Term
| This condition is usually detected through careful questioning regarding activities that require repetitive movement or prolonged awkward positioning |
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Definition
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Term
| This condition requires an evaluation of any biomechanical predispositions such as pronation/supination, lower extremity torsion, or patellar tracking abnormalities |
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Definition
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Term
| The knee is often a site of pain referral with ___ abnormalities in ___ |
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Definition
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Term
| Two common clinical presentations for an athlete with anterior knee pain are |
|
Definition
| patellofemoral arthralgia; patella tracking disorders |
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|
Term
| Common clinical presentation for an elderly patient with a complaint of knee pain and stiffness |
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Definition
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Term
| Common clinical presentation for a younger athlete with a complaint of tibial tuberosity pain |
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Definition
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Term
| Common clinical presentation for a patient with a complaint of instability |
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Definition
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Term
| Common clinical presentation for a patient complaining of painful locking of the knee |
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Definition
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Term
| If traumatic a hyperextension mechanism will cause for consideration of |
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Definition
| an isolated ACL tear or Patellar dislocation |
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|
Term
| If traumatic a hyperflexion mechanism will cause for consideration of |
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Definition
| PCL tear (major trauma also ACL) |
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Term
| If traumatic a deceleration injury will cause for consideration of |
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Definition
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|
Term
| If traumatic a valgus force injury with no rotation causes for consideration of |
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Definition
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Term
| If traumatic a valgus force injury with rotation (foot fixed on the ground) causes consideration for these three conditions |
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Definition
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Term
| If traumatic a blow to the flexed knee causes consideration for these 4 conditons |
|
Definition
| contusion, fat pad irritation, patellar fracture, PCL if a significant force |
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Term
| If the mechanism is repetitive flexion and extension (running) there is consideration for these two conditions |
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Definition
| ITB syndrome, popliteus tendinitis (lateral knee pain) |
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Term
| If the mechanism is repetitive jumping or sprinting consider these two conditions |
|
Definition
| patellar tendinitis (jumpers knee); adolescents consider apophyseal injury (osgood schlatters) with anterior knee pain |
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Term
| if constant valgus stress applied directly or indirectly consider these 2 conditions |
|
Definition
| chronic MCL strain or pes anserinus tendinitis with medial knee pain |
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Term
| What are the 3 articulations at the knee |
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Definition
| tibiofemoral, tibiofibular, patellofemoral |
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Term
| What two articulations at the knee are synovial articulations |
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Definition
| tibiofemoral and tibiofibular |
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Term
| Internally the stability and control of rotation is provided by the ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| The cruiciates, capsule, and collateral ligaments connect the ___ to the ___ |
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Definition
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Term
| This artery is commonly torn with tears of the ACL |
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Definition
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Term
| In nonweightbearing the ACL acts as a primary restraint to ____ movement of the tibia |
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Definition
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|
Term
| In weightbearing the ACL acts as a primary restraint to ___ movement of the tibia |
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Definition
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Term
| This ligament serves a synergistic role providing restraint to backward movement of the tibia on the femur in non weight bearing |
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Definition
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|
Term
| This ligament resists forward movement of the tibia on the femur in weight bearing |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Which collateral ligament is longer and has more direct connections on the capsule |
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Definition
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Term
| This ligament connects the distal femur to the fibular head and is separated from the joint by the popliteus muscle |
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Definition
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Term
| The ___ acts as a primary lateral protection of valgus forces |
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Definition
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|
Term
| The ____ acts as a secondary support for the PCL |
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Definition
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|
Term
| The ___ acts as a primary protection to varus forces and acts as a secondary support for the ACL |
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Definition
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Term
| The ___ acts to deepen the joint adding static stability |
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Definition
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|
Term
| The ___ is the largest sesamoid bone of the body |
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Definition
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|
Term
| The patella extends the lever arm for the quadriceps muscle making ___ of the knee more effective |
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Definition
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Term
| These three things aid in the stabilization of the patella |
|
Definition
| quadriceps muscle, facial extensions (retinacula), and the distal attachment of the tibial tuberosity (patella tendon) |
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Term
| These two things cushion the spaces between the patella and the femur and the patella and the tibia |
|
Definition
| suprapatellar pouch; infrapatellar fat pad |
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|
Term
| This term describes a high riding position of the patella |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Abduction and Adduction of the knee in the extended position is done by ____ |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Abduction and Adduction in the flexed knee is done slightly by __ |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Flexion motion of the knee is done primarily by the ___muscles |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Flexion assistance when the knee is flexed beyond 30-40 degrees is done by the ____ |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Extension of the knee is done primarily by the ___ |
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Definition
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|
Term
| The last 30-40 degrees of extension of the knee is assisted by the |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which is a stronger movement pattern; Flexion or Extension |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| In non weight bearing these 3 muscles internally rotate the knee |
|
Definition
popliteus, semimembranosus, semitendonosus
(assistance from sartorius and gracilis) |
|
|
Term
| In non weight bearing this muscle provides external rotation |
|
Definition
| Biceps femoris with assistance from the ITB |
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|
Term
| When the knee is in full extension these 3 structures act as static stabilizers for the knee |
|
Definition
| pes anserinus, hamstrings, and ITB |
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|
Term
| As the knee flexes it also ___ rotates |
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Definition
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|
Term
| When the cruciates cross (flexion) it takes pressure off of the ___ |
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Definition
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|
Term
| During the first 20-30 degrees of flexion a ___ motion occurs between the tibia and the femur |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Past 30 degrees of flexion a ___ motion occurs between the tibia and the femur |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Rotation is limited and governed by these 2 structures |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Traumatic anterior knee pain consider these 5 conditions |
|
Definition
| patellar fracture, fat pad irritation, contusion of soft tissue structures, meniscus tear, pes anserinus bursitis (anteromedial) |
|
|
Term
| Nontraumatic anterior knee pain consider these 4 conditions |
|
Definition
| Extensor disorders (osgood schlatters, patellar tendonitis), Patellofemoral disorders (patellofemoral arthralgia, chondromalacia) |
|
|
Term
| Traumatic posterior knee pain consider these 4 disorders |
|
Definition
| PCL tear, meniscus tear, gastrocnemiussoleus tear (tennis leg), semimembranosus brusitis |
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|
Term
| Non traumatic posterior knee pain consider these 6 disorders |
|
Definition
| strain of the gastrocnemius or soleus, semimembranosus tendinitis, bursitis, Bakers cyst, popliteal thrombus, referral from other disorders |
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|
Term
| Traumatic lateral knee pain consider these 4 disorders |
|
Definition
| LCL tear, ACL tear with fracture, meniscus tear, fibular head subluxation |
|
|
Term
| Non traumatic lateral knee pain consider these 2 disorders |
|
Definition
| ITB syndrome, popliteus tendinitis |
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|
Term
| Traumatic medial knee pain consider these 2 conditions |
|
Definition
| MCL tear or rupture, medial meniscus tear |
|
|
Term
| Nontraumatic medial knee pain consider these 3 conditons |
|
Definition
| MCL sprain, pes anserinus tendonitis, bursitis |
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|
Term
| Swelling that occurs immediately or within the first few hours is suggestive of ____ |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What are two strong possibilities that are associated with hemarthrosis |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| If swelling is delayed taking several hours and is not especially painful (unless patient moves the knee) ____ is likely |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| 3 Common conditions that irritate the synovium and cause increased synovial fluid protection are ___ |
|
Definition
| meniscus tear, ACL flaps, loose bodies |
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|
Term
| If there is no pain at the point of the knee giving away ___ is likely the cause |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| A pop at the time of injury is likely indicative of a ___ tear, especially if a pop is accompanied by pain and swelling. |
|
Definition
ACL
other conditions include: patella dislocation, meniscus tear |
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|
Term
| ___ occurs when the knee is held at approximately 30 degrees of flexion in an attempt to accommodate joint effusion |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| ____ occurs when there is mechanical blockage, knee is often in flexion and is rigidly painfully locked in one position |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| True locking is indicative of what 2 conditions |
|
Definition
| meniscus tear or osteochondritis dessecans |
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|
Term
| If a patient is running/walking downhill these two syndromes are possible with lateral pain |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Unilateral weakness may occur with ____ with amyotrophy |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| With an L5 nerve root lesion patients will feel weakness in the ____ |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Contractile causes of restricted motion are often ____ |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| ____ causes a restricted pattern whereby full extension is not possible and flexion beyond 90 degrees is often difficult |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___ internal damage will almost always cause joint effusion |
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Definition
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|
Term
| ___ internal damage will cause joint effusion but effusion due to inflammatory arthritides or infection |
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Definition
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|
Term
| ____ damage is due to soft tissue contracture, especially with a history of immobilization or lack of activity |
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Definition
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|
Term
| If there is stiffness that resolves with 15-30 min of activity what two problems are often suspected |
|
Definition
| OA or patellofemoral problems |
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|
Term
| Patellofemoral problems are usually more common in ___ patients |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Numbness and tingling local to the medial knee is often due to ____ irritation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Meniscus tear will specifically have pain in the ____ |
|
Definition
| joint line (anterior, medial, posterior) |
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|
Term
| Tenderness on either side of the patella may indicate ___ |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Tenderness on either side of the patella with a flexed knee is commonly an irritation of ____ |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Tenderness at the lateral epicondyle of the femur or anterolateral tibia is found with ____ |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Tenderness behind the LCL or in front of the femoral insertion of the LCL is indicative of ____ |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Tenderness at the insertion of the vastus medialis oblique indicates ___. Also evident at the adductor tubercle |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Tenderness at the posterior knee superior to the joint line with the knee bent may be found with ___. Below the joint line with ____ |
|
Definition
| gastrocnemuius strain; soleus strain |
|
|
Term
| ___ testing is based on challenging the posterior to anterior stability of the tibia |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| The test that is the highest sensitivity for acute ACL injuries is the ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Testing for the meniscus is a ____ challenge |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This test will apply compression to the posterior and middle third of the meniscus |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Studies suggest that ____ is not often a predictor of meniscus tears |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| The most frequently injured collateral ligament is the ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If there is a valgus stress applied at 30 degrees of flexion and there is no end feel reached then a ____ has occurred |
|
Definition
| 3rd degree rupture of MCL |
|
|
Term
| If there is a valgus stress applied at 30 degrees of flexion and there is end feel reached then a ____ has occurred |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If there is a valgus stress applied at 30 degrees of flexion and there is no opening but pain is present then a ____ has occured |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the three approaches to patellofemoral testing |
|
Definition
| compression, stability, and tracking |
|
|
Term
| If compression testing at 5-10 degrees produces pain then ___ is suspected |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| If the patient is seated and the axial view of the foot is turned out more than 20 degrees reveals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If the patient is seated and the axial view of the foot is turned in more than 15 degrees reveals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ____ is palpable and may contribute to patella tracking disorders |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Stuttering, snapping, at the medial inferior patella suggests ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two ways that ITB is tested |
|
Definition
| direct pressure over the lateral epicondyle and stretching of the ITB in an attempt to determine predisposition |
|
|
Term
| Resisted internal rotation will evaluate ___ causing pain at the lateral knee. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When there is tenderness at the posterior attachment of the muscle or resisted knee flexion causes pain at the posterior medial knee there the ___ muscle is affected |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pain at the posterior fibular head that may be increased with resisted knee flexion affects the ___ muscle |
|
Definition
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|
