Leaves: linear, flat, sessile, white stomatal lines below

Buds: small and resinous

Bark: smooth grayisn brown with raised resin blisters

Repructive Structure: seed cones, erect, resinous

Leaves: linear, sessile, no peg, silvery blue grey on both sides, longer than balsam fir needles, citrus smell when crushed

Twigs: distinctive round leaf scars

Buds: resinous and larger than balsam fir buds

Bark: grey with resin blisters

Reproductive Structure: erect resinous seed cone with deciduous scales

Habitat: native to Rocky Mountains and Sierra Nevada

Uses: ornamental

Leaves: linear, sessile, pegged, softer than white spruce

Buds: ovoid, scales curling and spreading

Bark: reddish brown, shreds into fine, small papery scales

Reproductive Structure: seed cone, pendant, woody scales, finely toothed

Habitat: native to central and northern Europe

Uses: ornamental

Leaves: linear, sessile, pegged, new growth bluish gray, white bloom

Buds: scales curve out into rosette pattern

Bark: coarsely flaky with large grayish brown or purplish scales

Reproductive Structure: seed cone, scales papery, margin wavy

Habitat: native to Rocky Mountains

Uses: ornamental

Leaves: opposite, palmately compound, 7-9 obovate leaflets, long petioles swollen at base

Twigs: bundle scars look like inverted horseshoe with nail hole

Buds: large, very gummy, purplish brown

Bark: dark brown, high in tannins

Fruit: capsule, covered in prickles

Habitat: native to Balkan peninsula

Uses: ornamental, carvings 

Leaves: alternate, simple, cordate, margins entire

Twigs: zig-zag, slender, brown becoming black

Bark: smooth and gray when young, becoming reddish and furrowed

Fruit: legume, pods flat, short-stalked, small, persistent in winger

Habitat: native to eastern and central U.S., but not this far north

Uses: ornamental for showy flowers

Habit: small, multi-stemmed tree

Leaves: alternate, simple, oblong to ovate, entire, pubescent below

Twigs: gray-brown, glabrous

Buds: tan, pubescent

Bark: smooth, mottled gray

Fruit: aggregate of follicles

Habitat: lawns

Uses: ornamental

Leaves: 2/fascicle, long, clustered at tips, don't snap when bent

Twigs: yellowish brown to olive brown

Buds: sharp-pointed, reddish brown with white resin

Bark: pinkish gray to blackish, coarsely and deeply fissured w/ coarse flakes

Reproductive Structure: seed cone, ripens 2nd season

Habitat: native to central and southern Europe

Uses: ornamental

Leaves: alternate, simple, deltoid, coasely toothed, petioles laterally compressed

Twigs: yellowish green and angled in cross-section

Buds: terminal bud long, slender, angled, resinous

Fruit: capsule borne on drooping catkins, seeds with whitish tuft of hair

Leaves: alternate, simple, pinnately lobed, not margins smooth

Twigs: stout and tomentose

Buds: blunt, reddish-brown, pubescent

Fruit: nut (acorn), cup fringed and covers most of nut

Leaves: alternate, simple, base asymmetrical, doubly serrate, rough pubescent above, veins seldom fork

Twigs: slender and breakage resistant

Bark: fissured into broad, interlacing ridges

Fruit: samara, margin hairy, tip notched