| effectiveness of blood thinning drug such as warfarin |
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| Anti-coagulant drugs help inhibit what |
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Definition
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| Anticoagulants are prescribed to who on a long-term basis |
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| patients who have experienced recurrent inappropriate blood clotting |
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| What is the purpose of the BUN |
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| evaluates kindey function under a wide range of circumstances |
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Definition
| patients with chronic or acute kidney failure or dysfunction |
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| Used to evaluate a person's general health status when ordered as part of a basic metabolic panel (BMP) or comprehensive (CMP) |
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| 4.3-10.8 x 10^9 cells/liter |
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| 4.3-6.2 x 10^6 cells / uL |
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| Normal RBC Count: Females |
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| Normal Post-Prandial glucose level |
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| Fasting Blood Glucose Level |
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| Hb1AC is expected to be higher in which population |
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| At Risk Cholesterol: Total |
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| INR in those at high risk of clotting |
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