Term
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Definition
-You will always start with the most common trait first and as the generations go by, you will write down the organism that does not have the trait.
-diamond=trait
-circle=organism |
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Term
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Definition
| Basically, a living organism of the kind exemplified by trees, shrubs, herbs, grasses, ferns, and mosses, typically growing in a permanent site, absorbing water and inorganic substances through its roots, and synthesizing nutrients in its leaves by photosynthesis using the green pigment chlorophyll |
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Term
| Key characteristics of Bryophyta - |
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Definition
Include over 18,000 species of mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. These are seedless, nonvascular plants living in close association with water.
-No vascular tissues (xylem and phloem)
-No seeds
-Have a cuticle to prevent water loss
-Gametophyte is dominant body form
-Flagellated sperm require water to swim to egg |
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Term
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Definition
Commonly known as ferns, there are about 12,000 known species. Similar to bryophyte, these plants live in moist habitats so that water is available for sperm movement to egg. Ferns produce sori (house of reproduction) on the undersurface of some leaves. These structures produce spores involved in reproduction
-Seedless plants
-Sperm require water film to swim to egg
-Vascular tissues are present in rhizomes (underground stems with roots) and leaves
-Leaves (called fronds) are usually divided into multiple leaflets
-Gametophytes and sporophytes grow as independent structures
-Sporophyte is the dominant body form |
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Definition
| Seed-producing plants belong to the Gymnosperms (plants with “naked” seeds) and Angiosperms (plants with seeds enclosed in a “vessel”). Gymnosperms include conifers (cone producing plants), cycads, ginkgos, and gnetophytes. Of these 4 groups, the conifers have the most species and are most widely distributed. |
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Term
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Definition
| The vast majority of plant species in existence today are angiosperms or flowering plants (phylum anthophyta). Flowering plants can be divided into 2 groups based upon the # of seed leaves (cotyledons) present on developing embryos. Monocots (class monocotyledonae) have one seed leaf while dicots (class dicotyledonae) have 2. There are also additional differences in the arrangement of vascular tissues and floral parts between these 2 groups |
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Term
| How do you tell apart a flower that is monocot from dicot. |
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Definition
You must look at the # of flower parts
-If you count the # of petals, stamens or other floral parts, you will find that monocot flowers tend to have a # of parts that is divisible by 3 or 6
-Dicot flowers tend to have parts in multiples of 4 or 5 (4,5,10,16 etc) |
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Term
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Definition
?- Animals without a backbone
-90% of animals and most are insects |
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Term
| What are 4 major characteristics found in all chordates? |
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Definition
1. Notochord
2. Dorsal hollow nerve cord
3. Pharyngeal slits
4. Post-anal tail |
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Term
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Definition
| Lacks equality therefore no matter how many times you divide in half, the 2 parts of an animal will never look alike |
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Term
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Definition
Symmetry that divides an animal in half more than 1 time
-Body plans of echinoderms, ctenophores, cnidarians, and many sponges and sea anemones show radial symmetry |
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Term
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Definition
Organism can be divided into 2 equal halves
-Characteristic of animals that are capable of moving freely through their environments |
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Term
| Phylum Porifera (sponges) |
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Definition
Simple body structure with no true tissues
-Multicellular
-Asymmetrical
-Sessile- No movement as adults; are filter feeders (catch food as it floats through them)
-Have pores that absorb water
-Spicules- Tiny hard particles of calcium or silicon compounds that make up skeleton
-Reproduction: can be asexual (budding) or sexual by releasing sperm that enters other sponges through pores where it will fertilize the egg
-After fertilization, larvae will develop (immature stages of an animal) |
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Term
| Phylum Cnidaria (cnidarians |
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Definition
Sea anemones, corals, jellyfish, hydra
-All live in water, most in salt water
-Characterized by cnidocytes (stinging cells)
-Coelenterates (have a hollow gut)
-Also have tenticals
-Have 2 body forms
1. Polyp-Vase shaped, sessile (doesn’t move), attach to rocks, etc,. mouth points upwards
2 Medusa-Free swimming, umbrella shape, mouth points downward
-Radical symmetry |
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Term
| Phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworms) |
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Definition
-Simplest animal with bilateral symmetry, have long and thin flat bodies (usually hermaphroditic)
-Many are parasitic (tapeworms, liver flukes)
-Reproduction: usually hermaphroditic and reproduce sexually. During mating, they fertilize each other at the same time
-Some can reproduce asexually by regenerating (regrowing) lost parts |
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Term
| Phylum Nematoda (roundworms) |
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Definition
-Cylindrical body tapered at each end
-Bilateral symmetry
-Many are parasites
-Fluid-filled body cavity called a pseudoceolem
-Digestive tube
-No skeleton
-Sexual reproduction (internal fertilization)
-Sperm is amneoboid
-Free moving
-Skin breathing
-Ascaris, Trichinella, and hookworms are intestinal parasites for humans and pigs |
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Term
| Phylum Annelida (segmented worm) |
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Definition
-Segmented into metamers
-Bilaterally symmetrical
-Coelomate
-Closed circulatory system
-Complete digestive system
-Excretory system (pairs of nephridia in each segment)
-Well-developed longitudinal and circular muscles |
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Term
| Phylum Mollusca (mollusks & snails) |
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Definition
-Bilateral symmetry
-Complete digestive system
-No skeletal system
- Open circulatory system
-Sexual reproductive system
-Simple nervous system
-Have 5 major classes
1. Chitons
2. Tooth shells
3. Snails and slugs
4. Clams and oysters
5. Octopi and squid |
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