Details Title: Lab Animal Science 2 Description: Rodent Diseases, Rodent Breeding, Rabbits, Guinea Pigs, Hamsters and Gerbils Total Flash Cards: 191 Created: 04/25/2008 14:38:43		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Agriculture Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term Alopecia Definition Hair Loss Term Barbering Definition Behavioral hair chewing.  As long as the skin appears normal, the mouse does not require treatment. Term Ulcerative Dermatitis Definition Very pruritic (itchy) skin lesions in C57B16 mice. Term Flakey Skin Disease Definition Sometimes seen in nude mice, caused by a skin infection with Corynebacterium bovic, a gram-positive bacterium. Term Treatment of Flakey Skin Disease Definition Antibiotics in drinking water. Term Characteristic wound locations on fleeing mice. Definition Tails, rear feet, genitals. Term Treatment if fight wounds is severe. Definition Euthanasia. Term Hydrocephalus (definition) Definition A swelling of malformation of the brain and overlying skull (usually the forehead region).  This condition cannot be treated, and results in rapid decline and death. Term Ribs, vertebrae, pelvic bones, and all bony promineces evident when feeling animal though it's fur. (Too thin, Ideal, or Too Heavy?) Definition Too thin. Term Ribs are palpable through a covering of fat, but cannot feel the spine.  The coat is thick and glossy. (Too thin, Ideal, or Too Heavy?) Definition Ideal Term Massive fat deposits over the thorax, spin and base of tail. (Too thin, Ideal, or Too Heavy?) Definition Too Heavy Term Dystocia (definition) Definition Trouble delivering pups in a normal manner. Term Anasarca (Definition) Definition Generlized edema or swelling. Term ARC upper limit on MICE tumor size. Definition 1.5cm Term ARC upper limit on RAT tumor size. Definition 2.5cm Term Two ways a male can have Penile Prolapse? Definition 1:  Very active breeding. 2:  Fighting. Term This is sometimes associated with an ear infection. Definition Head Tilt Term What will a mouse with Head Tilt do when picked up by the tail? Definition Spin Term Porphyrin Definition Choromodacryorrhea - a red substance secreted by the Harderian gland, located behind the eye. Term Proptosis (definition) Definition Distension or protrusion of the globe of the eye. Term Degloving (definition) Definition Loss of flesh from around the bone of a rodent tail that may be caused by picking up the rat too close to the tip of it's tail. Term # of adult mice <25g that may be housed per standard cage. Definition 5 Term max # of mice >25g housed together in a standard cage? Definition 4 Term Max # Adults that may be housed with a litter in a standard cage? Definition 2 Term # days to remove sutures. Definition 14 days. Term Rat estrous cycle duration Definition 4-5 days Term 4 stages of mice estrous cycle. Definition Proestrus Estrus Metestrus Diestrus Term Light Cycle Definition Critical for normal estrous cycling. Term Puberty of male mice. Definition 5-6 weeks. Term Puberty of female mice. Definition 4-5 weeks Term # of weeks to begin breeding female mice? Definition 6 weeks Term How long for male mouse to be housed along prior to breeding? Definition 1 week. Term Three pheromone effects. Definition 1. Lee-Boot Effect 2. Whitten Effect 3. Bruce Effect Term Lee-Boot Effect Definition Estrus suppression (anestrus) in females housed together for about 2 weeks. Term Whitten Effect Definition Induction of estrus in females by the presence of the mail or male's urine. Term Bruce Effect Definition Phermones from a strange male may prevent implantation of the embryon in recently (4-5 days) bred females. Term When does mice ovalation occur? Definition 4-5 hours after the start of the dark cycle. Term What indication is there that a mating has occured? Definition A copulatory plug. Term Mice gestation period. Definition 19-21 days. Term Days before a mouse can be visually pregnant. Definition 12-13 days Term How many days after pregnancy should a female mouse be left alone? Definition 17 days. Term Time birth usually occurs for a mouse. Definition 12-4am. Term Mouse litter size. Definition 1-12 pups. Term Postpartum Estrus of a mouse. Definition 12-28 hours. Term # days a newborn mouse opens eyes. Definition 12-14 days. Term hen do mice pups start to eat solid foods? Definition Day 11 or when eyes open. Term How long do female mice lactate? Definition Around 4 weeks. Term Mice external ears open after how long? Definition 3 days. Term Rabbit (Scientific Name) Definition Oryctolagus corniculus Term Most common rabbit breed used in biomedical research. Definition albino New Zealand (white) Term Other common rabbit breeds (besides NZ) Definition Butch Belted Flemish Giant Polish Chinchilla   Term Male Rabbit - ? Female Rabbit - ? Baby Rabbit - ? Definition Male Rabbit - Buck Female Rabbit - Doe Baby Rabbit - Kit Term Distinguishing Characteristics of Rabbits Definition High muscle/bone ration with large body fat reserves. Female larger than males Limbs are long - hindlimbs are longer No foot pads. Long-straight claws. Small rudamentry clavical Thick and soft fur except for the nose and scrotum Secondary set of incisors - hypodontic - Peg or Wolf Teeth. Term What order is the Rabbit? Definition Lagomorpha Term Rabbit Research Uses Definition Disease models Serum/Antibody Production Drug Screening Pyrogen Testing Atherosclerosis Testing Term Body part of rabbit that is never used for restraining. Definition Ears Term Rabbit Temperature Definition 100.4 - 104.0 Term Rabbit heart rate Definition 130-325 bpm Term Rabbit Respiration Rate Definition 30-60 Term Rabbit p02 Definition 85-102 Term Rabbit Blood Pressure Definition Systolic: 90-130 Diastolic: 80-90 Term Rabbit Weight Adult? New Born? Definition Adult: 2-6kg Newborn: 30-80g Term Rabbit Water Consumption Definition 100-600m/day Term Rabbit Food Consumption Definition 100-300g/day Term Rabbit Lifespan Definition 5-8 years Term Rabbit Urine Definition Clear->yellow->red brown Term Rabbit pH Definition Alkaline - 8.2 Term Rabbit Urine Volume Definition 50-75 ml/kg/day Term Rabbit Coprophagy Definition Rabbits produce a night stool which is a softer pellet covered in mucus which they ingest to regain vit B and protein.  Fecal production 50-60g/day Term Rabbit Hypnosis Definition Cradle on his back tipping the head backwards until he's "out." Term Shedding Rabbits Definition Rabbits shed every 3 months. Term Rabbit litter. Definition kindling Term Sign of rabbit about to give birth. Definition Pulling out her own fur from the chest, abdomen, throat to line box. Term Rabbit Sexual Maturity Definition 4-6 months. Term Rabbit ovulators. Definition Induced Ovulators Term Rabbit Breeding. Definition Female must be taken to male cage.  Female will attack male in her own cage. Term Rabbit Gestation Definition 29-35 days Term Rabbit litter size. Definition 4-10 kits Term Rabbit Cannibalism? Definition YES Term Rabbit Weaning Definition 4-6 weeks. Term Rabbit Behavior Definition Females fight unless raised together. Active and Curious Adept at escaping from unsecured cages Generally mild tempered Sesitive to noice Naturally Nocturnal Most active at twilight Easily Excitable Occasionally resist handling Term Rabbit Sniffing Definition Annoyed or just talking. Term Rabbit Grunts Definition Angry Term Rabbit Shrill Scream Definition Hurt/Dying/Terrified Term Rabbit circling feet. Definition Sexual behavior - In Love. Term Rabbit Spraying Definition Territorial Marking. Term Rabbit Chinning Definition Territorial Marking Term Rabbit Hopping/Dancing Definition Pure Joy and happiness Term Rabbit Begging Definition for treats Term Rabbit Territorial Droppings. Definition Marking Term Rabbit Playing Definition Pushing and tossing objects. Term Rabbit Stomping Definition Mad - Warning Term Rabbit Teeth Grinding Definition Shows contentment Term Rabbit Room Temp Definition 61-71 Term Rabbit Humidity Definition 30-70% Term Rabbit Flea Treatment. Definition Frontline is never to be used. Flea powders are not recommended. Flea Shampoos are not recommended. Term Rabbit Coccidiosis Definition Poor Sanitation. Diarrhea, fever, anorexia, weight loss, emaciation, dearh. Dx: fecal flotation, intestinal lesions Tx: Sulfonamides and good husbandary. Term Rabbit Pasteurellosis Definition Pasteureila Multocida Multiple large, creamy filled abcesses occuring on the neck and mammary glands.  Sneezing, rhinitis, serous-mucopurulent, discharge from the nose. Usually best to euthanize. Term Rabbit "Wry Neck"/Ear Infection Definition Middle/inner each infection.  Pus/fluid buildup, rabbit twists head. Tx: long term antibiotic.  Prognosis is guarfded.  Easier to euthanize. Term Rabbit Pododermatitis/"Bumblefoot" Definition Staphylococcus Aureus Round ulcerated lesions on the plantar surfaces of the foot.  Very painful. Analgesia.  Clean surface. antibiotics. Term Rabbit Treponematosis/Spirochetosis/Syphillis Definition Not zoonotic. Small cesicles or ulcers formed covered with heavy scabs in genital region, lips, and eyes. Benzathring Peniccilan - Infected for life. Term Rabbit Tyzzer's Disease Definition Found in all species of lab animals throughout the world. Profuse diarrhea, anorexia, lethary, death (1-3 days in rabbits 6-12 weeks old), necrotic enteritis with necrosis in liver and heart. Tetrocyclin added to water. Term Rabbit Myxomatosis Definition Used to attempted eradication of rabbits in Australia. Insect vectors and direct contact. High mortality rate.  Conjunctivitis, pyrexia, anorexia, lethargy.  death within 2 days. No treatment. Term Rabbit Rotavirus type A Definition Transmission - fecal-oral route Severe watery diarrhea, anorexia, dehydration.  Mortality rate 80%+ for < 6 months old. Leads to secondary infections -> e.coli/clostridium No treatments. Term Guinea Pigs Scientific Name Definition Cavia procellus Term Guinea Pigs Originated Definition Andes mountains of South America Term Guinea Pigs relations Definition Chinchilla and Porcupine Term Guinea Pigs Most Common Breed Definition Duncan-Hartley (albino) Term Guinea Pigs Research purposes Definition Nutrition Immune System Function Infectious Disease Studies (tuberculosis) Term Guinea Pigs Behaviour Definition Docile Can't climb or Jump Wide Variety Vocal Fastidious eating habits, messy Long gestation length Dependence on Vit C Herbivores Excellent Swimmers Male-Dominated Term Guinea Pigs Anatomical Characteristics Definition tailless Short/Stocky/compact Short legs M&F have nipples Lower molars can commonly become maloccluded and overgrown. Term Guinea Pigs Handling Definition One hand around chest with palm of the other placed under the hidwuarters whien lifting. Term Guinea Pigs Body Temperature Definition 98.6-103.1 Term Guinea Pigs Heart Rate Definition 230-320 Term Guinea Pigs Respiratory Rate Definition 42-104 Term Guinea Pigs Weight: Adult and Newborns Definition Adult: 500-800g Newborns:  70-90g Term Guinea Pigs Water Consumption Definition 50-80ml/day Term Guinea Pigs Food Consumption Definition 30-48g/day Term Guinea Pigs Feces Definition Firm dark pellet. Copraphagic (150-200x/day) Cecal Fermentors Term Guinea Pigs Urine Definition Yellow and slightly cloudy.  Contains crystals Term Guinea Pigs Lifespan Definition 4-6 years.  8 years MAX. Term Guinea Pigs Sexing Definition Male's penis felt under the skin in the inguinal area. Term Guinea Pigs Breeding Weight Definition 550-600g (12 weeks) Term Guinea Pigs 7 month old females Definition Females older than 7 months are prone to Dystocia due to fusion of the pubic bone. Term Guinea Pigs Estrous Cycle Definition 6-11 hours long 16-18 days. Term Guinea Pigs Gestation Definition 60-64 days Longest of rodents Term Guinea Pigs Litter size Definition 2-4 Term Guinea Pigs Male/Female Definition Male=Boar Female=Sow Term Guinea Pigs Cannibalism Definition RARE Term Guinea Pigs Weaning Definition 18-24 days Term Guinea Pigs Precocious Young Definition Large, born fully furred, eyes open, able to eat solid food, able to run. Term Guinea Pigs Sexual Maturity Definition 60-90 days. Term Guinea Pigs Diet Definition Diet must include Vit C since they do not make their own.  Prone to scurvy. Term Hamsters Species Definition Chinese Hamster (Cricetulus griseus) Syrian/Golden Hamster (Mesocricetus auretus) Term Hamsters Research Use Definition Diabetes Cancer Transplant Studies Genetics Studies Dental/Cavity research. Term Hamsters Cheek Pouch Definition Thin epithelial sac that extends into the check. Used to store bedidng, food, and young. Does not have any lymph. Term Hamsters Stomach Definition 2 compartments; Non-glandular forestomach Forestomach Term Hamsters Scent Glands/Flank Organ Definition Located on R/L dorsolateral flanks. Used as a sexual Attractant Secretes a thick, musk-like fluid   Term Hamsters Handling Definition Scruffed or cupped in hands. Term Hamsters Sexing Definition Male has testes and pointed posterior.  Female is curved. Term Hamsters Hand Mating Definition Female to male cage at the end of light cycle.  Separate after 5 minutes. Term Hamsters Harem Mating Definition 1M + 2-3F housed together. Remove female 2-3 days before giving birth. Term Hamsters Intermittent Mating Definition 1 female paired with 1-2 males per week. Term Hamsters Monogamous Mating Definition Pair is placed after being weaned.  Litters should appear 35-40 days. Term Hamsters Mating Systems Definition Hand Mating Harem Mating Intermittent Mating Monogamous Mating Term Hamsters Sexual Maturity Definition 42-70 days Term Hamsters Estrous Cycle Definition 4 days Term Hamsters Gestation Definition 15-16 days (shortest of species) Term Hamsters Litter Size Definition 5-10 pups Term Hamsters Cannibalism Definition YES Term Hamsters Weaning Definition 21 days (same as mice and rats) Term Hamsters Behaviour Definition Nocturnal Burrowers Fastidious - Urinate/Defacate in separate area from food. Escape Artists Aggresive Startle Reflex - Stand on hind legs and BITE. Dominant Females Immunologic tolerance Deep Sleepers Run on wheels 8km/day Term Hamsters PseudoHibernate Definition When room temp is under 5c. Term Hamsters Body Temp Definition 98.6-100.4 Term Hamsters Heart Rate Definition 250-600 Term Hamsters Resp Rate Definition 35-120 Term Hamsters Weight Adult and Newborn Definition Adult: 80-120g Newborn: 8-12g Term Hamsters Water Consumption Definition 10ml/100g/day Term Hamsters Food Consumption Definition 10ml/100g/day Term Hamsters Feces Definition Firm, rice sized, dark brown Term Hamsters Urine Definition Thick and milky Term Hamsters Lifespan Definition 1.5 - 2 years. Term Gerbils Scientific Name Definition Mongolian Gerbil Meriones unguiculatus Term Gerbils Known for... Definition Ease of handling Friendly and curious Mild temperment Adaptive to environmental changes Low occurance of natural disease Active and naturally orderless and clean. Most resistant to radiation exposures Term Gerbils Research uses Definition Stroke Epilepsie or spontaneous siezures Term Gerbils Seizures Definition 20% epleptic seizures, caused by stress, handling, loud noises.  Appears to freeze, tiwtch, and kick.  Begins at 2 months old.  Seizures range from mild to severe. Term Gerbils Handling Definition Grab at base of tail or cup in hands Term Gerbils Breeding Behaviour Definition Monogamous for LIFE! Term Gerbils Sexual Maturity Definition 80-84 Days Term Gerbils Estrous Cycle Definition 4-6 Days Term Gerbils Gestation Definition 24-26 days Term Gerbils Litter Size Definition 4-5 Term Gerbils Cannibalism Definition NO Term Gerbils Weaning Definition 21 days Eat solids at 16-20 days Term Gerbils Sexing Methods Definition Anogenital distance Males is twice as long as females.  Males have a darm scrotum. Term Gerbils Manic Definition High level of activity, then crashes. Term Gerbils Diurnal Definition Active in the daytime. Term Gerbils Activities Definition Build nests Constantly digging, borrowing, elaborate tunnels Interacting, socialization Constantly grooming themselves and others Scratch at side of cages. Term Gerbils Ventral Marking Glands Definition Yellow gland in both sexes. Used for sexual attraction, marking territory, and marking pups. Term Gerbils Body Temp Definition 96.3-102.7 Term Gerbils Heart Rate Definition 260-600 Term Gerbils Resp Rate Definition 70-120 Term Gerbils Weight Adult and Newborn Definition Adult: 70-90g (m: 80-90g - f: 70-80g) Newborn: 3g Term Gerbils Water Consumption Definition 3-6ml/day Term Gerbils Food Consumption Definition 4-7g/day equal amounts day and night Term Gerbils Feces/Urine Definition Similar to mouse Term Gerbils Life Span Definition 2-4 Years Term Gerbils Foot Stomping Definition Indicates a threat nearby or Sexual attraction or ritual Term Gerbils Escape Behaviour Definition Explorer/curious tend to stay close to cage areas may even return to their cage Term Gerbils Diet Definition Same rodent chow as rats and mice. Water is ad lib. Term Gerbils Zoonotic Concerns Definition Salmonella Hymenolepsis infections.